Nitrogen Solubility in Liquid Fe–Nb, Fe–Cr–Nb, Fe–Ni–Nb and Fe–Cr–Ni–Nb Alloys

Yang, Shouxing; Li, Huabing; Feng, Hao; Li, Xuze; He, Tao

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2020-627

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our previous research obtained the nitrogen content in pure iron when the nitrogen is 1 atm, [28] and the equilibrium reaction constant can be obtained from the Gibbs free energy change, namely…”

Section: Nitrogen Solubility During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Removal Mechanism of Vanadium Addition on Nitrogen Pores in 30Cr15Mo1N High‐Nitrogen Steel Ingot

Zhu,

Ni,

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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The removal mechanism of vanadium addition on nitrogen pores in 30Cr15Mo1N ingot is systematically investigated through statistical analysis and theoretical calculation. The nitrogen solubility is obtained by the thermodynamic model, and the nitrogen content is obtained by combining the ProCAST software and the C–K model. Then, according to the formula of critical nucleation radius and growth rate of nitrogen bubbles, the variation of critical nucleation radius and growth rate of nitrogen bubbles with different vanadium contents is calculated. As the vanadium content increases, the number and mean area of nitrogen pores decrease. In comparison to the 0 V ingot, the number of nitrogen pores decreases in the 0.2 V ingot, but there is an increase in the number of large‐sized nitrogen pores (>3000 μm in diameter). When the vanadium content increases to 0.4, the nitrogen pores are completely removed. The results demonstrate that increasing vanadium content can remove nitrogen pores. Since the solidification mode remains unchanged with increasing vanadium content, increasing the vanadium content cannot remove nitrogen pores by changing the solidification mode of the 30Cr15Mo1N ingots. Therefore, increasing the vanadium content removes the nitrogen pores mainly by inhibiting the nucleation of nitrogen bubbles and promoting nitrogen bubble overflow in 30Cr15Mo1N ingots.

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Section: Nitrogen Solubility During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Removal Mechanism of Vanadium Addition on Nitrogen Pores in 30Cr15Mo1N High‐Nitrogen Steel Ingot

Zhu,

Ni,

et al. 2023

steel research int.

Self Cite

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“…According to Sieverts' law, the concentration of diatomic gases in solid and liquid solutions is proportional to the square root of the partial pressure [9,11,12], which means that the pressure of nitrogen gas directly affects the solubility of nitrogen atoms.…”

Section: Nitrogen Solubility and Nitride Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the change of the enthalpy in the alloy due to nitrogen dissolution, ∆S alloy N is the change of the entropy in the alloy due to nitrogen dissolution, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. According to Wagner's formalism, the activity coefficient of an element, in our case nitrogen, can be written as [10][11][12][13][14]:…”

Section: Nitrogen Solubility and Nitride Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nickel on Niobium Nitride Formation in As-Cast Stainless Steels

Bajželj

Batič

Medved

et al. 2022

Metals

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The influence of the nickel content and cooling rate on niobium nitride precipitation in as-cast stainless steels were analysed. Niobium microalloying is important for mechanical properties and the prevention of intergranular corrosion in stainless steels. However, coarse precipitates can negatively affect steel properties. The precipitation of NbN depends on thermodynamic conditions, which are dictated by the chemical composition and temperature. The thermodynamic computations were used to estimate niobium nitride precipitation. Additionally, segregation models were used to predict precipitation. Three steel batches with different nickel contents (9 wt.%, 4.7 wt.%, and 0.16 wt.%) were prepared in an induction furnace and cast into sand moulds. The polished and etched samples were examined with an optical microscope, followed by a more detailed examination using a scanning electron microscope. An automatic scanning electron microscope analysis of the niobium particles was performed to obtain particle number and size distribution. Primary niobium carbonitrides, eutectic phases, and heterogenous nucleations on MnS inclusions were observed. As the proportion of nickel in the solution decreased, the solubility of nitrogen in the melt increased, which is manifested by a lower formation of primary and eutectic niobium carbonitrides, while MnS non-metallic inclusions played an important role in the heterogeneous nucleation.

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“…The interaction parameters employed by Yang et al [13] were accepted in the present study. The solubility product of Nb and N will be decreased with temperature as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Niobium Nitrides Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present work, the influence of Ni-content in solution on the solubility of NbN product in stainless steels with 18 wt% Cr is studied. Nickel reduces the solubility of N in the steel melt, so the solubility product of niobium nitrides is expected to be lower at higher nickel contents [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of primary niobium particles in stainless steels with Different nickel contents

Bajželj

Batič

Medved

et al. 2022

METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings

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The presence of primary Nb-particles and their morphology affected by changes in nickel concentration in the as-cast microstructure of stainless steels with 18 wt% Cr were analysed. The formation of primary particles is due to the decreasing solubility during cooling and solidification of the steel melt, and additionally, segregation of alloying elements occurs during solidification, which contributes to the formation of particles. The coarse, sharp-edged nitrides formed during solidification reduce the mechanical properties of the material, highlighting a significant reduction in impact toughness and resistance to high temperature creep. According to the thermodynamic models the solubility of Nb and N was estimated. Solubility product of NbN decreases by lowering temperature and increasing the Ni content. With the Scheil-Gulliver model, it was predicted that, in a solution with (wt%) 18Cr, 0.5Nb and 0.03N precipitation of primary Nb-particles starts at solid fractions 0.91. The results were also confirmed using the Scheil solidification calculator with Thermo-Calc program. Three batches containing 9, 4.7 and 0.16 wt% Ni were prepared in an open induction furnace and cast into sand moulds. The presence of primary Nb-particles, eutectic phases and heterogeneous nucleation particles on MnS non-metallic inclusions were observed in the microstructure using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. By lowering the Ni content in the solution, the solubility product of NbN increases and the proportion of primary particles are lower. During cooling the solubility of Nb-particles decreases, small NbCN precipitate on grain boundaries and on MnS non-metallic inclusions.

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Nitrogen Solubility in Liquid Fe–Nb, Fe–Cr–Nb, Fe–Ni–Nb and Fe–Cr–Ni–Nb Alloys

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Revealing the Removal Mechanism of Vanadium Addition on Nitrogen Pores in 30Cr15Mo1N High‐Nitrogen Steel Ingot

Revealing the Removal Mechanism of Vanadium Addition on Nitrogen Pores in 30Cr15Mo1N High‐Nitrogen Steel Ingot

Influence of Nickel on Niobium Nitride Formation in As-Cast Stainless Steels

Characterization of primary niobium particles in stainless steels with Different nickel contents

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