Nitrogen removal from digester supernatant via nitrite - SBR or SHARON?

Fux, C.; Lange, Katharina; Faessler, A; Huber, Philipp; Grueniger, B; Siegrist, Hansruedi

doi:10.2166/wst.2003.0447

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…In addition to competition for space and O 2 , single-cell activity could be affected by chemical inhibition. Free nitric acid is a well-known inhibitor of nitrification (2,15,45) and may control AOB activity and in turn also pH in biofilters (34): as NH 3 oxidation causes FNA to build up due to NO 2 Ϫ and H ϩ production, AOB activity results in self-inhibition, forcing a slowdown of the process until acid production is balanced by the continuous dissolution of NH 3 in the water. As a result, the filter water becomes a solution of ammonium nitrite maintained near neutral pH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Rate of Microbial Processes in an Ammonia-Loaded Air Filter Biofilm

Juhler

Revsbech

Schramm

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The in situ activity and distribution of heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria and their potential interactions were investigated in a full-scale, two-section, trickling filter designed for biological degradation of volatile organics and NH 3 in ventilation air from pig farms. The filter biofilm was investigated by microsensor analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, quantitative PCR, and batch incubation activity measurements. In situ aerobic activity showed a significant decrease through the filter, while the distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was highly skewed toward the filter outlet. Nitrite oxidation was not detected during most of the experimental period, and the AOB activity therefore resulted in NO 2 ؊ , accumulation, with concentrations often exceeding 100 mM at the filter inlet. The restriction of AOB to the outlet section of the filter was explained by both competition with heterotrophic bacteria for O 2 and inhibition by the protonated form of NO 2 ؊ , HNO 2 . Product inhibition of AOB growth could explain why this type of filter tends to emit air with a rather constant NH 3 concentration irrespective of variations in inlet concentration and airflow.Emissions of NH 3 , odorous organic gasses, and dust from pig facilities cause significant problems for neighbors and the surrounding natural environment. In Denmark, swine production accounts for 34% of the total atmospheric NH 3 emission, of which 50% originates from pig house emissions (19). Furthermore, multiple volatile and very odorous organic compounds are emitted with animal house exhaust air and constitute a severe nuisance in residential areas (16,31). While biofilters based on wood chips, compost, and peat have proven efficient in removing complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from piggery exhaust air, biotrickling filters have been shown to be efficient in both odor and NH 3 removal (30). In these filters, airborne VOC and NH 3 are taken up by an irrigated biofilm and oxidized by organoheterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria, respectively, resulting in the production of CO 2 , NO 2 Ϫ or NO 3 Ϫ , and microbial biomass (43). The nitrification process, which comprises the two-step oxidation of NH 3 via NO 2 Ϫ to NO 3 Ϫ , is catalyzed by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea and by nitriteoxidizing bacteria (NOB), respectively (22, 23). However, in many biotrickling filters, NOB activity seems to be absent, resulting in NO 2 Ϫ being the end product of nitrification (29). Waste products often accumulate in biotrickling filters, as the water is recycled many times to minimize wastewater discharge. In particular, NO 2 Ϫ may accumulate to concentrations above 100 mM (29), resulting in high levels of free nitrous acid (FNA, or HNO 2 ), which is inhibitory to many microorganisms (2, 40, 50). As a result of an overall countercurrent air-water flow, FNA, VOC, and NH 3 concentrations are expected to decrease from the filter air inlet toward the outlet, potentially promoting a gradient of microbial p...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Rate of Microbial Processes in an Ammonia-Loaded Air Filter Biofilm

Juhler

Revsbech

Schramm

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…An advantage of this system is that the sludge retention time is controlled by the hydraulic retention time. Therefore, in a system stabilized at 358C and with a hydraulic retention time of about 1 day, it is possible to maintain only AOB in the reactor (Fux et al, 2002(Fux et al, , 2003Hellinga et al, 1998). As the chemostat reactor is operated at a given hydraulic retention time, the designed volume of this process depends only on the wastewater flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the partial nitrification in sequencing batch reactor for biomass adapted to high ammonia concentrations

Pambrun

Paul

Spérandio

2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Partial nitrification has proven to be an economic way for treatment of industrial N-rich effluent, reducing oxygen and external COD requirements during nitrification/denitrification process. One of the key issues of this system is the intermediate nitrite accumulation stability. This work presents a control strategy and a modeling tool for maintaining nitrite build-up. Partial nitrification process has been carried out in a sequencing batch reactor at 30 degrees C, maintaining strong changing ammonia concentration in the reactor (sequencing feed). Stable nitrite accumulation has been obtained with the help of an on-line oxygen uptake rate (OUR)-based control system, with removal rate of 2 kg NH4 (+)-N x m(-3)/day and 90%-95% of conversion of ammonium into nitrite. A mathematical model, identified through the occurring biological reactions, is proposed to optimize the process (preventing nitrate production). Most of the kinetic parameters have been estimated from specific respirometric tests on biomass and validated on pilot-scale experiments of one-cycle duration. Comparison of dynamic data at different pH confirms that NH3 and NO2- should be considered as the true substrate of nitritation and nitratation, respectively. The proposed model represents major features: the inhibition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria by its substrate (NH3) and product (HNO2), the inhibition of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria by free ammonia (NH3), the INFluence of pH. It appears that the model correctly describes the short-term dynamics of nitrogenous compounds in SBR, when both ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers are present and active in the reactor. The model proposed represents a useful tool for process design and optimization.

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“…It is estimated that a maximum of 15-20% of the total nitrogen loading to the treatment plant can be recovered in the form of FNA from nitritation of digester liquor [32]. This represents an ample supply of renewable FNA that could be applied onsite for sludge treatment [33,34] or transported upstream for sewer applications [14].…”

Section: Economic Assessment For Fna Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Producing free nitrous acid – A green and renewable biocidal agent – From anaerobic digester liquor

Law

Wang

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Journal

101

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Recent studies have shown that free nitrous acid (FNA) at parts per million is strongly biocidal to a broad range of microorganisms involved in wastewater management. Applications have been developed, where FNA is used to deactivate anaerobic sewer biofilms thus suppressing sulfide and methane production in sewers, or to lyse secondary sludge resulting in reduced sludge production and enhanced biogas production. This study examines the feasibility of producing FNA from a waste stream namely the anaerobic sludge digestion liquor, thus providing a source of FNA for the above applications within wastewater systems. Complete nitritation was achieved in a lab scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating reject wastewater. Under stable operation, the system sustained more than 90% conversion of the 1.0 and 0.8 g NH 4 + -N/L contained in the synthetic and real digester liquor, respectively, to nitrite. Each liter of this nitrite rich effluent 2 could be acidified to pH 2 with only 66 mmole of H + , due to the low level of alkalinity in the effluent. This converts almost all of the nitrite to FNA providing an ample source of FNA for sewer and sludge pretreatment applications. Despite the high nitrite concentration in the reactor, minimal N 2 O was produced with an emission factor of 0.08% of the ammonium nitrogen converted. Finally, an economical assessment of a theoretical full-scale installation for FNA production was conducted and compared with the costs of producing this FNA from a commercial nitrite supply.

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Nitrogen removal from digester supernatant via nitrite - SBR or SHARON?

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution and Rate of Microbial Processes in an Ammonia-Loaded Air Filter Biofilm

Distribution and Rate of Microbial Processes in an Ammonia-Loaded Air Filter Biofilm

Modeling the partial nitrification in sequencing batch reactor for biomass adapted to high ammonia concentrations

Producing free nitrous acid – A green and renewable biocidal agent – From anaerobic digester liquor

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