NITROGEN POLLUTION: Sources and Consequences in the U.S. Northeast

Driscoll, Charles T.; Whitall, David R.; Aber, John D.; Boyer, E. W.; Castro, Mark S.; Cronan, Christopher S.; Goodale, Christine L.; Groffman, Peter M.; Hopkinson, Charles S.; Lambert, Kathleen F.; Lawrence, Gregory B.; Ollinger, Scott V.

doi:10.1080/00139150309604553

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The addition of hydrogen (H) ions (via acidification) can lower soil pH, thereby facilitating the mobilization of Al 3+ and base cations Ca, magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), absorbed to soil surfaces (Reuss & Johnson, 1986). Mobilization of Al 3+ has been associated with soil nutrient imbalances, toxicity or reduced growth in tree roots, and decreased plant productivity Driscoll et al, 2001Driscoll et al, , 2003Hall et al, 2001) through competitive inhibition of Ca, Mg, and zinc (Zn) in soil solution (Frelich, Bockheim, & Leide, 1988;Joslin, Kelly, & Van Miegroet, 1992;McLaughlin & Kohut, 1992;Watmough & Dillon, 2003). Critical threshold values for the amount of Al 3+ in relation to Ca (Al:Ca) or collective base cation (known as BC:Al), pH, and toxic Al 3+ concentrations are all measures of damage caused by acidification (Andersson, 1988;Cronan & Grigal, 1995;Raynal et al, 1990;Sverdrup, de Fries, & Henriksen, 1990).…”

Section: Acidification In the Terrestrial Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority (80-90%) of U.S. and European NH 3 emissions are from agricultural landmanagement practices including fertilizer application containing nitrogen in the form of NH 3 and the loss of NH 3 through animal manures (Anderson, Strader, & Davidson, 2003;Fangmeier et al, 1994). Ammonia and NH 4 + deposition also contributes to excess nitrogen in the environment through runoff, leaching, erosion, and gaseous emissions (Anderson et al, 2003;Driscoll et al, 2003). Frequently, more fertilizer is applied to the land than the can be assimilated by the vegetation and microbes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Overview of Nitrogen Critical Loads for Policy Makers, Stakeholders, and Industries in the United States

Fisher

Mays

Wylie

2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Acidification In the Terrestrial Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Nitrogen Critical Loads for Policy Makers, Stakeholders, and Industries in the United States

Fisher

Mays

Wylie

2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Nutrient delivery to coastal ecosystems from upstream catchments presents many eutrophic problems, often resulting in formation of significant anoxic zones Driscoll et al 2003;Galloway et al 2003Galloway et al , 2004Scavia and Bricker 2006;Schlesinger 2009). Freshwater degradation through eutrophic processes results in economic damages (Dodds et al 2009) as well as potential human health concerns (Heisler et al 2008;Sprague and Lorenz 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient concentrations in Maryland non-tidal streams

Morgan

Kline

2010

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using a spatially extensive database from the Maryland Biological Stream Survey (MBSS), we describe nutrient relationships of small-order, non-tidal streams to Maryland watershed basins, Maryland Tributary Strategy basins, and stream order. In addition, we estimate the number of stream km affected by nutrient loading, using derived nutrient criteria. Based on the MBSS spring water quality sampling, we determined several important factors relating to nutrient levels in non-tidal streams. There are strong linear relationships of nutrients to the percentage of agriculture and forested land present within MBSS sampling strata. Both mean total nitrogen (TN) and mean total phosphorus (TP) levels for watershed basins by stream order show exceedances of derived nutrient reference criteria for Maryland. Four Maryland basins have over 85% of their stream kilometers exceeding the TN criterion, with three basins over 90% of the TP criterion. To protect small stream integrity in Maryland, we recommend an upper stream TN criterion between 1.34 and 1.68 mg/L and an upper stream TP criterion between 0.025 and 0.037 mg/L, based on quantile analyses. Elevated levels of both TN and TP are present in non-tidal streams, with subsequent nutrient inputs into the upper freshwater tidal reaches of the Chesapeake Bay.

show abstract

“…This has interesting ramifications as we consider nutrient cycling in a world that is becoming highly altered by human activities, including processes that occur in soil (Richter et al, 2011;Brevik, 2012). For example, human interference in the N cycle through inputs such as fertilizers, production of N-fixing crops, and the addition of wastes to soil have been shown to have negative health effects (Driscoll et al, 2003).…”

Section: The Presentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 78 % of antibacterial agents and 60 % of new cancer drugs approved between 1983 and 1994 had their origins in the soil, as did about 60 % of all newly approved drugs between 1989(Pepper et al, 2009. In addition to the medicines derived from soils and soil organisms, it was also recognized that soil organisms could cause illness (e.g., Bagdasaryan, 1964;Duboise et al, 1976;Brown et al, 1979;Rowbotham, 1980;Hagedorn et al, 1981;Waldron, 1985;Gilles and Ball, 1991) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Soils and Human Health Prior To The 21st Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

The past, present, and future of soils and human health studies

Brevik

Sauer

2015

SOIL

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The idea that human health is tied to the soil is not a new one. As far back as circa 1400 BC the Bible depicts Moses as understanding that fertile soil was essential to the well-being of his people. In 400 BC the Greek philosopher Hippocrates provided a list of things that should be considered in a proper medical evaluation, including the properties of the local ground. By the late 1700s and early 1800s, American farmers had recognized that soil properties had some connection to human health. In the modern world, we recognize that soils have a distinct influence on human health. We recognize that soils influence (1) food availability and quality (food security), (2) human contact with various chemicals, and (3) human contact with various pathogens. Soils and human health studies include investigations into nutrient supply through the food chain and routes of exposure to chemicals and pathogens. However, making strong, scientific connections between soils and human health can be difficult. There are multiple variables to consider in the soil environment, meaning traditional scientific studies that seek to isolate and manipulate a single variable often do not provide meaningful data. The complete study of soils and human health also involves many different specialties such as soil scientists, toxicologists, medical professionals, anthropologists, etc. These groups do not traditionally work together on research projects, and do not always effectively communicate with one another. Climate change and how it will affect the soil environment/ecosystem going into the future is another variable affecting the relationship between soils and health. Future successes in soils and human health research will require effectively addressing difficult issues such as these.

show abstract

NITROGEN POLLUTION: Sources and Consequences in the U.S. Northeast

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

An Overview of Nitrogen Critical Loads for Policy Makers, Stakeholders, and Industries in the United States

An Overview of Nitrogen Critical Loads for Policy Makers, Stakeholders, and Industries in the United States

Nutrient concentrations in Maryland non-tidal streams

The past, present, and future of soils and human health studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About