Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effects on the incidence of <i>Striga asiatica</i> (L.) Kuntze in maize

Farina, M. P. W.; Thomas, Patrick; Channon, P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1985.tb00667.x

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…, 2008), our study shows for the first time that this increased in vitro germination also results in a higher S. hermonthica infection, as seen in our pot experiment (Table 1). Our results are in line with previous work, suggesting that S. hermonthica and S. asiatica infection can be decreased by adding N and P (Farina et al. , 1985; Raju et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in rice under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Jamil¹,

Charnikhova²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2011

Weed Research

123

104

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Jamil M, Charnikhova T, Cardoso C, Jamil T, Ueno K, Verstappen F, Asami T & Bouwmeester HJ (2011). Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in rice under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Weed Research51, 373–385. Summary Strigolactone exudation, as well as Striga hermonthica germination and attachment, was studied under different levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in two cultivars of rice (IAC 165 and TN 1). Exudation of strigolactones by rice was the highest under mineral‐deficient conditions, whereas increasing N and P dose reduced the amount of strigolactones in the exudates. Deficiency of P led to the highest strigolactone exudation, when compared with N or NP deficiency. Production of strigolactones differed strongly between the two cultivars. IAC 165 produced about 100‐fold higher amounts than TN 1 of 2′‐epi‐5‐deoxystrigol, orobanchol and three new strigolactones. Across all N and P treatments, a positive relationship was found between the amount of strigolactones in the exudates of both cultivars and in vitro S. hermonthica germination. These results show that the positive effect of fertiliser application in S. hermonthica control is, at least partly, because of the suppression of strigolactone production and hence of S. hermonthica germination and subsequent attachment. This warrants further research into practical application. Maintaining suitable N and P nutrient status of soil through fertiliser use might be a promising strategy to reduce damage in cereals by this notorious weed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in rice under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Jamil¹,

Charnikhova²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2011

Weed Research

123

104

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“…Seel et al (1993b) found no stimulation of the growth or the tissue K + concentrations of unnattached Rhinanthus fed 250 kg ha −" K + . Conversely, Farina et al (1985) found that K + fertilization (50-150 kg ha −" ) stimulated the growth of the obligate hemiparasite Striga asiatica in the field. In any case, the greatly improved uptake of nitrate must be accompanied by that of an accompanying cation, which in general is potassium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Simultaneous collection of xylem sap from Rhinanthus minor and the hosts Hordeum and Trifolium: hydraulic properties, xylem sap composition and effects of attachment

Seel

Jeschke

1999

New Phytologist

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The facultative hemiparasite Rhinanthus minor was grown alone, or with either Hordeum vulgare or Trifolium alpestre as a host. All plants were fed 5 mM nitrate. In the parasites, successful attachment led to dramatic increases in growth (particularly with barley as host) and in tissue concentrations of total N, NO $ − , H # PO % − and K + , as well as moderate increases in Cl − and SO % #−. Mg# + and Ca# + concentrations either remained unchanged, increased or decreased, depending on the host. Xylem sap was collected from leaf veins (barley) or the stem (Rhinanthus and clover), by applying pneumatic pressure to the rooted soil to raise the soil water potential so that in vivo xylem sap exuded from small incisions once the applied pressure balanced the tension exerted by transpiration. High balancing pressures were needed for unattached Rhinanthus, whereas simultaneous collection of xylem sap from attached Rhinanthus and its host, at a much lower balancing pressure, was possible only when the parasite was enclosed in polyethylene film and high transpiration abolished. From plots of xylem sap volume flow versus applied pressure, the hydraulic conductivity L p and the overall hydraulic resistance r were obtained. The value of r was high in unattached Rhinanthus and dramatically decreased by attachment to a host, highlighting the improved access to water gained by Rhinanthus when parasitizing a host. For the parasites, attachment resulted in greatly increased concentrations and solute flow rates in xylem of K + , NO $ − , H # PO % − and amino acids, and decreased concentrations of Ca# + and Mg# + . Estimates of NO $ − reduction in the parasite showed that 99 % was reduced in unattached plants, 85 % in those attached to clover and 52 % in those attached to barley. In the parasitized hosts, ion concentrations in xylem sap were somewhat increased relative to unparasitized controls. Conversely, xylem sap amino-acid concentrations in infected hosts were decreased. Glutamine (Gln) was the principal amino acid in xylem sap of unattached Rhinanthus, but after attachment to both hosts asparagine (Asn) predominated. In clover, Asn was the major transport amino acid, suggesting massive transfer of Asn from host to parasite. In unparasitized barley, however, Gln was the major xylem sap amino acid, but unexpectedly, in this species Asn was induced as the principal amino acid when parasitized. The results are discussed in terms of mutual host-parasite interactions.

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“…Work by Farina et al(1985) suggests that phosphorus is unlikely to play a key role in the response of Striga spp. to increasing fertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Davies¹,

Graves

2000

Oecologia

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The effects of phosphorus supply on the outcome of interactions between the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor L. with its host species Lolium perenne L. were investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Host plants were grown in 3-l pots in the presence and absence of R. minor at limiting (0.13 mM P) and optimal (0.65 mM P) concentrations of phosphorus for the growth of the host species. Phosphorus was supplied at 2-day intervals in the form of half-strength Long Ashton nitrate-based solution with phosphorus concentrations adjusted accordingly. Parasitism by R. minor significantly suppressed host growth, with final biomass losses ranging between 32% and 44%. Phosphorus supply had a marked impact on the outcome of the host-parasite interaction. By the end of the growing period, parasite biomass at 0.65 mM P was 90% lower than that achieved at 0.13 mM P. In contrast, host biomass at 0.65 mM P was 74% higher than achieved at 0.13 mM P, indicting that the negative impact of parasitism on the host species was reduced when phosphorus supply was increased. The effects of phosphorus on the host-parasite association appeared to be mediated by changes in both the morphological characteristics of the host roots and the relative sink strengths of the host and parasite.

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Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effects on the incidence of Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze in maize

Cited by 36 publications

References 6 publications

Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in rice under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in rice under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Simultaneous collection of xylem sap from Rhinanthus minor and the hosts Hordeum and Trifolium: hydraulic properties, xylem sap composition and effects of attachment

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

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