Nitrogen mineralization in marsh meadows in relation to soil organic matter content and watertable level

Hacin, Janez; Čop, J.; Mahne, Ivan

doi:10.1002/1522-2624(200110)164:5<503::aid-jpln503>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 30 publications

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“…The pooled soil contained 32% organic matter, 78% water, and had a pH (H 2 O) of 7.6. For a more detailed description of this soil see Hacin et al (2001).…”

Section: Site Description and Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wetland restoration and methanogenesis: the activity of microbial populations and competition for substrates at different temperatures

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Ljubljana marsh in Slovenia is a 16 000 ha area of partly drained fen, intended to be flooded to restore its ecological functions. The resultant water-logging may create anoxic conditions, eventually stimulating production and emission of methane, the most important greenhouse gas next to carbon dioxide. We examined the upper layer (∼30 cm) of Ljubljana marsh soil for microbial processes that would predominate in water-saturated conditions, focusing on the potential for iron reduction, carbon mineralization (CO 2 and CH 4 production), and methane emission. Methane emission from water-saturated microcosms was near minimum detectable levels even after extended periods of flooding (>5 months). Methane production in anoxic soil slurries started only after a lag period of 84 d at 15 • C and a minimum of 7 d at 37 • C, the optimum temperature for methanogenesis. This lag was inversely related to iron reduction, which suggested that iron reduction out-competed methanogenesis for electron donors, such as H 2 and acetate. Methane production was observed only in samples incubated at 14-38 • C. At the beginning of methanogenesis, acetoclastic methanogenesis dominated. In accordance with the preferred substrate, most (91%) mcrA (encoding the methyl coenzyme-M reductase, a key gene in methanogenesis) clone sequences could be affiliated to the acetoclastic genus Methanosarcina. No methanogens were detected in the original soil. However, a diverse community of iron-reducing Geobacteraceae was found. Our results suggest that methane emission can remain transient and low if water-table fluctuations allow reoxidation of ferrous iron, sustaining iron reduction as the most important process in terminal carbon mineralization.

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“…The pooled soil contained 32% organic matter, 78% water, and had a pH (H 2 O) of 7.6. For a more detailed description of this soil see Hacin et al (2001).…”

Section: Site Description and Field Samplingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wetland restoration and methanogenesis: the activity of microbial populations and competition for substrates at different temperatures

et al. 2009

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“…Various studies reported an annual N supply through peat mineralization of 70 to 292 kg N ha −1 yr −1 (Schothorst, 1977;Flessa et al, 1998;Sonneveld and Lantinga, 2011). It can be assumed that at a comparable aeration status and temperature, mineralization processes are more intensive at peatlands that were recently drained (Hacin et al, 2001;Renger et al, 2002;Sonneveld and Lantinga, 2011) or contain higher amounts of SOM. As expected from the literature, the biogas digestates differed in their physical and chemical properties from the cattle slurries.…”

Section: Drainage and Fertilizer Effects On N-availability And N-tranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effects of biogas digestate and cattle slurry application on greenhouse gas emissions affected by N availability from grasslands on drained fen peatlands and associated organic soils

Eickenscheidt

Freibauer²,

Heinichen

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

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Abstract.A change in German energy policy has resulted in a strong increase in the number of biogas plants in Germany. As a consequence, huge amounts of nutrient-rich residues, the by-products of the fermentative process, are used as organic fertilizers. Drained peatlands are increasingly used to satisfy the huge demand for fermentative substrates (e.g., energy crops, grass silage) and the digestate is returned to the peatlands. However, drained organic soils are considered as hot spots for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions and organic fertilization is additionally known to increase N 2 O emissions from managed grasslands. Our study addressed the questions (a) to what extent biogas digestate and cattle slurry application increase N 2 O and methane (CH 4 ) fluxes as well as the mineral nitrogen use efficiency (NUE min ) and grass yield, and (b) how different soil organic matter contents (SOMs) and nitrogen contents promote the production of N 2 O. In addition NH 3 volatilization was determined at one application event to obtain first clues with respect to the effects of soil and fertilizer types. The study was conducted at two sites within a grassland parcel, which differed in their soil organic carbon (SOC) and N contents. At each site (named C orgmedium and C org -high) three plots were established: one was fertilized five times with biogas digestate, one with cattle slurry, and the third served as control plot. On each plot, fluxes of N 2 O and CH 4 were measured on three replicates over 2 years using the closed chamber method. For NH 3 measurements we used the calibrated dynamic chamber method. On an annual basis, the application of biogas digestate significantly enhanced the N 2 O fluxes compared to the application of cattle slurry and additionally increased the plant N-uptake and NUE min . Furthermore, N 2 O fluxes from the C org -high treatments significantly exceeded N 2 O fluxes from the C org -medium treatments. Annual cumulative emissions ranged from 0.91 ± 0.49 to 3.14 ± 0.91 kg N ha −1 yr −1 . Significantly different CH 4 fluxes between the investigated treatments or the different soil types were not observed. Cumulative annual CH 4 exchange rates varied between −0.21±0.19 and −1.06 ± 0.46 kg C ha −1 yr −1 . Significantly higher NH 3 losses, NUE min and grass yields from treatments fertilized with biogas digestate compared to those fertilized with cattle slurry were observed. The total NH 3 losses following the splash plate application were 18.17 kg N ha −1 for the digestate treatments and 3.48 kg N ha −1 for the slurry treatments (36 and 15 % of applied NH

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“…Van Kekum (2004) reported annual N uptakes from unfertilized experimental fields on peatland soils in the Western part of the Netherlands that ranged from 176 kg N ha −1 for wet peatland soils to 302 kg N ha −1 for drained peatland soils. Schothorst (1977) even reported annual N uptakes from nonfertilized peatland soils exceeding 400 kg N ha −1 increase in the annual N supply (Hacin et al 2001;Renger et al 2002), which is most apparent in the first years after the start of drainage. Apart from N uptake, nitrous oxide emissions through denitrification are also considered to be a major pathway of N removal from intensively managed grasslands on peat soil (Regina et al 2004;Van Beek et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of mineralization to grassland N uptake on peatland soils with anthropogenic A horizons

Sonneveld

Lantinga

2010

Plant Soil

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Peatland soils contain large amounts of nitrogen (N) in the soil and mineralization can contribute substantially to the annual mineral N supply of grasslands. We investigated the contribution of N mineralization from peat with respect to the total annual N uptake on grasslands with anthropogenic A horizons and submerged tile drains. The study included i) a pot experiment to determine potential N mineralization from the topsoil and the subsoil, ii) a 1-year field experiment to study herbage yields and N uptake under fertilized and non-fertilized conditions and iii) a 3-year field study where herbage yield and N uptake from the top 30 cm and the entire soil profile were monitored. The 3-year field study yielded an average N uptake of 342 kgha −1 under non-fertilized conditions but the contribution of subsoil peat N mineralization to the total N uptake was found to be negligible. Our calculations demonstrate that peat N mineralization contributed only 10% to 30% to the total N-uptake, mainly coming from the top 30 cm. Most of the N uptake under unfertilized conditions appears to be largely the result of mineralization from long-term inputs of dung, ditch sludge, farmyard manure, cow slurry and non-harvested herbage.

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Nitrogen mineralization in marsh meadows in relation to soil organic matter content and watertable level

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Wetland restoration and methanogenesis: the activity of microbial populations and competition for substrates at different temperatures

Wetland restoration and methanogenesis: the activity of microbial populations and competition for substrates at different temperatures

Short-term effects of biogas digestate and cattle slurry application on greenhouse gas emissions affected by N availability from grasslands on drained fen peatlands and associated organic soils

The contribution of mineralization to grassland N uptake on peatland soils with anthropogenic A horizons

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