Nitrogen mineralization from organic amendments is variable but predictable

Lazicki, Patricia; Geisseler, Daniel; Lloyd, Margaret

doi:10.1002/jeq2.20030

Cited by 62 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A good understanding of the fertilizer mineralization temporal dynamics is also required to match nutrient release with crop needs and optimize nutrient use efficiency. Processed manures, such as compost, have a higher proportion of stable organic compounds that provide a gradual and steady release of N. Thus, a single application at pre-plant is recommended to allow enough time for these OFs to release mineral N [ 106 ]. On the other hand, to avoid large emissions of N 2 O, split applications are recommended for certain unprocessed manure-based OFs with high concentrations of inorganic N, such as liquid manure [ 12 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Organic Fertilizers On Nitrifying and Denitrifying Soil Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review

2021

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The use of organic fertilizers constitutes a sustainable strategy to recycle nutrients, increase soil carbon (C) stocks and mitigate climate change. Yet, this depends largely on balance between soil C sequestration and the emissions of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Organic fertilizers strongly influence the microbial processes leading to the release of N2O. The magnitude and pattern of N2O emissions are different from the emissions observed from inorganic fertilizers and difficult to predict, which hinders developing best management practices specific to organic fertilizers. Currently, we lack a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of OFs on the function and structure of the N cycling microbial communities. Focusing on animal manures, here we provide an overview of the effects of these organic fertilizers on the community structure and function of nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms in upland soils. Unprocessed manure with high moisture, high available nitrogen (N) and C content can shift the structure of the microbial community, increasing the abundance and activity of nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms. Processed manure, such as digestate, compost, vermicompost and biochar, can also stimulate nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms, although the effects on the soil microbial community structure are different, and N2O emissions are comparatively lower than raw manure. We propose a framework of best management practices to minimize the negative environmental impacts of organic fertilizers and maximize their benefits in improving soil health and sustaining food production systems. Long-term application of composted manure and the buildup of soil C stocks may contribute to N retention as microbial or stabilized organic N in the soil while increasing the abundance of denitrifying microorganisms and thus reduce the emissions of N2O by favoring the completion of denitrification to produce dinitrogen gas. Future research using multi-omics approaches can be used to establish key biochemical pathways and microbial taxa responsible for N2O production under organic fertilization.

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Section: Effects Of Organic Fertilizers On Nitrifying and Denitrifying Soil Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review

2021

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“…The C:N ratio is a good predictor of N mineralization and leaching risk [20]. Split application of high N fertilizer is encouraged to improve synchronization of N availability with crop demands [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate and Timing of Meat and Bone Meal Applications Influence Growth, Yield, and Soil Water Nitrate Concentrations in Sweet Corn Production

et al. 2021

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Using local resources and minimizing environmental impacts are two important components of sustainable agriculture. Meat and bone meal (MBM), tankage, is a locally produced organic fertilizer. This study was conducted to investigate the response of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Stuart.) and soil water nitrate (NO3-N) concentration to MBM application at two locations, Waimānalo and Poamoho, on the island of O’ahu. The objectives were to determine effects of six application rates (0, 112, 224, 336, 448 and 672 kg N ha−1) and two application timings (preplant and split application) on: (1) sweet corn growth, yield, and quality, and (2) soil water nitrate concentration within and below the root zone. The split-plot was designed as four replicates randomly arranged in a complete block. Plant growth of roots and shoots, yield, and relative leaf chlorophyll content of sweet corn increased with increasing application rates of MBM in both locations. At Poamoho, yield was 13.6% greater in preplant versus split application. Nitrate-nitrogen losses were reduced by 20% at Waimānalo and 40% at Poamoho when MBM was applied in split applications. These findings suggest that MBM is an effective nitrogen source for sweet corn and a split application of MBM may reduce the potential for pollution.

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“…Similarly, composts may be made from different types of green waste and manures. A challenge when applying these amendments is that their nutrient availability is often not known (Cassity-Duffey et al, 2020;Lazicki et al, 2020). Furthermore, the amount of nutrients available and the timing of when they become available may differ among materials from different suppliers and even across batches from the same supplier (Lazicki et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen mineralization from organic fertilizers and composts: Literature survey and model fitting

et al. 2021

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Organic fertilizers and composts are valuable sources of nutrients. However, their nutrient availability is often not known and can be variable. The objective of the present study was to collect net nitrogen (N) turnover data from peer-reviewed articles and fit a model that simulates gross N mineralization and gross N immobilization to determine pool sizes and their rate constants of different common organic amendments. A total of 113 datasets were included in the study. The model predicted that 61 and 72.5% of total N in feather meal and guano, respectively, would be in the mineral form after 100 d under optimal conditions. Nitrogen availability from poultry manure and poultry manure compost was lower. On average, 16-17% of total N was present as mineral N in the materials, whereas at the end of the 100-d simulation, 39.6 and 32.7% of total N from an average poultry manure and its compost, respectively, were in the mineral form. Yard waste compost and vermicompost are stable materials, with <10% of the total N in an average material being in the mineral form at the end of the 100-d simulation. Model simulations revealed that changes in the assumed temperature sensitivity of N mineralization have a strong effect on N availability of readily available organic amendments during the first weeks after incorporation. The model performed well for guano and feather meal but was unsatisfactory for the other amendment groups. Model performance may have been hampered by different incubation protocols used in the studies included and variability in amendment properties not considered by the model. The results of this study allow estimating the release of N from a variety of organic fertilizers and composts and can be a valuable tool to improve N management of organic amendments in crop production.

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Nitrogen mineralization from organic amendments is variable but predictable

Cited by 62 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review

Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review

Rate and Timing of Meat and Bone Meal Applications Influence Growth, Yield, and Soil Water Nitrate Concentrations in Sweet Corn Production

Nitrogen mineralization from organic fertilizers and composts: Literature survey and model fitting

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