Nitrogen Management in No-Tillage and Ridge-Tillage Systems Affects Short-Season Corn Grown on Claypan Soil

Sweeney, Daniel W.; Jardine, Douglas J.

doi:10.1094/cm-2004-0628-01-rs

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…If N deficiency occurs, stress at a specific point in the plant’s life cycle should have the greatest effect on the yield components determined at that specific growth stage. Specific corn grain yield components have been used for detailed assessments of effects associated with breeding programs, N management, and population stress (Iremiren and Milbourn, 1980; Karlen and Camp, 1985; Sweeney and Jardine, 2004; Van Roekel and Coulter, 2012; Ci et al, 2013, Mondo et al, 2013). Corn yield components contribute to grain yield as shown in Eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Management for High Population Corn Production in Wide and Narrow Rows

et al. 2014

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Recent trends of planting corn (Zea mays L.) at higher populations and in narrower rows could in uence optimum N management. is study investigates the e ects of N rates (0-224 kg ha -1 N plus a low rate of uniformly applied starter) and timing (at planting, V5-V7 sidedress) on corn in wide and narrow rows (76-102 cm vs. 38-51 cm) at 13 sites over 3 yr in North Carolina. Early season N uptake, grain yield, and yield components were measured. Delaying N until sidedress increased yields, but there was an interaction e ect with row spacing. Yields were greater with narrow rows and sidedress N (11.7 Mg ha -1 ) than with narrow rows and all N at planting (11.0 Mg ha -1 ) or with wide rows fertilized at either time (11.0 Mg ha -1 ), when averaged across N rates. ree ear yield components increased in response to N fertilization, leading to a 35% yield increase. Rows per ear increased from 15.5 to 15.9 ear -1 , kernels per row increased from 27 to 32 row -1 , and individual kernel mass increased from 226 to 253 mg. Aboveground plant N uptake by the V5 to V7 growth stage was only 9 kg ha -1 , with very little additional N uptake in response to higher N rates. Sidedress N application at V5 to V7 maximized the formation of the ear yield components and grain yield for high population corn in narrow rows, but N timing did not a ect yield or ear yield components of wide-row corn.

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Management for High Population Corn Production in Wide and Narrow Rows

et al. 2014

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“…2). Because the potential number of kernels per ear and ear size are generally determined at the V12 stage (Ritchie et al, 1993), greater early season N uptake by corn with ridge‐till than no‐till (V12) may partially explain greater yield and kernels per ear with ridge‐till, particularly in a higher yielding environment (Sweeney and Jardine, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall experiment was previously described in Sweeney and Jardine (2004) and is summarized here for the reader's benefit. The soil was a Zaar silty clay (fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Vertic Hapludoll) with approximately 30 cm of topsoil overlying a “claypan” B horizon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate corn response to tillage at uniform populations, corn was over‐seeded in 1997 and 1998 and plant stands were later thinned to 49,000 plants ha ‐1 at the V8 growth stage. Determination of yield components in 1997 and 1998 (Sweeney and Jardine, 2004) were as follows: duplicate measures of 100 kernels from a subsample of the plot yield were used to determine kernel weight, the number of ears in harvest rows kernel weight were counted prior to harvest to calculate the number of ears per plant, and the number of kernels per ear for each plot were calculated from yield and yield components.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Management and Uptake by Corn on No‐Till and Ridge‐Till Claypan Soil

Sweeney

Diaz

Jardine

2018

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Seasonal corn N uptake was greater with ridge-till than with no-till.• Increasing N fertilizer rate generally increased N uptake.• Nitrogen uptake at R4 was greater with banded applications than broadcast in no-till.• Increasing N uptake increased yield, primarily by increasing kernels per ear. ABSTRACTInformation on N management is limited regarding N uptake and recovery by corn (Zea mays L.) grown on claypan soils in the eastern Great Plains, especially in conservation tillage systems. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of fertilizer N rate (0, 34, 67, 101, and 134 kg ha -1 ) applied by surface broadcast, surface band (dribble), and subsurface band (knife) placement methods on N uptake by corn grown in no-till and ridge-till systems on a claypan soil. Ridge-till consistently increased corn N uptake compared with no-till by 53% early to 20% later during the growing season. Maximum N uptake rate was earlier in the season and greater with ridge-till than with no-till, perhaps helping to contribute to increased corn yields. Early in the season, corn N uptake was increased with low N fertilization rates, but not at higher rates. However, as the season progressed, N uptake increased with all rates. Even though the effect of N fertilizer placement on corn N uptake was not consistent during the entire season, by the R4 growth stage, placement did not affect N uptake in ridge-till but was nearly 20% greater with banded (dribble and knife) applications than with broadcasting in no-till. At low N rates, knife placement increased N uptake at R4, likely because of improved apparent N recovery, but was unaffected by placement at greater N rates. Improving total N uptake increased relative yield primarily by increasing kernels per ear, with lesser effects due to kernel weight and ears per plant.

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“…Again, this appeared to be a result of a similar increase in the number of kernels per ear. Compared with no N fertilization, N applied at optimum levels can nearly double the number of kernels per ear (24). Across a range of N levels, correlation showed that as kernels per ear increased, the yield of multiple corn lines also increased (18).…”

Section: N-p Fertilizer Timing and Placement Effects On Corn Yield Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilizer Management for Short-season Corn Grown in Reduced, Strip-till, and No-till Systems on Claypan Soil

2008

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Strip‐till is an alternative conservation tillage system that may overcome the yield depression often seen with corn (Zea mays L.) grown with no‐till on the claypan soils of the eastern Great Plains. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of conservation tillage systems and fertilizer N‐P management on short‐season corn. Continuous corn yields with no‐till, strip‐till in the fall, or strip‐till in the spring declined with year compared with corn grown with reduced tillage. By the third year, corn yields with reduced tillage exceeded 45 bu/acre more than with the other tillage systems. In part, this can be attributed to a reduced plant stand in no‐till and strip‐till systems. Average corn yield was about 10% greater when N‐P applications were made in the spring than in the fall. Similarly, knife (subsurface band) applications of N‐P resulted in about 12% greater yield than dribble (surface band). Yield differences due to fertilizer timing or placement were related to similar increases in the number of kernels per ear. Strip‐till done either in the fall or spring for corn grown in claypan soil did not improve yield compared with no‐till and may be less than yields with reduced tillage. Knife applications of N‐P fertilizer done in the spring may help mitigate this deficit if the producer prefers the conservation aspects of strip‐ or no‐till systems.

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Nitrogen Management in No-Tillage and Ridge-Tillage Systems Affects Short-Season Corn Grown on Claypan Soil

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Nitrogen Management for High Population Corn Production in Wide and Narrow Rows

Nitrogen Management for High Population Corn Production in Wide and Narrow Rows

Nitrogen Management and Uptake by Corn on No‐Till and Ridge‐Till Claypan Soil

Fertilizer Management for Short-season Corn Grown in Reduced, Strip-till, and No-till Systems on Claypan Soil

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