Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application surface broadcasting vs. injection

Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Mattila, Pirkko

doi:10.2137/145960610794197579

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…It comprises values between 4 % to almost 100 % (e.g. Pain et al, 1989;Braschkat et al, 1997;Génermont et al, 1998;Menzi et al, 1998;Huijsmans et al, 2001;Søgaard et al, 2002;Huijsmans et al, 2003;Misselbrook et al, 2002Misselbrook et al, , 2005aSanz et al, 2010;Spirig et al, 2010;Uusi-Kämppä and Mattila, 2010). The strong stickiness of the polar NH 3 molecule complicates measurements of ambient NH 3 concentrations (Parrish and Fehsenfeld, 2000;von Bobrutzki et al, 2010) and consequently fluxes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of field scale ammonia emissions for common slurry spreading practice with two independent methods

et al. 2011

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Abstract.At a cropland and a grassland site field scale ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions from slurry application were determined simultaneously by two approaches based on (i) eddy covariance (EC) flux measurements using high temperature Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (HT-CIMS) and on (ii) backward Lagrangian Stochastic (bLS) dispersion modelling using concentration measurements by three optical open path Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) systems. Slurry was spread on the fields in sequential tracks over a period of one to two hours. In order to calculate field emissions, measured EC/HT-CIMS fluxes were combined with flux footprint analysis of individual slurry spreading tracks to parameterise the NH 3 volatilisation with a bi-exponential time dependence. Accordingly, track-resolved concentration footprints for the FTIR measurements were calculated using bLS. A consistency test with concentrations measured by impingers showed very low systematic deviations for the EC/HT-CIMS results (<8 %) but larger deviations for the bLS/FTIR results. For both slurry application events, the period during fertilisation and the subsequent two hours contributed by more than 80 % to the total field emissions. Averaged over the two measurement methods, the cumulated emissions of the first day amounted to 17 ± 3 % loss of applied total ammoniacal nitrogen over the cropland and 16 ± 3 % over the grassland field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of field scale ammonia emissions for common slurry spreading practice with two independent methods

et al. 2011

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“…The timing of fertilization is important to avoid nutrient losses. Mineral fertilizer is usually applied at the beginning of the growing season in spring and manure after the first cut [81]. Compared to spring fertilization at the beginning of the growing season, autumn fertilization resulted in higher losses by volatilization, leaching, and denitrification due to more frequent precipitation events and lower N uptake by plants.…”

Section: Timing Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Manure Application and Herbivore Excreta on Plant and Soil Properties of Temperate Grasslands—A Review

Brummerloh,

Kuka

2023

Agronomy

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This review provides an overview of grassland studies on the effects of manure application and herbivore excreta on plant and soil properties in temperate grasslands. Grass biomass from grazing or mowing is mainly used for animal products such as milk or meat, as well as for energy or raw materials for biorefineries. Manure application or grazing has a significant impact on several plant and soil properties. There are effects on soil chemical properties, such as increased carbon sequestration, improved nutrient availability, and increased pH. Additionally, several physical soil properties are improved by manure application or grazing. For example, bulk density is reduced, and porosity and hydraulic conductivity are greatly improved. Some biological parameters, particularly microbial biomass and microbial and enzyme activity, also increase. The use of manure and grazing can, therefore, contribute to improving soil fertility, replacing mineral fertilizers, and closing nutrient cycles. On the other hand, over-application of manure and overgrazing can result in a surplus of nutrients over plant needs and increase losses through emission or leaching. The lost nutrients are not only economically lost from the nutrient cycle of the farm but can also cause environmental damage.

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“…Liquid cattle slurry has become an important fertilizer in grasslands across Europe, thereby often replacing former farmyard manure (Capriel 2013). Broadcast application has been the common application technique for slurry, but involves a range of environmental issues resulting from the low N use efficiency and high N losses induced by this fertilization technique (Thompson et al 1990;Misselbrook et al 1996Misselbrook et al , 2002Uusi-Kämppä & Mattila 2010;Lalor et al 2011;Zistl-Schlingmann et al 2019. These issues include high gaseous losses in form of ammonia (NH 3 ) and greenhouse gases (CH 4 , N 2 O) with their undesired impacts on air quality, human health and global warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of slurry acidification and injection on fertilizer nitrogen fates in grassland

Schreiber

Bazaios

Ströbel

et al. 2022

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Low nitrogen (N) use efficiency of broadcast slurry application leads to nutrient losses, air and water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and—in particular in a warming climate—to soil N mining. Here we test the alternative slurry acidification and injection techniques for their mitigation potential compared to broadcast spreading in montane grassland. We determined (1) the fate of 15N labelled slurry in the plant-soil-microbe system and soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases over one fertilization/harvest cycle and (2) assessed the longer-term contribution of fertilizer 15N to soil organic N formation by the end of the growing season. The isotope tracing approach was combined with a space for time climate change experiment. Simulated climate change increased productivity, ecosystem respiration, and net methane uptake irrespective of management, but the generally low N2O fluxes remained unchanged. Compared to the broadcast spreading, slurry acidification showed lowest N losses, thus increased productivity and fertilizer N use efficiency (38% 15N recovery in plant aboveground plant biomass). In contrast, slurry injection showed highest total fertilizer N losses, but increased fertilization-induced soil organic N formation by 9–12 kg N ha−1 season−1. Slurry management effects on N2O and CH4 fluxes remained negligible. In sum, our study shows that the tested alternative slurry application techniques can increase N use efficiency and/or promote soil organic N formation from applied fertilizer to a remarkable extent. However, this is still not sufficient to prevent soil N mining mostly resulting from large plant N exports that even exceed total fertilizer N inputs.

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Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application surface broadcasting vs. injection

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Determination of field scale ammonia emissions for common slurry spreading practice with two independent methods

Determination of field scale ammonia emissions for common slurry spreading practice with two independent methods

The Effects of Manure Application and Herbivore Excreta on Plant and Soil Properties of Temperate Grasslands—A Review

Impacts of slurry acidification and injection on fertilizer nitrogen fates in grassland

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