Nitrogen interstitial diffusion induced decomposition in AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel

On the Nitrogen Diffusion in a Duplex Stainless Steel

“…By comparing the values of the coefficients of Table 2 and those reported in literature for austenitic stainless steel, it can be seen that the diffusion coefficients found in this study to austenite even with different microstructure are similar to those found in the literature 8,[13][14][15] , they are of the same order of magnitude. Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) have excellent corrosion resistance properties and poor wear resistance.…”

From Micro to Nano Scales -Recent Progress in the Characterization of Nitrided Austenitic Stainless Steels

“…increase of the case depth from 1 µm to 5 µm and the maximum nitrogen concentration from 22 at% to 32 at% when the nitrogen dos rate was increased from 0.44 to 0.63 mA·cm -2 . Similar gradients of decreasing nitrogen concentration have also been reported by other researchers [33,36,37]. Asgari et al measured the nitrogen concentrations at different depths of pulsed plasma nitride 316L stainless steel, and found decreased nitrogen concentration from 23.35% at the as-nitrided surface to 17.71 and 15.47 at% after 3 and 15 seconds of electro-polishing respectively.…”

“…Several sputtering based spectroscopic analyses are available to measure the concentration and depth profile of nitrogen in nitrided surfaces, including Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) [26][27][28], Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) [29][30][31][32][33][34], secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) [35], and nuclear reaction analysis [32,36]. As an example, Wu et al employed Auger electron spectroscopy to analyse the depth profiles of nitrogen concentration of AISI 316L steel sample which were gas-nitrided for 20 hours at different temperatures of 350°C, 420°C, 440°C and 450°C [28].…”

Effect of Nitriding Time on the Structural Evolution and Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Nitrided Using High Power Pulsed DC Glow Discharge Ar/N2 Plasma

“…High density defects, including dislocations and stacking faults, are also observed as a result of lattice expansion induced plastic deformation. The supersaturated nitrogen atoms preferentially bond to the Cr atoms to form nano-scale Cr-N clusters, whereas the Ni atoms and a fraction of the Fe atoms still exhibit metallic bonds.In the view of modern materials science, the expanded austenite can be classified as a nano-composite medium consisting of Cr-N clusters dispersed in a Fe-Cr-Ni-N matrix [22,30] . In particular, the Cr-N clusters are short range ordered ionic compounds having coherent lattice relations to the f.c.c.…”

“…The structure of nitrided stainless steel depends strongly on the nitriding temperature. If sufficient atom diffusion mobility is provided at a relatively high process temperature, the nitrided layer comprises a multi-phase structure of chromium nitride (CrN and/or Cr2N), iron nitride, and the metallic ferrite phase [28][29][30] . Such a multi-phase structure possesses high hardness and excellent wear resistance, whereas the corrosion resistance is poor due to the preferential corrosion of the metallic phase.…”