Nitrogen fractions and soluble carbohydrates in italian ryegrass. I—Effects of soil temperature, form and level of nitrogen

Nowakowski, T. Z.; Cunningham, Robert K.; Nielsen, K. F.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740160302

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our data show some differences in the total protein content of the leaves treated with different concentrations of the nutrient solution, and higher values in the plants treated with NH4. This result agrees with that of NOWAKOWSKI et al (1965), where grass fertilized with NH4 had a larger percentage of total nitrogen as protein-nitrogen than the grass treated with NO3 which shows that NH4 was used more efficiently for protein synthesis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The Influence of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Fusarium Root‐rot Disease of Winter Wheat Seedlings

Rowaished

1981

Journal of Phytopathology

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The Influence of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Fusarium Root‐rot Disease of Winter Wheat Seedlings

Rowaished

1981

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Ryegrass with 100 lb/acre of fertilizer-N as ammonium sulphate contained significantly more N/acre at flowering than with any other treatment, because N was significantly more concentrated, as found by Nowakowski, Cunningham & Nielsen (1965). They suggested that ryegrass uses ammonium -N more efficiently than nitrate-N for protein synthesis, because ryegrass grown in the glasshouse had more of the total-N as protein-N when given ammonium than given nitrate.…”

Section: Effects Of Forms Of Fertilizer-n On Growthmentioning

confidence: 85%

The effect of ammonium sulphate treated with a nitrification inhibitor, and calcium nitrate, on growth and N-uptake of spring wheat, ryegrass and kale

Spratt

Gasser

1970

J. Agric. Sci.

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Wheat, ryegrass and kale were grown with ammonium sulphate (treated with a nitrification inhibitor) or calcium nitrate supplying 50 and 100 lb N/acre, and without fertilizer-N. Plants were sampled at various stages, dry weights measured, percentage N determined and N uptakes calculated.Initially wheat and ryegrass grew better and took up more N with ammonium fertilizer than with nitrate. Final yields of dry matter did not differ between forms. Kale produced more dry matter with calcium nitrate than with ammonium sulphate. All crops produced more dry matter with fertilizer-N than without. Fertilized crops contained greatest weights of N 109 days after sowing, when wheat and ryegrass had more with ammonium than with nitrate and kale had less. The 50 lb N/acre as calcium nitrate produced the most wheat grain/lb of fertilizer-N.During the period when growth and N uptake were fastest, wheat grew faster with ammonium than with nitrate, ryegrass grew similarly with both forms, and kale faster with nitrate; wheat and ryegrass took up N faster from ammonium sulphate and kale from calcium nitrate.Mature wheat recovered 58 % of the fertilizer-N from calcium nitrate and 43 % from ammonium sulphate. After 21 weeks of growth, kale recovered more N from calcium nitrate (50%) than from ammonium sulphate (24%), whereas grass recovered about 40 % from each.

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“…However, the present nitrate-nitrogen contents were, on average, slightly lower, which could be explained by the associated carbohydrate contents being higher. Nowakowski, Cunningham & Nielsen (1965) suggested that the main cause of nitrate accumulation in herbage at high nitrogen rates was the small amount of carbohydrate available for nitrate reduction. Several studies showing a close negative correlation between carbohydrate content and nitrate accumulation were reviewed by Wright & Davidson (1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a wide range of nitrogen rates on some chemical constituents of the herbage from perennial ryegrass swards with and without white clover

Reid

Strachan

1974

J. Agric. Sci.

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Selected herbage samples from a 6-year experiment in which nitrogen rates between 0 and 897 kg/ha were applied annually on perennial ryegrass swards were analysed for nitrate-nitrogen, true-protein and non-protein nitrogen, water-soluble carbohydrate, potassium and sodium content and for amino acid composition. The nitratenitrogen content of the herbage increased with increasing nitrogen rate from 224 kg/ha upwards, but the potentially toxic level of 220 mg/100 g dry matter was not reached until the annual nitrogen rate was about 560 kg/ha. On average, at the 897 kg nitrogen/ ha rate the non-protein nitrogen content had increased to 27-5 % of the total nitrogen yield, and 40-3 % of the non-protein nitrogen yield consisted of nitrate nitrogen. Nitrate content was shown to be a sensitive indicator of the level of nitrogen nutrition of the herbage, the optimum nitrogen rate for dry-matter production coinciding with a nitrate-nitrogen content of approximately 100 mg/100 g dry matter. The amino acid composition of the herbage varied little with either the rate of nitrogen or the date of cutting. It was demonstrated that, on average, a 1 % unit increase in the crude-protein content of the herbage was accompanied by a 1 % unit decrease in the carbohydrate content. The sodium content of the herbage increased with increasing nitrogen rate up to between 448 and 560 kg/ha, but the potassium content showed little variation. INTRODUCTIONs t a g e o f 8 r o w t h o n e a c h occasion > and t h e yields of herbage dry matter and crude protein were deterThe yield results have been reported (Reid, 1970(Reid, , mined. 1972) for a 6-year experiment designed to obtain Herbage samples were analysed for nitratedetailed information on the response curves relating nitrogen, water-soluble carbohydrate, potassium herbage dry-matter and crude-protein yields to and sodium content from all replicates of nine nitrogen application rate on perennial ryegrass nitrogen treatments (0, 112...897 kg nitrogen/ha) swards with and without white clover. To supple-on both the grass and clover and the pure-grass ment this information selected herbage samples swards at all cuts in the first, third and sixth years, from the experiment were analysed for nitrate-True-protein and non-protein nitrogen analyses nitrogen, true protein and non-protein nitrogen,' were made on samples from all replicates of five water-soluble carbohydrate, potassium and sodium nitrogen treatments (0, 224...897 kg nitrogen/ha) content, and amino acid composition.on the pure-grass sward only at all cuts in the 3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE y e a r S ' ^nd amino-acid analyses on samples from one replicate of the same five nitrogen treatments The treatments, design and methods were de-on the pure-grass sward at all cuts in the third year scribed in an earlier paper (Reid, 1970). Briefly, a only. series of 21 nitrogen rates ranging from 0 to For the nitrate-nitrogen analysis 1 g of dried 897 kg/ha was applied in five equal dressings each sample was extracted with 80 ml boiling water for yea...

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Nitrogen fractions and soluble carbohydrates in italian ryegrass. I—Effects of soil temperature, form and level of nitrogen

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

The Influence of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Fusarium Root‐rot Disease of Winter Wheat Seedlings

The Influence of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Fusarium Root‐rot Disease of Winter Wheat Seedlings

The effect of ammonium sulphate treated with a nitrification inhibitor, and calcium nitrate, on growth and N-uptake of spring wheat, ryegrass and kale

The effects of a wide range of nitrogen rates on some chemical constituents of the herbage from perennial ryegrass swards with and without white clover

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