Nitrogen-Fixing Activity of Root Nodules in Relation to Their Size in Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.)

Tajima, Ryosuke; Lee, O New; Abe, Jun; Lee, Alexander; Morita, Shigenori

doi:10.1626/pps.10.423

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Also, a three-way ANOVA was used for nodule weight, but we suggest that nodule number (number of infection points) is a better representation of the amount of nitrogen fixation by R. pseudoacacia, because a previous study showed nodule nitrogen-fixing activity is the highest for mid-size nodules (1-2 mm), which are the most frequent size of nodules. Moreover, the nitrogen fixation activity does not increase as size of the nodules increases for nodules that are larger than the mid-size category (Tajima et al 2007). Thus, increased size of the nodule does not represent effectively the amount of nitrogen fixed by the nodule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Interactions between seedlings of the invasive treeAilanthus altissimaand the native treeRobinia pseudoacaciaunder low nutrient conditions

Bao

Nilsen

2015

Journal of Plant Interactions

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The allelopathic effect of A. altissima and the nitrogen fixing ability of R. pseudoacacia make the interaction between these two species important to community dynamics. A replacement series greenhouse experiment was used to investigate the type of interaction between seedlings of A. altissima and R. pseudoacacia at high and low soil nutrition states. Also, seeds of A. altissima from its native (China) and invasive ranges (USA) were used to compare the effect of the different seed sources on the interaction with R. pseudoacacia. Robinia pseudoacacia was the better competitor. The presence of A. altissima significantly inhibited nodulation of R. pseudoacacia roots. In summary, in low nutrient early succession sites, seedlings of R. pseudoacacia and A. altissima will coexist and R. pseudoacacia will be the better competitor. However, A. altissima can increase its competitive ability by inhibiting nitrogen fixation by R. pseudoacacia. Differences between the competitive ability of the Chinese and US seed lots of A. altissima did not support the rapid evolution theory for invasive species success.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Interactions between seedlings of the invasive treeAilanthus altissimaand the native treeRobinia pseudoacaciaunder low nutrient conditions

Bao

Nilsen

2015

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…viciae that induced very large nodules led to reduced N accumulation in shoots (Laguerre et al 2007). In peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), the highest N 2 -fixing activity of root nodules was found in medium size nodules at flowering stage (Tajima et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

et al. 2009

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High CO 2 has been shown to increase plant growth and to affect symbiotic activity in many legumes species, including soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). In order to assess the interaction between elevated CO 2 and rhizobial symbionts on soybean growth and nodulation, we combined the effects of CO 2 with those of different bradyrhizobial strains and methods of inoculation. Soybean seeds were sown in agricultural soil in pots and inoculated with three strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (5Sc2 and 12NS14 indigenous to Quebec soils, and 532c, a reference strain), the inoculum being either applied directly to the seed or incorporated into the soil. Plants were grown in growth chambers (22/17ºC) for 6 weeks, under either near ambient (400 μmol mol −1 ) or elevated (800 μmol mol −1 ) concentrations of CO 2. Elevated CO 2 increased mass (63%) and number (50%) of soybean nodules, particularly medium and large, allowed a deeper nodule development, and increased shoot dry weight (+30%), shoot C uptake (+33%) and shoot N uptake (+78%), compared to ambient CO 2 . The two indigenous strains induced more medium and large nodules under elevated CO 2 than the reference strain and showed the greatest increases in shoot dry weight. Soil inoculation induced higher number of small nodules than seed inoculation, specifically for the two indigenous strains, but did not affect plant growth parameters. We conclude that soybean yield enhancements due to elevated CO 2 are associated with the production of large and mediumsize nodules and a deep nodulation, that the two indigenous strains better respond to elevated CO 2 than the reference strain, and that the method of inoculation has little influence on this response.

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“…The current results indicate that nodule surface area was enhanced in both conservation tillage treatments (Strip and Strip/HRC), regardless of whether the tillage operation was performed one month prior or at planting. Because of the strong relationship between nodule size and N-fixation rates (Purcell et al, 1997;King and Purcell, 2001;Voisin et al, 2003;Tajima et al, 2007), this result indicates a possible advantage of conservation tillage systems through enhancement of N-fixation rates as a whole. However, because the data was relatively limited in scope and primarily aimed at evaluating the use of the minirhizotron technique in different tillage systems, these results require further study and confirmation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, conservation tillage systems that provide limited soil mixing may have lower nutrient levels at deeper depths which may actually help increase the N-fixing activity of nodules within these regions because the nutrient concentrations would rarely reach inhibitory levels (Virginia et al, 1986). Nodule size is known to have a direct impact on N fixation (Voisin et al, 2003;Tajima et al, 2007) particularly under stress conditions (King and Purcell, 2001). Large nodules may have amplified N fixation activity in comparison to small nodules due to a greater phloem supply (Purcell et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been estimated for soybean that, by volume, 25% of a 2 mm diameter nodule is infected, while a 4 mm diameter nodule has 60% infected tissue indicating greater relative N fixation ability (King and Purcell, 2001). In general, peanut has smaller nodules than soybean, but higher overall N fixing activity (Tajima et al, 2007). This size range was similar to that found in the current study where most peanut nodules were approximately 2 mm 2 in surface area, translating to a 1.4 mm diameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visualization of Peanut Nodules and Seasonal Nodulation Pattern in Different Tillage Systems Using a Minirhizotron System

et al. 2015

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Nodulation is essential for providing the nitrogen (N) needs of peanut, but little is known about the time course of nodule development with soil depth in a field production system. A minirhizotron system allows for non-destructive, periodic digital imaging of identical locations in the crop root system in situ, including the associated nodules. Because the system allows imaging at the same location over time, individual nodule development and subsequent senescence can be followed throughout the growing season. To test the proof of concept for the use of a minirhizotron system to observe peanut nodule development, a case study was conducted in 2012 in Citra, FL in a sod-based production system managed with both conservation and conventional tillage at two different timings. Images were taken to a soil depth of 90 cm on four dates during the growing season, and nodule number, surface area, and senescence were determined. Most nodules occurred at depths spanning 5-30 cm with very few outside of this range; however, individual nodules were noted as deep as 90 cm. In this case study, tillage operation and timing had no impact on the total number of nodules produced, and the peak seasonal nodule number was formed relatively early in the season (9 July -61 days after planting) and stayed constant until harvest. Nodule number varied by soil depth with the majority of nodules formed in the 0-20 cm depth. Nodule surface area was impacted by tillage type with conservation tillage treatments having larger nodule size (average 2.6 mm 2 ) than nodules in conventional tillage (1.9 mm 2 ). Maximum nodule surface area was achieved by midseason on 1 August. This study gave a unique visual assessment of nodule development for field grown peanut over time and provided data that has rarely been reported. In addition, this study also illustrated that the minirhizotron technique could be successfully utilized in studies examining the development of nodules in peanut and would likely be applicable for similar studies in other legume crops.The nitrogen fixation process in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is essential for providing nitrogen (N) for the crop throughout the season, as it delivers from 50-80% of the total N required by the plant (Boddey et al., 1990)

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Nitrogen-Fixing Activity of Root Nodules in Relation to Their Size in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Interactions between seedlings of the invasive treeAilanthus altissimaand the native treeRobinia pseudoacaciaunder low nutrient conditions

Interactions between seedlings of the invasive treeAilanthus altissimaand the native treeRobinia pseudoacaciaunder low nutrient conditions

Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

Visualization of Peanut Nodules and Seasonal Nodulation Pattern in Different Tillage Systems Using a Minirhizotron System

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