Nitrogen fertilizer influence on winter wheat yield and yield components depending on soil tillage and forecrop

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the main crops grown in Latvia. Nitrogen fertilizer is one of the most important factors affecting the acquired yield and its quality. The aim of this paper is to describe the nitrogen fertilization impact on winter wheat yield and yield components under two soil tillage systems and after two forecrops. Field trials were carried out at Research and Study farm 'Peterlauki' of Latvia University of Agriculture (56° 30.658°C N and 23° 41.580°C E) in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Researched factors were (1) crop rotation (continuous wheat and wheat/oilseed rape (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera), (2) soil tillage (traditional soil tillage with mould-board ploughing at a depth of 22 -24 cm and reduced soil tillage with disc harrowing at a depth below 10 cm), and (3) nitrogen fertilizer rate (N0 or control, N60, N90, N120(90+30), N150(90+60), N180(90+60+30), N210(90+70+50), and N240(120+60+60). Results showed that the nitrogen fertilization significantly increased winter wheat grain yield after both forecrops and in both soil tillage variants. Grain yield significantly increased until the nitrogen fertilizer rate N180. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected all tested yield components. Values of yield components increased enhancing N-rate of N150 -N180. The forecrop had a significant impact on wheat yield and 1000 grain weight (both increased when wheat was sown after oilseed rape). Yield and grain number per ear were significantly higher when conventional tillage was used, but number of ears per m 2 -when the reduced tillage was used.

Productivity of Wheat As Affected by Chelated and Nano Zinc Foliar Application and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels تأثر إنتاجیة القمح بالرش الورقی بالزنک المخلبی والنانو ومستویات السماد النیتروجینی

“…In addition, nitrogen stimulates the plant to consume other activating elements, thus improving growth measures and all yield components and grain yields per unit area. Such reports are in clear compliance with those of Kandil et al (2016), Litke et al (2017), Mosanaei et al (2017), Seadh et al (2017), Belete et al (2018), Imdad Ullah et al (2018 and Liu et al (2019).…”

“…All plant biochemical processes are regulated primarily by nitrogen and its associated compounds, which are important for wheat growth and development. (Kandil et al, 2016 ;Litke et al, 2017 ;Mosanaei et al, 2017 ;Seadh et al, 2017 ;Belete et al, 2018 ;Imdad Ullah et al, 2018 andLiu et al, 2019). Therefore, one of the beneficial factors for growing wheat growth and productivity is the need to apply the required amount of nitrogen.…”

The Effect of Various Tillage Systems on Productivity of Narrow-Leaved Lupin-Winter Wheat-Winter Triticale-Winter Barley Rotation

“…Some authors claim that non-inversion tillage has no effect on the yield of cereals [11,[43][44][45][46]. Others have shown decreased cereal yield under no-ploughing conditions [47][48][49][50]. Some studies have found an increase in cereal yield in reduced and no-tillage soil tillage systems [40,[51][52][53].…”

The long-term effect of legumes as forecrops on the productivity of rotation (winter rape-winter wheat-winter wheat) with nitrogen fertilization

“…For example, the study of Ruža et al (2012) on the effect of N-fertilization rate showed that the grain yield of winter wheat increased until the rate of 120-150 kg N/ha, but the grain quality increased until the rate of 180 kg N/ha. Litke et al (2017) showed that grain yield of winter wheat significantly increased until the nitrogen fertilizer rate of 180 kg N/ha after both forecrops (winter wheat and winter rape). For economic and ecological reasons, excessive fertilizer N-input to cropping systems is critical.…”