Nitrogen Fertilization of Reed Canarygrass and Its Effects on Production and Mineral Element Content

Dean, J. R.; Clark, Kenneth W.

doi:10.4141/cjps72-052

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Fertilization with 640 kg Njha increased K levels by 8 and 10% in the vegetative and 7 and 6% in the floral tillers; increased Ca levels by 7 and 3% in vegetative and 12 and 13% in floral tillers; and increased Mg levels by 5 and 5% in vegetative and 6 and 13% in floral tillers of western wheatgrass and green needlegrass, respectively, over levels in the check treatment. These results are similar to those reported for other grasses and forages (1,14,16).…”

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confidence: 92%

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹

Halvorson¹,

White

1981

Agronomy Journal

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Nitrogen fertilization has been found to increase forage production of range grasses in the northern Great Plains; however, little information is available as to how N fertilization may affect the mineral composition of the forage. Our objective was to determine the effects of N fertilization on the levels of P, K, Ca, and Mg, and the grass tetany proneness of the vegetative and floral tillers of western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii) and green needlegrass (Stipa viridula) throughout the growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 kg N/ha) was applied in a completely randomized design to each grass species in a calcareous silt loam (Typic Haploboroll). Plant samples were collected on 10 and 11 sampling dates in 1973 and 1974, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization generally increased Ca, Mg, K, and ash alkalinity and generally had little effect on the P levels of the forage; however, the absolute changes caused by N fertilization were very small and of little practical significance. Except for K and P, the level of each nutrient generally increased significantly in each grass as the growing season progressed from April to October. Season or growth stage had more effect than did N fertilization on forage nutrient content. Floral tillers had lower levels of each nutrient than did the vegetative tillers. The Mg and P contents of both the floral and vegetative tillers of both grasses were often < 0.2%. Therefore, supplementation of Mg and P to grazing livestock may be required. The potential for grass tetany, according to the K/(Ca + Mg) ratio of the forage and blood serum Mg estimates, was highest during April and May for both grasses. Western wheatgrass tended to have a greater potential for causing tetany than green needlegrass early in the growing season. Time of harvest and percentage of vegetative and floral tillers can greatly affect the concentration of K, P, Mg, and Ca in the forage. In general, the earlier the harvest, the higher the nutritional value of the forage.

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confidence: 92%

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹

Halvorson¹,

White

1981

Agronomy Journal

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“…Orchardgrass and reed canarygrass generally had the highest seasonal forage yields on both spring‐applied N treatments with second‐cut forage yield increases averaging 235% vs. no N. Strong linear relationships between N level and increased forage yield were observed with up to 672 kg N ha −1 for reed canarygrass (Dean and Clark, 1972) and up to 560 kg N ha −1 for orchardgrass (Mortensen et al, 1964) Higher N uptake of reed canarygrass and orchardgrass relative to other cultivars contributes to their high forage yields (Marten et al, 1979)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Yield Distribution of Cool‐Season Grasses following Winter Defoliation

et al. 2000

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monly referred to as the summer slump. This poor seasonal growth distribution is a common challenge faced Graziers in southeastern USA often stockpile forage in late summer by graziers, forcing them to buy feed or rely on stored to extend the grazing season and reduce feeding costs. The effect of forages. If spring yields are distributed over a larger winter grazing on the following growing seasons production in the window of time, graziers may be able to manage the upper Midwest has not been reported. This study was conducted to determine the consequential forage yield and persistence of several growth more easily and utilize the vegetative growth cool-season grasses following various winter defoliation and N fertilmore efficiently. In addition to staggering spring growth ization treatments in the upper Midwest. Grass cultivars included early by using winter defoliation, strategic applications of N and late-maturing orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), quackgrass may provide an opportunity to spread spring growth [Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski], reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaover a longer period of time than is typical of the cea L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall fescue (Fesspring flush. tuca arundinacea Schreb.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). Octo-An objective of this study was to determine the conseber, December, or March defoliation generally did not affect seasonal quential forage yield of seven cool-season grasses folforage yield except when early spring growth preceded March defolia-

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“…Values in parenthesis present the second harvest in the two-cut system. Some evidence exists for an efficient internal nitrogen recycling mechanism from shoots to roots [162]. Recommended rates are 40 kg nitrogen/ha in the seeding year and 100 kg/ha in subsequent years [156,163].…”

Section: Eastern Gamagrass (Tripsacum Dactyloides): a Cellulosic Candmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbaceous crops with potential for biofuel production in the USA.

Lemus¹,

Parrish²

2009

CABI Reviews

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World energy demand is straining energy supplies and spurring the search for alternative energy sources-especially transportation fuels. Ethanol produced from cellulosic feedstock has been called a 'second-generation' biofuel. (Ethanol made from maize and sugarcane represents a 'firstgeneration' biofuel.) When choosing a cellulosic species for fuel production, one must consider the type of fuel desired, the economics of producing the crop on a large scale, the system's energy balance and environmental effects. With suitable conversion technologies, cellulosic materials from maize, eastern gamagrass, giant reed (fibre cane), Miscanthus, reed canarygrass, sorghums, sugarcane and switchgrass might be used to produce biofuels in the USA and other non-arid, subtropical or temperate locations. Each of these species has characteristics that make it more or less suitable in particular situations. Because of generally reduced input requirements, perennial species might be favoured. Biofuel production systems can mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by offsetting fossil fuel use and by sequestering carbon into the soil. The amount of GHG reduction depends on crop yields, conversion efficiencies, and net energy and carbon balances associated with each feedstock source.

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Nitrogen Fertilization of Reed Canarygrass and Its Effects on Production and Mineral Element Content

Abstract: The efiect of eight rates of N up to 672 Strongly lineal relations (P : 0.01) were kg/ha on the production of dry maiter (i-lrvlr

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹

Seasonal Yield Distribution of Cool‐Season Grasses following Winter Defoliation

Herbaceous crops with potential for biofuel production in the USA.

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Nitrogen Fertilization of Reed Canarygrass and Its Effects on Production and Mineral Element Content

Abstract: The efiect of eight rates of N up to 672 Strongly lineal relations (P : 0.01) were kg/ha on the production of dry maiter (i-lrvlr

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass1

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass1

Seasonal Yield Distribution of Cool‐Season Grasses following Winter Defoliation

Herbaceous crops with potential for biofuel production in the USA.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹

Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Seasonal Ca, Mg, P, and K Levels of Western Wheatgrass and Green Needlegrass¹