Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn

Borghi, Émerson; Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa; Nascente, Adriano Stephan; Costa, Ciniro; Mateus, Gustavo Pavan

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832014000500011

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is an indication that the N applied at the beginning of the corn growing season was used primarily by the corn crop, which extracted quantities of 180 to 200 kg ha -1 of N in the higher rates (Table 3). This result is in agreement with the observations made by other authors; in order to get a palisadegrass response to N after the corn harvest, a new nitrogen fertilization should be carried out (Pariz et al, 2011;Borghi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Palisadegrass After Corn Harvestsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Almeida¹,

Favarin²,

Otto³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Pasture and grain crop intercropping is considered an alternative for increasing biomass production during the winter periods in Brazil for the establishment of no-tillage systems. We studied nitrogen (N) fertilization rates in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system that would allow both corn and biomass production without a reduction in corn yield. A field trial was carried out in São Desidério, Bahia -Brazil using a complete block experimental design with a 5 x 2 factorial layout with two factors: N rate (control, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha -1 N) and two cropping systems (corn with or without palisadegrass). Both corn and palisadegrass were sown simultaneously with N fertilizer applied at sowing. The measurements included corn biomass, grain yield and N uptake. In addition, palisadegrass biomass was assessed at corn harvest and at three consecutive times during the winter. There was an interaction between N rates and the intercropping system. Grain yield was affected by intercropping when N fertilizer rates were lower than 100 kg ha -1 , but above that rate, corn grain yield reached 10,000 kg ha -1 and was similar with or without palisadegrass. Nitrogen fertilizers also positively affected corn N uptake. There was no residual effect of N fertilization on palisadegrass biomass production during the sampling periods. However, the biomass of the palisadegrass increased during the winter period and reached 5,000 kg ha -1 of dry matter by the following season. There was no corn yield reduction when corn was intercropped with palisadegrass using nitrogen rates above 100 kg ha -1 . In addition, it is possible to increase biomass production for the establishment of no-tillage systems in Brazil.

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Section: Palisadegrass After Corn Harvestsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Almeida¹,

Favarin²,

Otto³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…Similar results had been obtained in the second year of wheat in Australia (Ladd et al, 1983). In Brazil, it has been shown that less than 7% of the N applied to palisade grass was recovered in maize plants that followed grass desiccation, and there was no residual effect of the fertilizer applied to this grass (Borghi et al, 2014). Dourado Neto et al (2010) reported that only 7% of the N from plant residues were recovered by crops in the first season and about 9% in the subsequent seasons.…”

Section: N Cycling In Cropping Systemssupporting

confidence: 80%

Enhanced Plant Rooting and Crop System Management for Improved N Use Efficiency

Rosolem

Ritz

Cantarella

et al. 2017

Advances in Agronomy

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Despite the significant inroads into increasing agricultural productivity in recent decades, nitrogen remains a key limiting factor for crop growth and yield. Though highly variable globally, the amount of reactive N added yearly onto cropland that is subsequently lost to the environment remains high. As such the interest in agronomic approaches to address this and improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is currently very high. Here, we have shown the combined approaches of management interventions such as no-till, intercropping with leguminous and grass species, use of nitrogen inhibitors, and combined crop-livestock systems offer considerable potential for enhancing NUE and are already being readily deployed in the tropics. Grass species such as Brachiaria in particular have demonstrated enormous potential via their deep root architectures to reduce losses by leaching. However, the potential for increases in NUE through interaction and association of the root systems with the soil microbial community via rhizodeposits remains a major area for future research. Increasingly it is recognized that truly enhancing NUE requires consideration of the whole system. Improving

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“…The higher amounts of N and K 2 O applied in topdressing in the second season were due to nutritional deficiencies observed in the corn leaves in the first growing season. On 6/9/2011 and 6/1/2012, grasses were fertilized with 60 kg ha -1 N as ammonium sulfate, following the recommendation of Borghi et al (2014) for areas in the first years under NT.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silage production of corn intercropped with tropical forages in an integrated crop-livestock system with lambs

Pariz

Costa

Crusciol

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of intercropping systems between corn and tropical forages, at different cutting heights, on silage production, light interception, land use efficiency, intercropping competition factors, and pasture production. In the 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crop seasons, two cultivation modalities were evaluated in the summer/autumn -monocropped corn with residual regrowth of signal grass (Urochloa decumbens) from the soil seed bank and corn intercropped with palisade grass (U. brizantha 'Marandu') -, in a factorial arrangement with two cutting heights for silage production -0.20 and 0.45 m. After corn silage harvest, the forages were grazed by lambs in a semi-feedlot system, in the winter/spring. Monocropped corn and 0.45-m cutting height both reduced dry matter yield for silage. Corn intercropped with palisade grass improved land use efficiency from 13 to 31% compared with monocropped crop, with land equivalent ratio greater than 1. Palisade grass showed higher light interception than signal grass over the intercrop period with corn and provided greater forage yield for lambs to graze during winter/spring. Corn intercropped with palisade grass, compared with monocropped corn, especially at the cutting height of 0.45 m, is a viable option for improving silage and pasture production, as well as land use efficiency in the integrated crop-livestock system.Index terms: Urochloa, Zea mays, cutting height, land equivalent ratio, light interception. Produção de silagem de milho consorciado com forrageiras tropicais em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária com cordeirosResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de cultivos consorciados entre milho e forrageiras tropicais, em diferentes alturas de corte, sobre a produção de silagem, a interceptação luminosa, a eficiência de uso da terra, os fatores de competição do consórcio e a produção da pastagem. Foram avaliados, nas safras 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, duas modalidades de cultivo no verão/outono -monocultivo de milho com rebrota do banco de sementes de capim-braquiária (Urochloa decumbens) e milho consorciado com capim-marandu (U. brizantha 'Marandu') -, em arranjo fatorial com duas alturas de corte para ensilagem -0,20 e 0,45 m. Após a colheita do milho para ensilagem, as forragens foram pastejadas por cordeiros semi-confinados, no inverno/ primavera. O monocultivo do milho e a altura de corte a 0,45 m reduziram a produtividade de matéria seca para ensilagem. O milho consorciado com capim-marandu melhorou a eficiência de uso da terra de 13 para 31%, comparado ao monocultivo do milho, com relação de equivalência de uso da terra maior que 1. O capimmarandu apresentou maior interceptação luminosa que o capim-braquiária, ao longo do período de consórcio com o milho, e proporcionou maior produção de forragem para o pastejo pelos cordeiros durante o inverno/ primavera. O milho consorciado com capim-marandu, comparado ao monocultivo do milho, principalmente na altura de corte de 0,45 m, é uma opção viável para aument...

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Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield components in a corn-palisadegrass intercropping system

Enhanced Plant Rooting and Crop System Management for Improved N Use Efficiency

Silage production of corn intercropped with tropical forages in an integrated crop-livestock system with lambs

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