Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Graphitic Carbon as an Excellent Electrode Material for Advanced Supercapacitors

Abstract

An advanced supercapacitor material based on nitrogen-doped porous graphitic carbon (NPGC) with high a surface area was synthesized by means of a simple coordination-pyrolysis combination process, in which tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), nickel nitrate, and glucose were adopted as porogent, graphitic catalyst precursor, and carbon source, respectively. In addition, melamine was selected as a nitrogen source owing to its nitrogen-enriched structure and the strong interaction between the amine groups and the glucose unit. A low-temperature treatment resulted in the formation of a NPGC precursor by combination of the catalytic precursor, hydrolyzed TEOS, and the melamine-glucose unit. Following pyrolysis and removal of the catalyst and porogent, the NPGC material showed excellent electrical conductivity owing to its high crystallinity, a large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (SBET =1027 m(2) g(-1) ), and a high nitrogen level (7.72 wt %). The unusual microstructure of NPGC materials could provide electrochemical energy storage. The NPGC material, without the need for any conductive additives, showed excellent capacitive behavior (293 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) ), long-term cycling stability, and high coulombic efficiency (>99.9 % over 5000 cycles) in KOH when used as an electrode. Notably, in a two-electrode symmetric supercapacitor, NPGC energy densities as high as 8.1 and 47.5 Wh kg(-1) , at a high power density (10.5 kW kg(-1) ), were achieved in 6 M KOH and 1 M Et4 NBF4 -PC electrolytes, respectively. Thus, the synthesized NPGC material could be a highly promising electrode material for advanced supercapacitors and other conversion devices.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbons as high performance supercapacitor electrode materials

“…As expected, Carbon-ZS presents largest specific capacitance, due to its high nitrogen content, especially the highest N-Q content, and suitable hierarchical micro/mesopores which is advantage for quick mass transfer and smooth diffusion of electrolytes on the electrode. 32,50,53 It is noted that although Carbon-ZU holds the largest surface area, its capacitance is not the largest one, which means that capacitance of these materials is not in direct proportion to the specific surface area, because only part of pores are efficiently in full use during the process of charge transfer. This observation is also supported by previous literature, in which the similar conclusion was drawn.…”

Manganese dioxide-anchored three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene hybrid aerogels as excellent anode materials for lithium ion batteries

“…5c) can be deconvoluted into three peaks, pyridinic (398.7 eV), pyrrolic (399.9 eV) and quaternary nitrogen (401.8 eV). 42 In the high-resolution XPS spectrum of Mn 2p (Fig. 5d),…”

Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet-assisted preparation of N-enriched mesoporous carbon nanofibers with improved capacitive performance

“…Compared with traditional microporous CNFs (MPCNFs), mesoporous carbon nanofibers (MCNFs) with unique interconnected mesopores are preferable for SCs because such a structure not only provides a large electrode/electrolyte interface for electrostatic charge accumulation but also facilitates ion transport by shortening diffusion pathways and ensuring good electrical contact [9][10][11][12][13]. In addition, N-doping is another effective strategy for increasing the capacitance and improving the cycle ability of carbon materials by enhancing their electronic conductivity and their surface wettability with the electrolyte [1,[14][15][16][17].…”