Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanoboxes in zwitterionic polymer hydrogel electrolyte for superior quasi-solid-state zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors

Abstract

A superior quasi-solid-state Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor is rationally developed using a well-engineered hollow carbon cathode material with desirable Zn2+ storage and hydrogel electrolyte with high conductivity and dendrite-inhibition ability.

A hierarchical integrated 3D carbon electrode derived from gingko leaves via hydrothermal carbonization of H3PO4 for high-performance supercapacitors

“…Meanwhile, the hysteresis loop at high relative pressures ( P / P 0 > 0.4) demonstrates the existence of a large amount of mesopores in the structure. 38 However for GLC, typical type I isotherms with a hysteresis of H 4 type are observed. Obviously, GLAC-2 indicates a hierarchical porous structure with a mixture of micropores and meso-/macropores, which contribute to easy electrolyte access and transport and rapid electron transfer.…”

A flexible and stable zinc-ion hybrid capacitor with polysaccharide-reinforced cross-linked hydrogel electrolyte and binder-free carbon cathode

“…4b). 3 The specic capacity of the ZHC with the GCNF loading of 1.5 mg cm −2 is ultrahigh, reaching 173.8 mA h g −1 at 0.25 A g −1 and retaining 93.7 mA h g −1 at 20 A g −1 with high retention of 53.9%. Such capacity and rate levels of the aqueous Zn//GCNF are comparable to or better than those of many other reported ZHCs (Fig.…”

“…1,2 Among them, zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs) are particularly advantageous, owing to their high security, low manufacturing cost, and hybrid charge-storage mechanism combining deposition/stripping for the batterytype Zn anode and adsorption/desorption for the capacitortype carbon cathode. [3][4][5] Nevertheless, the electrochemical reversibility of Zn anodes is plagued by the deep-seated dendrite and side reactions (e.g., hydrogen evolution and corrosion) issues in aqueous electrolytes, and the capacity of carbon cathodes is not satisfactory, impeding the development of highperformance ZHCs. [6][7][8] It remains a challenge to overcome the obstacles faced by Zn anodes and carbon cathodes on the premise of ensuring the exibility of ZHCs.…”

High ionic conductivity and toughness hydrogel electrolyte for high-performance flexible solid-state zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors enabled by cellulose-bentonite coordination interactions

“…S5 †). Moreover, [34][35][36] synthetic polymer hydrogel electrolytes, 9,37 and zwitterionic polymer hydrogel electrolytes 38,39 reported in the literature on the basis of ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. The detailed comparison is summarised in Table S1.…”

“…(g) Zeta potential of cellulose, bentonite (BT), and the cellulose/BT slurry. (h) Comparison of the properties of the CBH-Zn with those of CH electrolytes,[34][35][36] synthetic polymer hydrogel electrolytes,9,37 and zwitterionic polymer hydrogel electrolytes38,39 reported in the literature on the basis of ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. The detailed comparison is summarised in TableS1.…”