Nitrogen-doped graphene as metal free basic catalyst for coupling reactions

Candu, Natalia; Man, Isabela Costinela; Simion, Andrada; Cojocaru, Bogdan; Coman, Simona M.; Bucur, Cristina; Primo, Ana; Garcı́a, Hermenegildo; Pârvulescu, Vasile I.

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2019.07.011

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This discrepancy between N 2 and CO 2 adsorption data is probably due to a combination of factors, including the different temperatures of the adsorption measurement, the smaller kinetic diameter of CO 2 (330 pm) compared to N 2 (364 pm), and the different acid–base nature of the gases. Thus, in accordance with the literature, 28 it is proposed that the combination of a large specific surface area, the presence of ultramicropores 29 (pore diameter smaller than 0.5 nm), and the basicity due to pyridinic N atoms 30 are the factors responsible for the high CO 2 adsorption capacity of 3D (N)C materials. In any case, CO 2 adsorption data show a significant porosity in the four 3D (N)C samples.…”

Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Porous Graphitic Carbons Containing Nitrogen by Structuration of Chitosan with Pluronic P123

Peng

Primo

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Using Pluronic P123 as a structure-directing agent and chitosan as a carbon precursor, different porous carbons with remarkable morphologies such as orthohedra or spheres with diametrically opposite holes are obtained. These particles of micrometric size are constituted by the stacking of thin sheets (60 nm) that become increasingly bent in the opposite sense, concave in the upper and convex in the bottom hemispheres, as the chitosan proportion increases. TEM images, after dispersion of the particles by sonication, show that besides micrometric graphene sheets, the material is constituted by nanometric onion-like carbons. The morphology and structure of these porous carbons can be explained based on the ability of Pluronic P123 to undergo self-assembly in aqueous solution due to its amphoteric nature and the filmogenic properties of chitosan to coat Pluronic P123 nanoobjects undergoing structuration and becoming transformed into nitrogen-doped graphitic carbons. XPS analysis reveals the presence of nitrogen in their composition. These porous carbons exhibit a significant CO 2 adsorption capacity of above 3 mmol g –1 under 100 kPa at 273 K attributable to their large specific surface area, ultraporosity, and the presence of basic N sites. In addition, the presence of dopant elements in the graphitic carbons opening the gap is responsible for the photocatalytic activity for H 2 generation in the presence of sacrificial electron donors, reaching a H 2 production of 63 μmol g –1 in 24 h.

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Section: Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Porous Graphitic Carbons Containing Nitrogen by Structuration of Chitosan with Pluronic P123

Peng

Primo

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…As it can be seen in Scheme 1 , the precursor of the graphitic carbon is chitosan, a homopolymer of glucosamine obtained by deacetylation of natural chitin, the main waste of the fishery industry ( Hamed et al., 2016 ; Khanafari et al., 2008 ; Salaberria et al., 2015 ). Chitosan, containing N and C in its composition, acts simultaneously as a source of C and N forming turbostratic N-doped graphitic carbon ( Candu et al., 2019 ; Hao et al., 2015 ; Lavorato et al., 2014 ; Primo et al., 2014 ). One of the known properties of chitosan is to adsorb a large percentage of metal salts from solution due to the complexation of the metal ions with chitosan functional groups and the formation of numerous strong hydrogen bridges ( Vakili et al., 2019 ; Wang and Zhuang, 2017 ; Wu et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High C2-C4 selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation by particle size control of Co-Fe alloy nanoparticles wrapped on N-doped graphitic carbon

et al. 2022

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“…Besides, the method of preparing NG from biomass and its wastes is attracting more and more attention and can be applied to large‐scale production. [ 141–144 ] As a kind of abundant and widely distributed renewable energy, biomass provides a reliable source for the synthesis of NG. Therefore, from the perspective of reserves, NG is beneficial for sustainable development and low‐cost industrialization. 2)Large specific surface area: The specific surface area of 2D NG can be maximized relative to other forms with different dimensions.…”

Section: Advantages Of Ng In Photocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Fabrication, and Mechanism of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene‐Based Photocatalyst

et al. 2021

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Solving energy and environmental problems through solar‐driven photocatalysis is an attractive and challenging topic. Hence, various types of photocatalysts have been developed successively to address the demands of photocatalysis. Graphene‐based materials have elicited considerable attention since the discovery of graphene. As a derivative of graphene, nitrogen‐doped graphene (NG) particularly stands out. Nitrogen atoms can break the undifferentiated structure of graphene and open the bandgap while endowing graphene with an uneven electron density distribution. Therefore, NG retains nearly all the advantages of original graphene and is equipped with several novel properties, ensuring infinite possibilities for NG‐based photocatalysis. This review introduces the atomic and band structures of NG, summarizes in situ and ex situ synthesis methods, highlights the mechanism and advantages of NG in photocatalysis, and outlines its applications in different photocatalysis directions (primarily hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, pollutant degradation, and as photoactive ingredient). Lastly, the central challenges and possible improvements of NG‐based photocatalysis in the future are presented. This study is expected to learn from the past and achieve progress toward the future for NG‐based photocatalysis.

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Nitrogen-doped graphene as metal free basic catalyst for coupling reactions

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Porous Graphitic Carbons Containing Nitrogen by Structuration of Chitosan with Pluronic P123

Porous Graphitic Carbons Containing Nitrogen by Structuration of Chitosan with Pluronic P123

High C2-C4 selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation by particle size control of Co-Fe alloy nanoparticles wrapped on N-doped graphitic carbon

Design, Fabrication, and Mechanism of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene‐Based Photocatalyst

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