Nitrogen concentrations in the cell wall and lignocellulose of smooth homegrass herbage*

Two, 8-week experiments, each using 30 lactating Holstein cows, were conducted to examine performance of animals offered combinations of total mixed ration (TMR) and high-quality pasture. Experiment 1 was initiated in mid October 2004 and Experiment 2 was initiated in late March 2005. Cows were assigned to either a 100% TMR diet (100:00, no access to pasture) or one of the following three formulated partial mixed rations (PMR) targeted at (1) 85% TMR and 15% pasture, (2) 70% TMR and 30% pasture and (3) 55% TMR and 45% pasture. Based on actual TMR and pasture intake, the dietary TMR and pasture proportions of the three PMR in Experiment 1 were 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21), 68% TMR and 32% pasture (68:32), and 59% TMR and 41% pasture (59:41), respectively. Corresponding proportions in Experiment 2 were 89% TMR and 11% pasture (89:11), 79% TMR and 21% pasture (79:21) and 65% TMR and 35% pasture (65:35), respectively. Reducing the proportion of TMR in the diets increased pasture consumption of cows on all PMR, but reduced total dry matter intake compared with cows on 100:00. An increase in forage from pasture increased the concentration of conjugated linoleic acids and decreased the concentration of saturated fatty acids in milk. Although milk and milk protein yields from cows grazing spring pastures (Experiment 2) increased with increasing intakes of TMR, a partial mixed ration that was composed of 41% pasture grazed in the fall (Experiment 1) resulted in a similar overall lactation performance with increased feed efficiency compared to an all-TMR ration.

show abstract

“…influencing N solubility and suggesting that ruminal CP degradability may also be affected (Sanderson and Wedin, 1989;.…”

Section: Dietary Nutrient Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Vibart

Fellner

Burns

et al. 2008

Journal of Dairy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3, June 2012, 215-226 ISSN (Sanderson and Wedin 1989a;Lopez et al 1991) as well as by grassland management including fertilisation (Wilman and Wright 1978;Sanderson and Wedin 1989b), maturity stage at harvest (Bosch et al 1994;McAllan et al 1994;Su¨dekum et al 2006) and method of conservation (Verbi c et al 1999). Grassland forages may provide extremely variable fermentable substrates depending on botanical and chemical composition, which are in turn influenced by climatic and seasonal habitat *Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial nitrogen assimilation in sheep fed differently composed grass silages

Seip¹,

Breves²,

Isselstein

et al. 2012

Archives of Animal Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The investigation aimed at examining if the composition of grassland silage affects the microbial nitrogen assimilation in the rumen of sheep. The silages were made of vegetative summer re-growths consisting of 48% grasses, 28% legumes and 24% other forbs (GCF) or of pure grass (G). Silage GCF contained more intermediately degradable non-structural and less slowly degradable carbohydrates, more crude protein (CP), a narrower ratio between slow and very slow degradable nitrogen (N), and exhibited higher in situ degradability of organic matter and CP than Silage G. Four adult wethers equipped with rumen fistulae were used in a two factorial trial. Feed was offered either as silage alone or as a mixture of silage and barley (60:40). Microbial N was estimated using continuous intraruminal 15N infusion and measurement of 15N-enrichment in microbes isolated from rumen liquor samples. With the exception of trends for ruminal butyrate concentrations, no interactions were detected between silage and barley feeding. Sheep receiving Silage GCF exhibited larger diurnal fluctuations of ammonia, and produced more microbial N (p < 0.05) than sheep on Silage G. Feeding the silages with barley decreased ruminal pH and elevated the concentrations of butyrate (p < 0.05). The 15N incorporation into microbial N was reduced by barley feeding (p < 0.05) along with a trend to accelerated rumen fluid turnover, resulting in similar microbial N yields as found in sheep receiving silage without barley. It is concluded that the larger and better balanced amounts of intermediately degradable carbohydrate- and N-containing fractions favoured the ruminal microbial protein synthesis in sheep consuming Silage GCF instead of Silage G.

show abstract

“…Estas leguminosas apresentam-se como alternativas em potencial para a produção de fenos a serem fornecidos em dietas para animais ruminantes do semiárido, já que apresentam em torno de 18 a 30% de proteína bruta, são adaptados a solos pobres e tem considerável produtividade (EDWARDS et al, 2012). No entanto, altas temperaturas ambientais proporcionam aumento da lignificação ( VAN SOEST, 1994) e aumento do metabolismo da planta com consequente formação de tecidos estruturais e diminuição de metabólitos do conteúdo celular (PACIULLO et al, 2001). Desta forma, o corte em idade adequada da forrageira e sua fenação irá proporcionar o fornecimento de um alimento em quantidade e qualidade mais homogênea, resultando em maior produtividade animal.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Desidratação e composição química do feno de Leucena (Leucena leucocephala) e Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium)

Bayão

Edvan

Carneiro

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a composição química e tempo para atingir o ponto de fenação da Leucena (Leucena leucocephala) e Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium). Foram coletadas amostras nos tempos 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10, 12, 14, e 16 horas de secagem para obtenção da curva de desidratação para cada espécie de forragem. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado com nove tratamentos (9 tempos de desidratação x três repetições). Os dados referentes às características morfológicas da espécie foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 1% de probabilidade. Para a curva de desidratação em função do tempo, os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão. A relação folha:caule foi maior para a Gliricidia no tempo 16 horas de desidratação (P<0,05). As taxas de desidratação da amostra composta, vagem, colmo e folha composta da Gliricidia e Leucena apresentaram efeito linear crescente (P<0,05) com a Leucena mais eficiente na desidratação. Os teores de matéria seca da Gliricidia e Leucena foram, respectivamente, de 91,24% e 91,32%, enquanto os teores de proteína bruta foram de 18,64% e 17,7%. Os teores de fibra em detergente neutro corrigida para cinzas e proteína foram de 49,86% e 49,07%, e os teores de proteína insolúvel em detergente neutro foram de 1,01% e 1,77%. O tempo para atingir o ponto de feno da Leucena e da Gliricidia foi de 16 horas. A composição nutricional dos fenos de Leucena e Gliricidia apresentaram-se satisfatórios para serem fornecidos na alimentação de animais ruminantes.

show abstract

Nitrogen concentrations in the cell wall and lignocellulose of smooth homegrass herbage*

Abstract: Applying nitrogen (N)

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed varying levels of total mixed ration and pasture

Ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial nitrogen assimilation in sheep fed differently composed grass silages

Desidratação e composição química do feno de Leucena (Leucena leucocephala) e Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About