Nitrogen compounds of petroleum oils (review)

Extraction of Basic Components from Petroleum Crude Oil

“…If we take a closer look at Table , we can notice that the composition of the crude oils and their NB fractions are similar, whereas the B fractions present different features: first its composition in nitrogen is significantly higher (1.4−2.2% compared with 0.1−0.2% for the NB fractions and the crude oils), which proves that we have enriched the B fraction in nitrogen compounds and most likely bases as previously proved by the TBN measurements. Second, B fractions are more aromatic (higher C/H atomic ratio) than the initial crude oils, which is in good agreement with the known structure of the basic molecules present in crude oil: derivatives of pyridines and its benzologs . Finally, the B fractions are richer in sulfur than their respective crude oils.…”

“…Before applying the method on real crude oil samples, we have tested it on a test mixture to evaluate the selectivity and quantitative aspect of extraction of basic components. A mixture of six standards was selected (Table ): three nonbasic molecules (one alkane, one aromatic, and one aromatic molecule with a nonbasic nitrogen) and three basics (pyridine derivatives as they are known to be present in crude oil). As shown in Table , a complete separation is obtained between basic and nonbasic molecules.…”

“…They are generally classified into basic and nonbasic, that is, respectively, titrable and nontitrable by a mineral acid . The basic components that are the subject of this article are mainly represented by derivatives of pyridines and its benzologs …”

Essential role of structure, architecture, and intermolecular interactions of asphaltene molecules on properties (self-association and surface activity)

“…Identification and details of these groups are mainly obtained using FT-ICR MS, NMR, and FTIR, which give information about the aromatic, alkyl, and functional groups fractions, although maybe FT-ICR-MS reveals only a part of the information present in the asphaltene sample ( Acevedo et al., 2012 ; Bava et al., 2019 ; Goncharov et al., 2019 ; Liu et al., 2010 ; Ruiz-Morales, 2007 ; Schabron et al., 2012 ; Shi et al., 2010 ). Different weight percentages of polar heteroatoms have indicated using XPS and XANES groups act as donators or acceptors of protons in the form of intermolecularly and intramolecularly is definite that asphaltenes include both acid and essential parts since they have both total base and acid numbers (TBN and TAN) ( Aksenov et al., 1979 ; Hosseinpour et al., 2013 ; Mitra-Kirtley et al., 1993 ; Peng et al., 2009 ; Rudrake et al., 2009 ; Simon et al., 2010 ; Speight, 2004 ; Zhao et al., 2001 ).…”