Nitrogen Compound Determination and Distribution in Three Source Fuels by GC/MS

Bauserman, Joy W.; Nguyen, Khoa; Mushrush, George W.

doi:10.1081/lpet-200027799

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Basic nitrogen compounds in petroleum feedstock are usually isolated by solvent extraction and/or liquid chromatography, followed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to separate and characterize. ,− Although much research has been done on basic nitrogen compounds found in CGOs, crude oils, and their derived products, most basic nitrogen compounds identified are those with molecular weight lower than 300 Da, due to their low volatility in GC-MS analysis . However, the results of elemental analysis of many crude oils show that the 90% nitrogen species present in vacuum residues, most of which cannot be identified by GC-MS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Basic Nitrogen Species in Coker Gas Oils by Positive-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Shi¹,

Xu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2010

Energy Fuels

118

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Six coker gas oils (CGOs) and three basic fractions extracted from one of the CGOs by 0.1, 0.4, and 1 M HCl hydrochloric acid were characterized by positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) and compared to those analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The ultra high mass resolving power and high mass accuracy of FT-ICR MS allow the assignment of a unique elemental composition to each peak in the mass spectrum. Basic nitrogen species were characterized by class, type, and carbon number. The mass spectra of the CGOs at the 200-500 Da mass range were similar, but the distribution of double bond equivalence (DBE) versus carbon number were different. Among the N, N 2 , NO, and NS that were identified in CGOs, the N class nitrogen species were dominant. The results showed that hydrotreating reduced the relative abundance of all class species, except for the N class species. This suggests that some N class species are refractory to hydrotreating. The molecular weight of nitrogen species in the acid-extracted basic nitrogen fraction of CGO was lower than that of its parent CGO. The N 3 , NO 2 , and N 2 O class species were clearly identified and concentrated in the basic nitrogen fraction, but were not detected in their parent CGO. The N class species with ring plus DBE value of 4-16 in the basic nitrogen fraction were also identified by GC-MS analysis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Basic Nitrogen Species in Coker Gas Oils by Positive-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Shi¹,

Xu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2010

Energy Fuels

118

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the refinery product streams, coker heavy gas oil (CHGO) is known to contain the most refractory nitrogen compounds. The analytical methods that are commonly used to characterize the nitrogen compounds in petroleum are gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC−MS). − Because of the low mass resolving power and selectivity for nitrogen compounds in traditional MS, the samples are prefractionated to either isolate or concentrate the nitrogen compounds prior to analysis. − In addition, GC−MS is not capable of analyzing samples that contain higher molecular-mass nitrogen compounds (greater than 300 Da) because of their low volatility . Hence, nitrogen compounds identified by GC−MS account for a fraction of total nitrogen compounds present in petroleum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Nitrogen Compounds in Coker Heavy Gas Oil and Its Subfractions by Liquid Chromatographic Separation Followed by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A coker heavy gas oil (CHGO) was separated into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) fractions. The resin fraction was separated into six subfractions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The CHGO and its subfractions were characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The mass spectra showed that the mass range of basic and neutral nitrogen compounds was 200−450 and 160−400 Da, respectively. Five nitrogen class species, N1, N2, N1O1, N1O2, and N1S1, were assigned in the positive-ion spectrum. Six nitrogen class species, N1, N2, N1O1, N1O2, N2O1, and N1S1, were assigned in the negative-ion spectrum. Among the identified nitrogen compounds, the N1 class species was dominant. The N1 class species were enriched in the resin fraction. The N2 class species are likely amphoteric molecules and were enriched in the asphaltene fraction. The composition of nitrogen compounds in the resin subfractions varied significantly in double-bond equivalence (DBE) and carbon number. As the polarity of the resin subfraction increased, the average molecular weights of the nitrogen compounds decreased, DBE values for each heteroatom class species increased, and the N2 class species became the dominant nitrogen compounds at the expense of the N1 class species.

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Organonitrogen compounds in fuel oil mostly comprises of: (i) pyridine and its benzologues (pyrimidine and quinoline) and (ii) pyrrole benzologues such as indoles and carbazoles. [5][6][7][8] Hydro-denitrogenation (HDN) process currently employed for the removal of organonitrogen compounds in fuels is effective for the removal of non-refractory organonitrogen compounds and its derivatives. 9 At extreme HDN conditions, refractory compounds are eliminated alongside some aromatic contents of fuel, thereby altering fuel specifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Removal of Organonitrogen Compounds in Fuel using Functional Polybenzimidazole Nanofibres: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organonitrogen compounds present in fuel oils are deleterious to the environment as well as refining catalysts. Herein, functional polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofibres fabricated in the presence of N-compounds (nitrogen-containing compounds) were employed for the selective adsorption of quinoline, pyrimidine and carbazole, largely found in diesel fuel. Adsorption capacities of 11.5 mg g-1 , 11.8 mg g-1 and 11.0 mg g-1 were observed for pyrimidine, carbazole and quinoline, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) studies indicated ð-ð interactions/stacking and hydrogen bond interactions between the nitrogen atom of N-compounds and PBI. The study clearly shows the potential of PBI material use for the selective removal of organonitrogen compounds in fuels.

show abstract

Nitrogen Compound Determination and Distribution in Three Source Fuels by GC/MS

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Basic Nitrogen Species in Coker Gas Oils by Positive-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Characterization of Basic Nitrogen Species in Coker Gas Oils by Positive-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Characterization of Nitrogen Compounds in Coker Heavy Gas Oil and Its Subfractions by Liquid Chromatographic Separation Followed by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Selective Removal of Organonitrogen Compounds in Fuel using Functional Polybenzimidazole Nanofibres: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About