Nitrogen‐Based Hydrogen Storage Systems: A Detailed Overview

Jain, Ankur; Ichikawa, Takayuki; Agarwal, Shivani

doi:10.1002/9781119460572.ch2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Alkali-metal silanides (MSiH 3 , M = K, Rb, and Cs) have recently gained attention as potential hydrogen-storage compounds due to their reversible dehydrogenation/ hydrogenation properties. [1][2][3][4][5] Typically, a silanide↔silicide equilibrium (i.e., MSiH 3 ↔ MSi + 1.5H 2 ) exists, providing favorable hydrogen vapor pressures of 0.1 MPa near 410 K. 3 All MSiH 3 compounds studied, including the various alkali-metal-alloy versions (K 0.5 Cs 0.5 SiH 3 , K 0.5 Rb 0.5 SiH 3 , and Rb 0.5 Cs 0.5 SiH 3 ) undergo hysteretic phase transitions upon heating and cooling between ordered monoclinic or orthorhombic β-phase structures to disordered face-centered-cubic α-phase structures 3,[6][7][8][9] (see Figure 1). In contrast to the crystallographically ordered, β-phase SiH 3 − anions, the α-phase anions exhibit threedimensional orientational disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

et al. 2018

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Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements over a wide range of energy resolutions were used to probe the reorientational behavior of the pyramidal SiH 3 − anions in the monoalkali silanides (MSiH 3 , where M = K, Rb, and Cs) within the low-temperature ordered β-phases, and for CsSiH 3 , the high-temperature disordered α-phase and intervening hysteretic transition region. Maximum jump frequencies of the β-phase anions near the β−α transitions range from around 10 9 s −1 for β-KSiH 3 to 10 10 s −1 and higher for β-RbSiH 3 and β-CsSiH 3 . The β-phase anions undergo uniaxial 3-fold rotational jumps around the anion quasi-C 3 symmetry axis. CsSiH 3 was the focus of further studies to map out the evolving anion dynamical behavior at temperatures above the βphase region. As in α-KSiH 3 and α-RbSiH 3 , the highly mobile anions (with reorientational jump frequencies approaching and exceeding 10 12 s −1 ) in the disordered α-CsSiH 3 are all adequately modeled by H jumps between 24 different locations distributed radially around the anion center of gravity, although even higher anion reorientational disorder cannot be ruled out. QENS data for CsSiH 3 in the transition region between the αand β-phases corroborated the presence of dynamically distinct intermediate (i-) phase. The SiH 3 − anions within i-phase appear to undergo * Corresponding Author: (M.D.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

et al. 2018

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“…However, when it comes to the use of hydrogen in our daily lives, several issues come up. To address the key issues such as low density and very low temperature of liquid hydrogen, i.e., 20.2 K [7,8], two possible methods are high-pressure tanks and cryogenics, but they are difficult to implement for daily life applications [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudo-Binary Phase Diagram of LiNH2-MH (M = Na, K) Eutectic Mixture

et al. 2022

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The hunt for a cleaner energy carrier leads us to consider a source that produces no toxic byproducts. One of the targeted alternatives in this approach is hydrogen energy, which, unfortunately, suffers from a lack of efficient storage media. Solid-state hydrogen absorption systems, such as lithium amide (LiNH2) systems, may store up to 6.5 weight percent hydrogen. However, the temperature of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation is too high for practical use. Various molar ratios of LiNH2 with sodium hydride (NaH) and potassium hydride (KH) have been explored in this paper. The temperature of hydrogenation for LiNH2 combined with KH and NaH was found to be substantially lower than the temperature of individual LiNH2. This lower temperature operation of both LiNH2-NaH and LiNH2-KH systems was investigated in depth, and the eutectic melting phenomenon was observed. Systematic thermal studies of this amide-hydride system in different compositions were carried out, which enabled the plotting of a pseudo-binary phase diagram. The occurrence of eutectic interaction increased atomic mobility, which resulted in the kinetic modification followed by an increase in the reactivity of two materials. For these eutectic compositions, i.e., 0.15LiNH2-0.85NaH and 0.25LiNH2-0.75KH, the lowest melting temperature was found to be 307 °C and 235 °C, respectively. Morphological studies were used to investigate and present the detailed mechanism linked with this phenomenon.

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Nitrogen‐Based Hydrogen Storage Systems: A Detailed Overview

Cited by 2 publications

References 202 publications

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

Pseudo-Binary Phase Diagram of LiNH2-MH (M = Na, K) Eutectic Mixture

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Nitrogen‐Based Hydrogen Storage Systems: A Detailed Overview

Cited by 2 publications

References 202 publications

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH3, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH3, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

Pseudo-Binary Phase Diagram of LiNH2-MH (M = Na, K) Eutectic Mixture

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Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering

Tracking the Progression of Anion Reorientational Behavior between α-Phase and β-Phase Alkali-Metal Silanides, MSiH₃, by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering