Nitrogen Availability and Microbial Communities of Canopy Soils in a Large Cercidiphyllum japonicum Tree of a Cool-Temperate Old Growth Forest

Tatsumi, Chikae; Azuma, Wakana; Ogawa, Yasushi; Komada, Natsuki

doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01707-w

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In addition, because tree height increases with tree size, vertical changes in the habitat within a tree are expected to be greater for large trees than for small trees. For example, the water content of substrates (Tatsumi et al 2021), temperature (Azuma et al 2022), and light intensity (data not shown) change along a height gradient within a single tree. Thus, our results may be explained by the greater environmental variation in large trees than in small trees.…”

Section: Effects Of Host Tree Size On Epiphyte Assemblage Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5). This can be attributed to the fact that the water content in thick substrates, i.e., arboreal soil, is higher than in mosscovered thin arboreal soil (Tatsumi et al 2021). Moreover, the majority of conspeci cs of accidental epiphytes grow in terrestrial habitats with a lower frequency and degree of drought stress than in the arboreal habitats that obligate epiphytes generally inhabit, and obligate epiphytes generally have droughttolerant traits (as discussed above).…”

Section: Epiphytes and Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the majority of conspeci cs of accidental epiphytes grow in terrestrial habitats with a lower frequency and degree of drought stress than in the arboreal habitats that obligate epiphytes generally inhabit, and obligate epiphytes generally have droughttolerant traits (as discussed above). Furthermore, the nutrient levels in arboreal habitats can be similar to (Tatsumi et al 2021) or even higher than those of the ground soil (Hoeber and Zotz 2021). Therefore, as Hoeber et al (2020) suggested, if the water supply and rooting area are su cient for growth, arboreal habitats with an accumulation of organic matter may not limit accidental epiphytism.…”

Section: Epiphytes and Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of host size and substrate types on the distribution of accidental and obligate epiphytes in a temperate forest of Japan

Komada,

Azuma,

Ogawa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In a forest, the distribution of vascular epiphytes depends on host tree size and substrate type. However, previous studies have mainly focused on tropical forests, despite the growing interest in temperate forests with a high diversity of epiphytes and the frequent occurrence of accidental epiphytism in terrestrial species. This study examined the distribution of accidental and obligate epiphytes on 8 Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae) trees in a Japanese temperate forest based on the observation of 1,301 epiphyte individuals belonging to 49 species. The hypothesis that the number of total epiphyte species and individuals increased significantly and exponentially with increasing tree size were supported. As predicted, the proportion of accidental epiphyte species would increase with tree size but that of obligate epiphytes would decrease. In agreement with our hypothesis, the major rooting substrate types of accidental and obligate epiphyte assemblages were different. Accidental epiphytes depended mainly on arboreal soil and, to a lesser extent, on moss; however, they were absent on the bark. By contrast, obligate epiphytes were most frequently found on moss, followed by bark and arboreal soil. These results highlight the greater impact of host tree size on the diversity of accidental epiphytes compared to obligate epiphytes, suggesting that there are differential effects of host tree size on accidental and obligate epiphytes in temperate forests. Additionally, the thick accumulation of organic matter is crucial for the establishment and growth of accidental epiphytes.

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Section: Effects Of Host Tree Size On Epiphyte Assemblage Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epiphytes and Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epiphytes and Substrate Typementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of host size and substrate types on the distribution of accidental and obligate epiphytes in a temperate forest of Japan

Komada,

Azuma,

Ogawa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Canopies have multiple opportunities for microbiallymediated N retention (Guerrieri et al, 2021), including in canopy soils-a compartment of this ecosystem recently gaining research attention (Gotsch et al, 2016;Tatsumi et al, 2021). Monitoring for known saprotrophic signals in stemflow, for instance, may provide insights into canopy soil processes and how they differ from processes in ground soils (Matson et al, 2014;Looby et al, 2020).…”

Section: Canopy Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual analysis: What signals might plant canopies send via stemflow?

et al. 2022

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As watersheds are complex systems that are difficult to directly study, the streams that drain them are often sampled to search for watershed “signals.” These signals include the presence and/or abundance of isotopes, types of sediment, organisms (including pathogens), chemical compounds associated with ephemeral biogeochemical processes or anthropogenic impacts, and so on. Just like watersheds can send signals via the streams that drain from them, we present a conceptual analysis that suggests plant canopies (equally complex and hard-to-study systems) may send similar signals via the precipitation that drains down their stems (stemflow). For large, tall, hard-to-access tree canopies, this portion of precipitation may be modest, often <2%; however, stemflow waters, like stream waters, scour a large drainage network which may allow stemflow to pick up various signals from various processes within and surrounding canopies. This paper discusses some of the signals that the canopy environment may impart to stemflow and their relevance to our understanding of vegetated ecosystems. Being a conceptual analysis, some examples have been observed; most are hypothetical. These include signals from on-canopy biogeochemical processes, seasonal epi-faunal activities, pathogenic impacts, and the physiological activities of the canopy itself. Given stemflow's currently limited empirical hydrological, ecological and biogeochemical relevance to date (mostly due to its modest fraction in most forest water cycles), future work on the possible “signals in stemflow” may also motivate more natural scientists and, perhaps some applied researchers, to rigorously monitor this oft-ignored water flux.

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One large tree crown can be defined as a local hotspot for plant species diversity in a forest ecosystem: a case study in temperate old-growth forest

et al. 2021

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Large trees have survived for a long time, and their complex crown structure serves as habitat for epiphytic plants. Canopy plants are not as well studied in the temperate zones as in the tropics, because many of them are accidental epiphytes, epiphytic individuals of normally terrestrial species. We hypothesized that the canopy can serve as a refuge for terrestrial species that have di culty establishing on the ground (e.g., insu cient light, over-browsing), promoting and conserving forest species diversity. Terrestrial species may also vary in their ability to adapt to canopy growth conditions. Here, we investigated canopy vascular plants hosted on a large Cercidiphyllum japonicum tree in a temperate old-growth forest, Japan. The canopy plant community was diverse with 39 vascular plant species, including 31 accidental epiphytes and six threatened, obligate epiphytes. High numbers of canopy plant species, including most accidental epiphytes, were found where multiple, large reiterated trunks as well as on large horizontal branches. Canopy plants leaves exhibited higher water use e ciency and higher nitrogen concentration compared to plants on the ground, but were controlled by transpirational water loss rather than by investing in leaf nitrogen with increasing height. We found at least 14 species could escape over-browsing by establishing in the canopy and may function as seedsources for future re-colonization on the ground. Our results show one large tree crown can be de ned as a local hotspot for current and future plant species diversity in a temperate old-growth forest, reinforcing its ecological value for conservation purposes.

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Nitrogen Availability and Microbial Communities of Canopy Soils in a Large Cercidiphyllum japonicum Tree of a Cool-Temperate Old Growth Forest

Cited by 6 publications

References 70 publications

Effects of host size and substrate types on the distribution of accidental and obligate epiphytes in a temperate forest of Japan

Effects of host size and substrate types on the distribution of accidental and obligate epiphytes in a temperate forest of Japan

Conceptual analysis: What signals might plant canopies send via stemflow?

One large tree crown can be defined as a local hotspot for plant species diversity in a forest ecosystem: a case study in temperate old-growth forest

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