Nitrogen and Rainfall Effects on Crop Growth—Experimental Results and Scenario Analyses

Shahadha, Saadi Sattar; Wendroth, Ole; Ding, Dianyuan

doi:10.3390/w13162219

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Srivastava et al (2020) observed cumulative evapotranspiration to be higher for both rainfed (N60-N100) and irrigated maize (N75-N125) in comparison with N0 nitrogen level. Shahadha et al (2021) found with increasing N rate under high rainfall amounts, the crop transpiration increased whereas the soil evaporation decreased. However, soil water dynamics and crop evapotranspiration were not affected by N application rates under low rainfall amount.…”

Section: Barlementioning

confidence: 83%

Fertilizer Effects on Soil Moisture Changes during Crop Growing Seasons of Dryland Agriculture in Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Gill¹

2022

JAS

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Efficient use of limited soil moisture resources is important for crop production in dryland agriculture in the study area. Understanding the changes in soil moisture during crop growing seasons can improve crop production. The objectives of the current study were to assess the effects of fertilizer application on soil moisture content (SMC) and its depletion patterns during the growing season. Changes in SMC in the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, and 30-40 cm depths soil were monitored during the 2013-2015 growing seasons under canola (Brassica napus L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) crops with 0 and 100% rates of commercial chemical fertilizers. The crops were grown using direct seeding (DS) on a clay loam soil in the southeast Peace Region (legal: NW7-77-20W5; GPS: 55o39′38.43″ N, 117o6′10.64″ W) of Alberta, Canada. Fertilizer application reduced the SMC at all the soil depths during considerable crop growing seasons. Depletion of SMC started earlier in fertilized pots in 2013 and 2014, but not in the drier early season of 2015. Rapid depletion during the early and middle of growing seasons was followed by slower or no soil moisture depletion by crops near the end. The SMC tended to be somewhat lower under 100 than 0% fertilizer by the end of the growing seasons, with few exceptions. The start of SMC depletion and appearance of fertilizer rates effect after seeding was also influenced by the amount of SMC at seeding in spring, i.e. earlier in dry year of 2015 than in other years with higher SMC in spring and more rain. The results demonstrated that applying fertilizer increased soil water use by plants regardless of the crop type or growing season. They also indicated that if more soil moisture was available, the differences between fertilizer treatments might have continued for extended periods, and yields of fertilized crops may have benefitted more.

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Section: Barlementioning

confidence: 83%

Fertilizer Effects on Soil Moisture Changes during Crop Growing Seasons of Dryland Agriculture in Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Gill¹

2022

JAS

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“…The model was run separately for each scenario, and in all scenarios, the model was operated 3 mo ahead of planting to equilibrate the initial conditions of the soil water dynamics based on the precipitation (Saseendran, Ahuja, Ma, Nielsen, et al., 2014; Shahadha et al., 2021). The soil mineral N was initiated using measured soil NO 3 and NH 4 as model inputs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calibration procedures of all model input parameters of soil, crop, nutrients, and residue conditions were explained with sufficient details in Shahadha et al (2019Shahadha et al ( , 2021.…”

Section: Rzwqm2 Calibration and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil hydraulic property input parameters (SHPIPs) are a critical part of the model for obtaining realistic soil water and evapotranspiration (ET) simulation results and improving our understanding of soil hydrologic processes (Fang et al., 2010; Shahadha et al., 2019). It has been reported that SHPIPs have high impact on simulated soil water dynamics and crop water use, and subsequently, on nutrient balances and crop development (Cameira et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2009; Saseendran et al., 2004; Shahadha et al., 2021). Therefore, the model must be provided with the most accurate and effective soil hydraulic parameters possible to correctly simulate the effect of crop management practices on soil water dynamics and crop growth (Ma et al., 2009; Shahadha, et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can one‐time calibration of measured soil hydraulic input parameters yield appropriate simulations of RZWQM2?

Shahadha¹,

Wendroth

2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Agricultural system models can help quantify soil water dynamics, crop evapotranspiration, and crop growth with a high temporal resolution to enhance soil and crop management. Simplifying the process of model calibration and validation is an important aspect for crop model use. The objective of this study was to explore the capability of using the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) with soil hydraulic property input parameters (SHPIPs) identified once under a given crop for other crops without recalibrating. A field experiment with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and fallow soil was conducted from 2015 to 2017. The soil hydraulic property parameter calibration process was evaluated. Four model scenarios of calibrating measured SHPIPs for soybean, corn, wheat, and fallow soil were created. The RZWQM2 simulation results showed high sensitivity to the model inputs of the SHPIPs. Model input parameters of bulk density, field capacity, permanent wilting point, and saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a large effect on model simulations. Model inputs of soil water content θ at field capacity and permanent wilting point showed high impact on water holding capacity and crop development, whereas the model input parameters of saturated hydraulic conductivity and bulk density yielded a high effect on soil water dynamics. All model scenarios presented satisfactory results with regard to soil water dynamics, evapotranspiration, crop growth, and mineral nitrogen, indicating that, for a particular field, RZWQM2 calibrated for one season performs well for other seasons without recalibration.

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“…A strong correlation between the total rainfall and NUE was observed for the dryland summer sorghum in Australia ( Rowlings et al., 2022 ). The highest NUE was reported for 125% simulated rainfall for wheat and corn in a silt loam soil of Kentucky, USA ( Shahadha et al., 2021 ). Photosynthetic active radiation is a major driving force affecting crop growth and N uptake ( Shahadha et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Factors Affecting Agronomic Nue Of Various Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency—a key to enhance crop productivity under a changing climate

et al. 2023

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for the growth and development of all plants. On a global scale, N is agriculture’s most widely used fertilizer nutrient. Studies have shown that crops use only 50% of the applied N effectively, while the rest is lost through various pathways to the surrounding environment. Furthermore, lost N negatively impacts the farmer’s return on investment and pollutes the water, soil, and air. Therefore, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is critical in crop improvement programs and agronomic management systems. The major processes responsible for low N use are the volatilization, surface runoff, leaching, and denitrification of N. Improving NUE through agronomic management practices and high-throughput technologies would reduce the need for intensive N application and minimize the negative impact of N on the environment. The harmonization of agronomic, genetic, and biotechnological tools will improve the efficiency of N assimilation in crops and align agricultural systems with global needs to protect environmental functions and resources. Therefore, this review summarizes the literature on nitrogen loss, factors affecting NUE, and agronomic and genetic approaches for improving NUE in various crops and proposes a pathway to bring together agronomic and environmental needs.

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Nitrogen and Rainfall Effects on Crop Growth—Experimental Results and Scenario Analyses

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Fertilizer Effects on Soil Moisture Changes during Crop Growing Seasons of Dryland Agriculture in Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Fertilizer Effects on Soil Moisture Changes during Crop Growing Seasons of Dryland Agriculture in Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Can one‐time calibration of measured soil hydraulic input parameters yield appropriate simulations of RZWQM2?

Nitrogen use efficiency—a key to enhance crop productivity under a changing climate

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