Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by wetland mesocosms subjected to different hydroperiods

Busnardo, Max J.; Gersberg, Richard M.; Langis, René; Sinicrope, Theresa L.; Zedler, Joy B.

doi:10.1016/0925-8574(92)90012-q

Cited by 72 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the 50% open water ratio in the pondmarsh -pond -marsh control and thinned cells alone was not open enough to maintain the treatment benefits in this Californian coastal scrub climate (Pase and Brown, 1994) This interspersion effect appears to mimic an early successional plant growth stage, such as the first growing season of a typical free water surface wetland. Busnardo et al (1992) pointed out that the nutrient assimilation of emergent plants (S. californicus) that have reached maximum density within a large, mature wastewater wetland with a low ratio of edge to surface area, would be lower than what they observed in their 1.22× 1.65 m mesocosms. On the other hand, they concluded that a treatment wetland designed to maintain a high ratio of edge to surface area would enable the vegetation to assimilate and remove the bulk of the wastewater nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of vegetation management in constructed wetland treatment cells on water quality and mosquito production

Thullen

Sartoris

Walton

2002

Ecological Engineering

102

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The impact of three vegetation management strategies on wetland treatment function and mosquito production was assessed in eight free water surface wetland test cells in southern California during 1998-1999. The effectiveness of the strategies to limit bulrush Schoenoplectus californicus culm density within the cells was also investigated. Removing accumulated emergent biomass and physically limiting the area in which vegetation could reestablish, significantly improved the ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiency of the wetland cells, which received an ammoniadominated municipal wastewater effluent (average loading rate = 9.88 kg/ha per day NH 4 -N). We determined that interspersing open water with emergent vegetation is critical for maintaining the wetland's treatment capability, particularly for systems high in NH 4 -N. Burning aboveground plant parts and thinning rhizomes only temporarily curtailed vegetation proliferation in shallow zones, whereas creating hummocks surrounded by deeper water successfully restricted the emergent vegetation to the shallower hummock areas. Since the hummock configuration kept open water areas interspersed throughout the stands of emergent vegetation, the strategy was also effective in reducing mosquito production. Decreasing vegetation biomass reduced mosquito refuge areas while increasing mosquito predator habitat. Therefore, the combined goals of water quality improvement and mosquito management were achieved by managing the spatial pattern of emergent vegetation to mimic an early successional growth stage, i.e. actively growing plants interspersed with open water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of vegetation management in constructed wetland treatment cells on water quality and mosquito production

Thullen

Sartoris

Walton

2002

Ecological Engineering

102

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“…Emergent vegetation may reduce nutrient concentrations in surface water even more strongly, as has been demonstrated particularly in wetlands used for wastewater treatment (Tanner et al, 1999;Verhoeven & Meuleman, 1999;Meuleman et al, 2002). Several studies have demonstrated that the retention time of water is very important for the amount of nutrients stored in the vegetation (Jing et al, 2002;Busnardo et al, 1992).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Nutrient Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and constructed littoral zones as nutrient traps in eutrophicated shallow lakes

Sollie

Coops²,

Verhoeven

2008

Hydrobiologia

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It is generally known that the water quality of shallow lakes can be influenced significantly by marginal wetlands. In order to study the efficacy of constructed littoral wetlands in the IJsselmeer area (The Netherlands) for water quality improvement, a field survey was carried out in 2003. Vegetation, soil, pore water and surface water characteristics were measured in spring and summer in two types of littoral zones: natural and constructed for 8-16 years. The study showed that constructed wetlands perform well and are suitable to enlarge the vegetated littoral zone in the IJsselmeer area. In both natural and constructed sites vegetation biomass varied between 2,200 g m -2 for helophyte vegetation and 1,300 g m -2 for low herbaceous vegetation. Nutrient concentrations in the pore water of constructed sites tended to be higher than in natural sites. PO 3À 4 and NH þ 4 concentrations in pore water were much lower when vegetation was present, probably as a result of plant uptake. The N and P accumulation rate in the soil of constructed wetlands was 20 g N m -2 y -1 and 3 g P m -2 y -1 in vegetated plots; without vegetation the rate was much lower (8 g N m -2 y -1 and 1.8 g P m -2 y -1 ). We conclude that concerning their effect on water quality, constructed sites may replace natural sites, at least after 8-16 years. Principal component analysis showed a relationship between vegetation biomass and flooding, and nutrient concentrations in soil and pore water. Biomass was negatively correlated with extractable nutrients and positively with soil total N and P content. Flooding duration was negatively related to pore water salinity and positively to pore water nutrients. Due to their high biomass, helophyte stands retained significantly more nutrients than low pioneer vegetation and are therefore more suitable for improving water quality.

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“…Despite several artifacts of enclosure, such as the edge effects commonly seen in mesocosm studies (Busnardo et al, 1992;Cahill et al, 2010), the Florida Everglades mesocosm was an excellent model of the real ecosystem. Environmental gradients in the mesocosm, especially water level, seem to have been responsible for maintaining distinct herbaceous marsh communities through a decade of self-organization in the system.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mesocosm and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Freshwater Marsh Community Structure in a Florida Everglades Mesocosm

2016

Trans. ASABE

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Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by wetland mesocosms subjected to different hydroperiods

Cited by 72 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of vegetation management in constructed wetland treatment cells on water quality and mosquito production

Effects of vegetation management in constructed wetland treatment cells on water quality and mosquito production

Natural and constructed littoral zones as nutrient traps in eutrophicated shallow lakes

Freshwater Marsh Community Structure in a Florida Everglades Mesocosm

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