Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Effluent of a Sewage Treatment Station on the Eastern Red Sea Coast∶ Daily Cycle, Flux and Impact on the Coastal Area

Sayed, Mohamed A. El

doi:10.1080/00207230211959

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Values varied between 6.52 and 7.64 (Tables 1&2). pH values agree with values measured in the untreated sewage water of Al Khumra effluent (El Sayed, 2002b) and are situated inside the range of values fixed by the MAW (MEPA, 1989).…”

Section: Tss Do and Phsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…If we suppose that C represents about 50% of the organic matter, this means that about 70% of the TSS is composed of organic matter. These values are slightly lower than the values measured in the untreated sewage which averaged 37.5% and varied between 28.5 and 60% (El Sayed, 2002b). This means that either the particulate organic matter is hardly degradable or no sufficient time is being given to the degradation process to be completed.…”

Section: Tss Do and Phmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater used for the Irrigation of Green Areas in Jeddah: 1 – Chemical Characteristics

Al-Farawati¹,

Al-Maradni²,

Basaham³

et al. 2008

mar

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For a better management of water resources, the municipality of Jeddah uses recycled municipal wastewater for the irrigation of parks and green areas. These places are recreational areas and are frequently visited by the population. A comprehensive study was planned to measure the potential health risk that may result from inadequate water treatment through the examination of the chemical and bacteriological characteristics of the recycled wastewater as well as the soil. In this context, 20 water and soil samples were collected from the most frequently visited sites all over the city. Water samples were analyzed for their content of, between others, nitrogen species (ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, organic nitrogen) phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, pH and suspended particulate matter. The trace elements Cu, Pb and Cd were also measured In order to achieve the major objective, we looked for the regulations regarding the quality criteria for this particular type of application. In the absence of particular guidelines for the irrigation of parks and green areas with recycled water, the reference criteria applied for unrestricted irrigation were used. Concentrations of TSS, Ammonium, nitrate, total nitrogen and phosphate averaged 65.25, 20.8, 3.4, 24.5 and 6.3 mg l-l , while concentrations of the trace elements Cd, Pb and Cu averaged 0.0003, 0.0044 and 0.009 mg l-1. These results indicate that the concentrations of the analyzed parameters are within the limits fixed for the water reuse for irrigation. The health risk may come from the potential contamination with other chemicals and any eventual bacterial contamination particularly with faecal coliform.

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Section: Tss Do and Phsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Tss Do and Phmentioning

confidence: 58%

Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater used for the Irrigation of Green Areas in Jeddah: 1 – Chemical Characteristics

Al-Farawati¹,

Al-Maradni²,

Basaham³

et al. 2008

mar

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“…In contrast, the oxygen deficiency in the deeper waters suggests intense microbial degradation of organic matter deriving from wastewater inputs and primary production. Oxygen oversaturation has previously been observed in the surface layer of the Al Shabab lagoon (El Sayed, 2002), whereas anoxic conditions associated with H 2 S formation prevail in the stagnant, high salinity bottom water of both lagoons (El-Rayis and Moammar, 1998) resulting in noxious degasing into the atmosphere. Despite the predominance of dilution processes, it can be assumed that the steep decrease in nutrient levels within small distances from the wastewater sources is not merely a result of dilution, but also related to the role of the lagoons as a natural nutrient stripper.…”

Section: Coastal Nutrient Patterns and Eutrophication Effectsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Wastewater discharge constitutes a considerable threat to the sensitive marine ecosystem, dominated by species-rich coral reef communities. Previous studies have indicated a significant enhancement in nutrient levels in the vicinity of wastewater outfalls (El Sayed, 2002;Al-Farawati, 2010), with secondary effects such as in increase phytoplankton biomass (Khomayis, 2002). These studies, however, were confined to discrete areas immediately adjacent to the outfalls and thus, did not allow for a comprehensive appraisal of nutrient inputs into the coastal water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…people, less than 50% of the current population (Shawly, 2008). A field survey conducted in 1997 by El Sayed (2002) estimated the total daily wastewater nutrient fluxes from the lagoons to be 2000 kg N and 800 kg P, which is, despite an increase in Jeddah's population to $2.1 mill., considerably higher than the flux estimates of 1350 kg N d À1 and 460 kg P d À1 reported in the present study for a population of 3.4 mill. This discrepancy reflects the efforts made over the past 5 years to improve wastewater treatment in the city, involving the up-scaling and upgrading of existing treatment stations, such as Al Khumra, as well as the construction of a new sewage treatment plant near the international airport (Jeddah Municipality, 2009).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Nutrient Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Input and dispersion of nutrients from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area, Red Sea

Peña-García

Ladwig

Turki

et al. 2014

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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Distribution and Sources of Hydrocarbon Compounds in Sediments from Obhur Lagoon: Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia

Rushdi

Rasul

Bazeyad

et al. 2018

Springer Oceanography

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Surface sediment samples from Obhur Lagoon on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia were collected and analyzed to determine the levels, distribution and sources of hydrocarbon compounds. The sediments were collected using a Van Veen grab sampler, dried, extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane/methanol, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major hydrocarbons of these lipid extracts included n-alkanes (6-645 ng g −1 ), methyl n-alkanoates (1-311 ng g −1 ), hopanes (3-219 ng g −1 ), steranes (5-258 ng g −1 ), phthalates (4-201 ng g −1 ), and an unresolved complex mixture (UCM) (0-4571 lg g −1 ). Anthropogenic petroleum products and plasticizers were the main sources of these hydrocarbons, with lesser amounts from biogenic sources, including natural waxes of terrestrial higher plants and marine microbial detritus. The estimated anthropogenic inputs of the total lipid hydrocarbons for all sediments ranged from 14 to 98% for petroleum products and from 2 to 18% for plasticizers, whereas biogenic inputs ranged from 0 to 10.7% for terrestrial higher plant waxes and from 0 to 68.5% for marine microbial detritus. The presence and inputs of petroleum residues and plasticizers to the coastal sediments of the lagoon likely affect the marine ecosystems and associated species groups that use the lagoon as a coastal nursery and spawning area.

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Effluent of a Sewage Treatment Station on the Eastern Red Sea Coast∶ Daily Cycle, Flux and Impact on the Coastal Area

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater used for the Irrigation of Green Areas in Jeddah: 1 – Chemical Characteristics

Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater used for the Irrigation of Green Areas in Jeddah: 1 – Chemical Characteristics

Input and dispersion of nutrients from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area, Red Sea

Distribution and Sources of Hydrocarbon Compounds in Sediments from Obhur Lagoon: Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia

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