Nitrogen and phosphorous uptake by potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and their use efficiency under potato-legume intercropping systems

Gitari, Harun I.; Karanja, NK; Gachene, Ckk; Kamau, Solomon; Sharma, Kalpana; Schulte-Geldermann, Elmar

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.03.019

Cited by 75 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The adverse effects of elevated soil temperatures on potato growth can be optimized by cropping systems capable of enhancing persistence of leaf area coverage. Intercropping is one of such systems well recommended due to its multiple benefits (Muthoni et al 2013;Gitari et al 2018aGitari et al , 2018bGitari et al , 2019Nyawade et al 2018a). Intercropping achieves greater complementarity of light use per unit area of land through the use of crop mixtures having different rooting ability, canopy structure, height, and nutrient requirements (Nyawade et al 2019a(Nyawade et al , 2019b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercropping Optimizes Soil Temperature and Increases Crop Water Productivity and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rainfed Potato

et al. 2019

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Integrating crop species with different photosynthetic pathways has great potential to increase efficiency in the use of scarce resources. In order to tap the resource complementarity emanating from this mix, this study intercropped potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with lima bean (Phaseolus lunatas L.) and dolichos (Lablab purpureous L.), and related soil temperature with radiation use efficiency and crop water productivity of rainfed potato in the upper midland (1552 m above sea level (masl), lowerhighland (1854 masl) and upper-highland (2553 masl)) agro-ecological zones of Kenya. Leaf area index (LAI), light interception, soil temperature and soil water contents (SWC) were quantified at different stages of potato growth and related with the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and crop water productivity (CWP) of potato. Intercropping increased crop LAI by 26-57% relative to sole potato stands and significantly lowered the soil temperatures in the 0-30 cm depth by up to 7.3°C. This caused an increase in SWC by up to 38%, thus increasing RUE by 56-78% and CWP by 45-67%. Intercropping potato with legumes is coupled with optimum root-zone soil temperature and soil water content, thus potentially exerting additive relations in radiation interception and subsequent conversion into crop biomass. ResumenLa integración de especies de cultivos con diferentes rutas fotosintéticas tiene un gran potencial para aumentar la eficiencia en el uso de escasos recursos. A fin de aprovechar la complementariedad de la fuente surgida de esta mezcla, en este estudio se intercaló la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) con el frijol lima (Phaseolus lunatus L.) y frijol de Egipto (Lablab purpureous L.), y se relacionó con temperatura del suelo, con el uso de la eficiencia radioactiva y la productividad del agua del cultivo de la papa de secano en área de altura media (1552 metros sobre el nivel del mar, masl), tierra elevada baja (1854 masl) y tierra elevada alta (2553 masl) en la zona agroecológica de Kenia. Se cuantificó el índice de área foliar (LAI), la intercepción de la luz, la temperatura del suelo y su contenido de agua (SWC), a diferentes etapas del crecimiento de la papa y se relacionó con el uso eficiente de la radiación (RUE) y la productividad del agua del cultivo de la papa (CWP). Los cultivos mezclados aumentaron el LAI en 26-27% en relación al cultivo de la papa sola y bajó significativamente las temperaturas del suelo en los 0-30 cm de profundidad hasta 7.3°C. Esto causó un incremento en SWC por hasta 38%, incrementando, por ende, la RUE en 56-78% y la CWP en 45-67%. Intercalando papas con leguminosas se acopla con la temperatura óptima de la zona radical del suelo y el contenido de agua, ejerciendo, en consecuencia, potencialidad en las relaciones aditivas en la intercepción de la radiación y la subsecuente conversión hacia la biomasa del cultivo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercropping Optimizes Soil Temperature and Increases Crop Water Productivity and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rainfed Potato

et al. 2019

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“…In Kenya, potato is the second most cultivated crop after maize with an annual production of about 3 million tonnes which is valued at USD 500 million (GIZ-PSDA, 2011;MoALF, 2016). This represents 8 to 15 t/ha in terms of average production relative to cultivated area which is low compared to the expected 30 to 40 t/ha under normal field conditions (Muthoni et al, 2013;Gitari et al, 2018). The low yield is mainly attributed to various challenges ranging from biotic to abiotic stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…This variety was chosen based on its agronomic traits and farmers preferences as it the most common potato cultivar cultivated in Nakuru County (Mwaniki et al, 2016;Gitari et al, 2018). Certified potato seeds of this cultivar were purchased from the Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) in Molo-Kenya and sown in autoclaved potted soil.…”

Section: Pathogenicity Test Of R Solanacearum On Potatomentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of Ralstonia solanacearum strains causing bacterial wilt of potato in Nakuru County of Kenya

Chamedjeu¹,

Masanga²,

Matiru³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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In Africa, cultivation of potato (Solanum tuberosum) represents an important food source and income generation. However, its productivity is constrained by biotic and abiotic stresses. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important constraint to the world potato industry. In Kenya, the disease affects 77% of potato farms causing yield losses of up to 100%. Control methods are limited mainly due to the broad diversity and wide spread of its pathogen. Understanding the population structure and geographical distribution of this pathogen is an important starting point in the development of effective control strategies. In this study, R. solanacearum strains affecting potato cultivation in Nakuru county were successfully isolated and characterized. Kelman's triphenyl tetrazolium chloride media were used to isolate the pathogen and 20 isolates were selected based on their virulence for further characterization and confirmation of their status at the molecular level through polymerase chain reaction using 759/760 primers and sequencing of partial endoglucanase (egl) gene. The phylogenetic assay was done using specific primers and it was found that the phylogenetic diversity was highly heterogeneous, since all the four phylotypes of R. solanacearum were identified. Phylotype I was the most prevalent phylotype and represented 50% of the collection. Based on their ability to utilize sugars and alcohols, all the isolates were grouped as biovar III except 2 (Rs18 and Rs49). The aggressiveness of isolated bacteria was then evaluated using a hypersensitive reaction test on tobacco and their virulence was further confirmed on a susceptible potato variety Shangi under greenhouse conditions. All isolates elicited a reaction in tobacco with different grades. They also showed varying levels of virulence with Rs6 isolate being the most virulent. Taken together, these findings provide baseline information for improvement programs targeting host-based resistance to multiple strains causing bacterial wilt of potato in this region.

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“…In related studies, vegetation cover has been shown to act as a thermal insulator allowing the soil to become neither too hot during the day nor too cold during the night (Jimenez et al 2007;Onwuka and Mang 2018). Soils covered with heavy canopy are characterized by high soil water infiltration and thus exhibit stable soil moisture contents (Nyawade et al 2018a;Gitari et al 2018b). Low soil moisture contents coupled with high ambient temperatures in the upper midland AEZ accelerated leaf senescence thus reducing the impact of crop cover on soil temperature moderation.…”

Section: Changes In Soil Temperature and Soil Water Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing soil nitrogen balance in a potato cropping system through legume intercropping

Nyawade

Karanja

Gachene

et al. 2020

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Negative nitrogen balance represents a major factor causing low potato yield in potato growing areas of Kenya while its excessive surplus poses a significant environmental concern. In order to synchronize this tradeoff, a field trial integrating potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) and dolichos (Lablab purpureus L.) in intercropping system was conducted in the upper midland [1552 m above sea level (masl), lower highland (1894 masl) and upper highland (2552 masl)] agro-ecological zones of Kenya. Nitrogen gains from mineralization, fertilization, biological fixation, and outputs from biomass accumulation, leaching, volatilization and soil erosion were quantified using standard procedures. Soil N balance ranged from-10.7 to-18.1 kg N ha-1 for sole potato, 4.1 to 6.6 kg N ha-1 for intercropping and 2.9 to 22.3 kg N ha-1 for sole legumes. The intermediate range of polyphenol and lignin contents in intercropping enhanced N mineralization with peak N release of 8 to 9 kg N ha-1 matching with peak N uptake by potato (19.9 to 31.2 kg N ha-1). Nitrate was leached below the active root zone in sole potato cropping (4.2 to 46.6 kg N ha-1), a process that was diverged by the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Nitrogen and phosphorous uptake by potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and their use efficiency under potato-legume intercropping systems

Cited by 75 publications

References 38 publications

Intercropping Optimizes Soil Temperature and Increases Crop Water Productivity and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rainfed Potato

Intercropping Optimizes Soil Temperature and Increases Crop Water Productivity and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rainfed Potato

Isolation and characterization of Ralstonia solanacearum strains causing bacterial wilt of potato in Nakuru County of Kenya

Optimizing soil nitrogen balance in a potato cropping system through legume intercropping

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