“…There are several proteins reported to be targets of NO 2 -FA electrophilic reactivity, for example, the p65 subunit of NF-κB [1], [23], [92], heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) [17], [19], [22], [67], [89], [93], mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 (MPK-1) [92], Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap 1) [17], [22], [46], [88], metalloproteinases (MMP-7 and MMP-9) [75], glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) [42], [94], protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) [95], and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels [96], [97], [98], [99] (Table 3). NO 2 -FA can also conduct their biological signaling roles by a receptor-dependent signaling action and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is one of the main targets, which is a significant route for the anti-inflammatory effect associated with NO 2 -FA derivatives [6], [23], [47], [65], [93], [100], [101], [102].…”