Nitroanilines enhancing the holographic data storage characteristics of the 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone‐doped poly(methyl methacrylate) photopolymer

Abstract

This article describes an approach toward improving the characteristics of a photopolymer for holographic data storage application. The maximum diffraction efficiency (g max ) and dynamic range (M#) of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ)-doped poly (methyl methacrylate; PMMA) both improved significantly after co-doping with one of three nitroanilines-N,N-dimethyl-4-nitroaniline (DMNA), N-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA), and 4-nitroaniline (pNA). In particular, the value of g max increased from 38% for the PMMA/PQ system to 72% for the PMMA/PQ/DMNA system (a 1.89-fold improvement) and the value of M# increased accordingly from 2.7 to 7.3 (a 2.70-fold improvement). Thus, the holographic data storage characteristics of PMMA/PQ photopolymers can be improved through co-doping with nitroaniline compounds. We also investigated the mechanism of the nitroaniline-induced improvement in optical storage performance using proton nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Holographic recording characteristics and physical mechanism of zinc methacrylate/nitroaniline‐co‐doped poly(methyl methacrylate)/9,10‐phenanthrenequinone photopolymers

“…The signals of all of the photopolymers (PMMA/PQ, PMMA/PQ/pNA, PMMA/PQ/MNA, PMMA/PQ/DMNA) underwent a blue shift to shorter wavelength after exposure. The strong blue shifts imply that the photoproducts were less conjugated than those of the unexposed photopolymers, consistent with our previous studies [8, 23]. To observe the effects of doping nitroaniline compounds into PMMA/PQ, we tested the sensitivity and dynamic range of holographic recordings performed at 514 nm.…”

“…Nitroaniline compounds, which are simple nonlinear optical (NLO) materials [21–23], possess both electron donor and acceptor groups within their structures. In a previous study [23], there were three different nitroaniline compounds ((4‐nitroaniline; pNA), ( N ‐Methyl‐4‐nitroaniline; MNA) and [ N , N ‐Dimethyl‐4‐nitroaniline; DMNA)] codoped into the PMMA/PQ photopolymer. Investigations show that the PMMA/PQ/DMNA photopolymer had greatest holographic characteristics than pNA and MNA system.…”

“…On the other hand, the DMNA did not react with either MMA or PQ to form new photoproducts when exposed to light. In the PMMA/PQ/DMNA system, the coexisting DMNA molecules affected the polarizability of PQ during the recording process [23, 24], which induces larger birefringence effects, thereby, improves the holographic characteristics. We suspected that doping with nitroaniline compounds possessing larger birefringence effects would improve the holographic characteristics.…”

“…The compounds with a higher dipole moment led to higher birefringence by the exposed samples and increased the holographic recording characteristics. Therefore, taking advantage of previous research [9, 16–23], in this study we codoped Zn(MA) 2 and nitroaniline into the PMMA/PQ photopolymer to enhance its holographic storage capacity and recording characteristics, as measured in terms of diffraction efficiency and dynamic range (M#). We also propose herein a recording mechanism, deduced from mass spectrometric and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses.…”

Современное Состояние Разработки Светочувствительных Сред Для Голографии (Обзор)

“…Для повышения светочувствительности в состав ма-териала ФХ-ПММА вводился металло-органический мо-номер -Zn-метакрилат [89]. Дополнительное введение в сoстав этого материала N, N-диметил-4-нитроанилина или его производных позволило повысить ДЭ голограмм до 86.2% [90,91].…”