Nitro-treatment of composted poultry litter; effects on Salmonella, E. coli and nitrogen metabolism

Ruiz-Barrera, Oscar; Ontiveros-Magadan, Marina; Anderson, Robin C.; Byrd, J. A.; Hume, Michael E.; Latham, Elizabeth; Nisbet, David J.; Arzola-Alvarez, Claudio; Salinas-Chavira, J.; Castillo-Castillo, Yamicela

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123459

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Variability in nitrogen concentrations in different litter sources is not unexpected, however, as numerous compositional, environmental, or managerial factors such as types of bedding sources used, ventilation, number of flocks reared, moisture, and humidity as well as temperature can affect nitrogen status ( 32 ). As reported earlier ( 8 , 30 , 33 ), uric acid increased in concentration as early as 3 days after the beginning of composting in the present experiments thereby adding support to the conclusion that the nitrogen in uric acid may exist in a reversible flux between the end products of uric acid degradation and uric acid synthesis as proposed by Mowrer et al ( 33 ). It seems reasonable to suspect that xanthine oxidase activity may catalyze the transformation of available purines to uric acid during the early, aerobic period of composting; however, it has been reported that xanthine oxidase activity may be inhibited by tannins ( 26 , 34 , 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Consequently, technologies are sought to preserve the crude protein value within poultry litter during composting. Recent research reported that chemical treatment of poultry litter with certain nitrocompounds decreased ammonia losses by 17 to 24% and increased uric acid accumulations by 18% during 9 days of composting ( 8 ). Additionally, the concentration of urea in litter treated with 3-nitropropionate, a naturally occurring compound found in certain leguminous forages as well as certain fungi, was increased by nearly 50% from initial concentrations after the 9-day compost period ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research reported that chemical treatment of poultry litter with certain nitrocompounds decreased ammonia losses by 17 to 24% and increased uric acid accumulations by 18% during 9 days of composting ( 8 ). Additionally, the concentration of urea in litter treated with 3-nitropropionate, a naturally occurring compound found in certain leguminous forages as well as certain fungi, was increased by nearly 50% from initial concentrations after the 9-day compost period ( 8 ). Similarly, Steiner et al ( 9 ) demonstrated that the addition of commercial pine chip biochar to composting broiler litter reduced total nitrogen losses by almost 25%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Select Tannin Sources on Pathogen Control and Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Composted Poultry Litter Intended for Use as a Ruminant Crude Protein Feedstuff

Arzola-Alvarez

Anderson²,

Hume³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Poultry litter is a good crude protein supplement for ruminants but must be treated to kill pathogens before feeding. Composting effectively kills pathogens but risks loss of ammonia due to uric acid degradation. The objectives of this study were to test the ability of tannins to reduce pathogens and preserve uric acid during poultry litter composting. In two experiments, poultry litter was mixed with phosphate buffer and distributed to 50-ml tubes (three tubes/treatment per sample day) amended with 1 ml buffer alone or buffer containing pine bark, quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins. Treatments achieved 0.63% (wt/wt) quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins in experiment 1, or 4.5% pine bark or 9% quebracho, chestnut, or mimosa tannins in experiment 2. Tubes were inoculated with a novobiocin- and nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella typhimurium, closed with caps, and incubated at successive 3-day increments at 22, 37, and 42°C, respectively. In experiment 1, bacterial counts in contents collected on days 0, 6, and 9 revealed a treatment by day effect (p < 0.03), with the Salmonella challenge being 1.3 log10 CFU/g higher in quebracho-treated composts than in untreated controls after 6 days of composting. After 9 days of composting, Salmonella, wildtype Escherichia coli, and total aerobes in untreated and all tannin-treated composts were decreased by about 2.0 log10 CFU/g compared to day 0 numbers (3.06, 3.75, and 7.77 log10 CFU/g, respectively). Urea and ammonia concentrations tended (p < 0.10) to be increased in chestnut-treated composts compared to controls and concentrations of uric acid, urea, and ammonia were higher (p < 0.05) after 9 days of composting than on day 0. Despite higher tannin application in experiment 2, antibacterial effects of treatment or day of composting were not observed (p > 0.05). However, treatment by time of composting interactions was observed (p < 0.05), with quebracho- and chestnut-treated composts accumulating more uric acid after 24 h and 9 days of composting and chestnut-, mimosa- or quebracho-treated composts accumulating less ammonia than untreated composts. Results demonstrate that composting may effectively control pathogens and that tannin treatment can help preserve the crude protein quality of composting poultry litter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Select Tannin Sources on Pathogen Control and Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Composted Poultry Litter Intended for Use as a Ruminant Crude Protein Feedstuff

Arzola-Alvarez

Anderson²,

Hume³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Both E. coli and Salmonella were below our detection limit in all treatments after 60 days. Ruiz-Barrera et al [9] reported that higher temperatures generated by stacking litter, and ammonia produced by the degradation of uric acid, urea and other nitrogenous compounds are known to be bactericidal for pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli in the compost containing poultry manure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Seafood Processing Sludge After Composting on Growth of Tagetes Patula L.

Nguyen¹,

Tran²,

Huynh³

2021

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Sludge of seafood processing factories discharged directly into the environment can lead to environmental pollution. Research on the use of seafood processing sludge as compost for agriculture in the Mekong Delta is encouraged. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the chemical composition of seafood processingsludge after 60 days composting and (2) to evaluate the growth of Tagetes patula L planted with composted sludge. The sludge composting experiment was carried out with 3 treatments: sludge + Trichoderma fungi; sludge + chicken manure + Trichoderma fungi; sludge + straw + chicken manure + Trichoderma fungi. The results showed that the treatment of sludge + straw + chicken manure + Trichoderma fungi had a betterquality than the other two treatments. The pH, TC, TN, NH+ 4 , NO- 3 , TP, PO3 4- and heavy metal(Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Hg) contents of sludge meet the environmental standard of Viet Nam (10TCN526:2002). E. coli and Salmonella were not present at the end of the composting experiment. Tagetes patula L grew and flowered on all 4 treatments: control – composted straw; sludge + Trichoderma fungi; sludge + chicken manure + Trichoderma fungi; sludge + straw + chicken manure + Trichoderma fungi. However,Tagetes patula L grew best on the sludge + Trichoderma fungi experimental condition .

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“…in pits, tanks, lagoons or mixed with bedding) for a period of time, to be later used as fertiliser in the form of slurry or compost applied directly to the land. Furthermore, the farmer may further store, compost or treat the manure prior to land application (Ruiz-Barrera et al, 2020). In this regard, best available techniques for use of manure on land and techniques for on-farm manure processing are included in Commission implementing Decision 2017/302 39 .…”

Section: Measures To Reduce Contamination Of Plant-based Foods By Amr Carried In Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role played by the environment in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the food chain

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The role of food-producing environments in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in EU plant-based food production, terrestrial animals (poultry, cattle and pigs) and aquaculture was assessed. Among the various sources and transmission routes identified, fertilisers of faecal origin, irrigation and surface water for plant-based food and water for aquaculture were considered of major importance. For terrestrial animal production, potential sources consist of feed, humans, water, air/dust, soil, wildlife, rodents, arthropods and equipment. Among those, evidence was found for introduction with feed and humans, for the other sources, the importance could not be assessed. Several ARB of highest priority for public health, such as carbapenem or extended-spectrum cephalosporin and/or fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacterales (including Salmonella enterica), fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis were identified. Among highest priority ARGs bla CTX-M , bla VIM , bla NDM , bla OXA-48like , bla OXA-23 , mcr, armA, vanA, cfr and optrA were reported. These highest priority bacteria and genes were identified in different sources, at primary and post-harvest level, particularly faeces/manure, soil and water. For all sectors, reducing the occurrence of faecal microbial contamination of fertilisers, water, feed and the production environment and minimising persistence/recycling of ARB within animal production facilities is a priority. Proper implementation of good hygiene practices, biosecurity and food safety management systems is very important. Potential AMR-specific interventions are in the early stages of development. Many data gaps relating to sources and relevance of transmission routes, diversity of ARB and ARGs, effectiveness of mitigation measures were identified. Representative epidemiological and attribution studies on AMR and its effective control in food production environments at EU level, linked to One Health and environmental initiatives, are urgently required.

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Nitro-treatment of composted poultry litter; effects on Salmonella, E. coli and nitrogen metabolism

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Select Tannin Sources on Pathogen Control and Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Composted Poultry Litter Intended for Use as a Ruminant Crude Protein Feedstuff

Effect of Select Tannin Sources on Pathogen Control and Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Composted Poultry Litter Intended for Use as a Ruminant Crude Protein Feedstuff

Assessment of Seafood Processing Sludge After Composting on Growth of Tagetes Patula L.

Role played by the environment in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the food chain

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