Nitrite toxicity to fathead minnows: Effect of fish weight

Palachek, Randy; Tomasso, Joseph R.

doi:10.1007/bf01607492

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This, however, could be explained by the very small size range of the fish. Palachek and Tomasso (1984) found that 96hLC50 NO 2 -values in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) weighing between 0.3 and 0.8 g were about 50% higher than those of fish weighing from 0.9 to 3.3 g. An even greater difference in tolerance to nitrites in relation to age was found by Atwood et al (2001) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The 96hLC50 for smaller fish (average weight 4.4 ± 1.50 g) was 266.17 mg·l -1 NO 2 -and larger fish (90.7 ± 16.43 g) demonstrated a 96hLC50 of 26.29 mg·l -1 NO 2 -.…”

Section: Tests Of Nomentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Bartlett and Neumann (1998) came to the same conclusion after studying sensitivity of brown trout alevins (Salmo trutta L.) to nitrite at different chloride concentrations. Thurston et al (1978) reported no difference in the sensitivity of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) weighing 1 and 3 g. Palachek and Tomasso (1984) followed the relationship between size and nitrite toxicity in warmwater fish, and concluded that fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) weighing between 0.3 and 0.8 g were more tolerant of nitrite than fish weighing from 0.9 to 3.3 g. The 96hLC50 for the smaller fish was about 50% higher than that of the larger fish. Atwood et al (2001) -.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nitrite Toxicity to Danio Rerio: Effects of Fish Age and Chloride Concentrations

2006

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Vosláfiová E., V. Pi‰tûková, Z. Svobodová: Nitrite Toxicity to Danio Rerio: Effects of Fish Age and Chloride Concentrations. Acta Vet. Brno 2006, 75: 107-113.The aim of the present study was to compare the acute nitrite toxicity for Danio rerio at the age of 20 -25 days (larval stage) and 2 -3 months (juvenile stage) at various chloride concentrations. The semistatic method according to OECD 203 was used in the tests. Nitrite (NO 2 -) is a naturally occurring anion in fresh and saline waters, its concentration in oxygenated waters is typically less than 0.005 mg·l -1 (Lewis and Morris 1986). Elevated concentration of nitrite can be found in water receiving nitrogenous effluents, in various hypoxic environments or in effluents from industries producing metal, dyes, and celluloid (Pitter 1999). The increased nitrite concentrations in water also present one of the frequent problems encountered both in aquaria and on fish farms. Sources of nitrites are mainly products of fish metabolism and decaying remains of food and faeces. In aquaria, fish are most frequently poisoned by nitrites that accumulate in the tank as a result of insufficient efficiency of biological filters (Adamsson et al. 1998;Etscheidt 2003; Dvofiák 2004;Svobodová et al. 2005a). An elevated ambient nitrite concentration is a potential problem for freshwater fish, since nitrite is actively taken up across the gills in competition with chloride (Maetz 1971;Williams and Eddy 1986;Jensen 2003).Nitrite toxicity to fish varies considerably and depends on a large number of external and internal factors whose importance is continuously verified and re-assessed. One of the important factors influencing nitrite toxicity for fish is the fish size and age. Lewis and Morris (1986) stated that small fish, even larvae, are unlikely to be more sensitive to nitrite than larger fish of the same species, and that there is definite evidence for some species that very small fish are less vulnerable to toxicity than fish of intermediate or large size. A study by Perrone and Meade (1977) indicated that coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fry have greater tolerance to nitrite than coho yearlings. This phenomenon has been also observed in other species of salmonids. An early study by Smith and W illiams (1974) on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) showed that small fish were less sensitive to 24h exposures of nitrite than larger ones. Russo et al. (1974) showed that rainbow trout larvae were slightly less susceptible to nitrite than larger fish and subsequent studies by Russo and ACTA VET. BRNO 2006, 75: 107-113

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Section: Tests Of Nomentioning

confidence: 81%

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confidence: 99%

Nitrite Toxicity to Danio Rerio: Effects of Fish Age and Chloride Concentrations

2006

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“…Nitrite LC 50-96h values are affected by waterborne Cl - (Russo & Thurston, 1977;Wise & Tomasso, 1989;Atwood et al, 2001), fish weight (Russo et al, 1974;Palachek & Tomasso 1984a;Atwood et al, 2001), pH (Russo et al, 1981), and species (Palachek & Tomasso, 1984a (Russo et al, 1974;Russo & Thurston, 1977) and cutthroat trout, Salmo clarkii (= Oncorynchus clarkii) (Thurston et al, 1978), up to 150-230 mg.L -1 in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas (Palachek & Tomasso, 1984b). Nitrite ) (Costa et al, 2004) are much lower than for silver catfish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival, growth and metabolic parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, juveniles exposed to different waterborne nitrite levels

et al. 2011

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High nitrite (NO 2 -) levels may develop in aquaculture systems due to high fish density, but studies of lethal concentration values and the effect of NO 2 -on metabolic parameters and growth are scarce. Consequently, in this study was verified the lethal concentration at 96 h (LC 50-96h ) for (NO . In addition, glucose levels in muscle and liver tissues were significantly lower in silver catfish exposed to the highest NO

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“…The lethal nitrite concentrations determined in other studies (Brown & McLeay 1975) are also well above values routinely found in standard rearing systems. In some species, younger ®sh are less vulnerable to nitrite toxicity than older ones (Palachek & Tomasso 1984). nitrite-N).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance response to ammonia and nitrite exposure in larvae of two marine fish species (gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. and Senegal sole Solea senegalensis Kaup)

Parra

Yúfera

1999

Aquaculture Research

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Gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. and Senegal sole Solea senegalensis Kaup are two species of ®sh that are of primary importance in Mediterranean aquaculture. In the present study, the larvae of these species were exposed to different concentrations of total ammonia and nitrite for 24 h to examine the toxicity of both nitrogenous compounds to larvae under rearing conditions. The non-ionized ammonia (NH 3 ) and nitrite (NO 2 ± ) 24-h LC 50 values were 0.24 p.p.m. and 1997 p.p.m., respectively, in 12day-old S. aurata larvae. According to the criteria of 10% of LC 50 value, the rearing water for gilthead seabream larvae has to have levels below 0.024 p.p.m. non-ionized ammonia and 200 p.p.m. nitrite-N to be safe. In 7-day-old S. senegalensis larvae, the non-ionized ammonia (NH 3 ) 24-h LC 50 value was 1.32 p.p.m. No deaths occurred when S. senegalensis larvae were exposed to nitrite concentrations of up to 2000 p.p.m. for 24 h. Both species showed different tolerance levels to the two nitrogenous compounds and also showed differences in resistance to toxicity tests. S. senegalensis larvae were more resistant. This is probably associated with the greater amount of mucus in their skin.

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Nitrite toxicity to fathead minnows: Effect of fish weight

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Nitrite Toxicity to Danio Rerio: Effects of Fish Age and Chloride Concentrations

Nitrite Toxicity to Danio Rerio: Effects of Fish Age and Chloride Concentrations

Survival, growth and metabolic parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, juveniles exposed to different waterborne nitrite levels

Tolerance response to ammonia and nitrite exposure in larvae of two marine fish species (gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L. and Senegal sole Solea senegalensis Kaup)

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