Nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Yıldız, Hijran Yavuzcan; Köksal, Gülten; Borazan, G.; Benli, Ç. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00761.x

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Small tilapia (1.8 g) had a 96-h LC 50 of 28.18 mg/l nitrite with MetHb levels of approximately 85% in low sodium chloride water (35 mg/l), but the tolerance to nitrite increased at high water sodium chloride (70 mg/l) to 44.67 mg/l with lower MetHb formation (50%) (Yanbo et al 2006). Their results were very similar to what was observed at similar water chloride concentrations (*30 mg/l), where pre-challenge MetHb levels in this study were approximately 4-8% of total Hb, which is within the range of 2-8% normally observed in tilapia (Yildiz et al 2006;Yanbo et al 2006). Post-exposure MetHb levels increased significantly, averaging 86.4 and 91.6% at 5 and 10 weeks, respectively, indicating an acute level of nitrite toxicity (Lewis and Morris 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Most nitrite-related mortality has been attributed to methemoglobinemia resulting in suffocation from anoxia, but other mechanisms may be involved, such as fatal liver dysfunction (Lewis and Morris 1986), interference with ionic balance, decreased cardiovascular function, disturbances of endocrine function (Jensen 2003), or by nitrite toxicity directly (Yildiz et al 2006), and in tilapia and other fish species, mortality from nitrite toxicity can vary considerably (Lewis and Morris 1986). Methemoglobin levels of 70-80% normally cause torpor in fish, while levels approaching 100% can be lethal causing fish to die from anoxia (Lewis and Morris 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tilapia exposed to non-lethal levels of nitrite are able to fully recover (Yildiz et al 2006). The effects of nitrite toxicity on tilapia have not been studied as extensively as in other fish species, such as channel catfish, but like other fishes, the toxic effects of nitrite exposure have varied considerably with the test conditions (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Susceptibility of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with dietary sodium chloride to nitrite toxicity

et al. 2011

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Juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed with diets supplemented with 0 or 6% NaCl for 10 weeks. Tilapia were exposed to approximately 21 mg/l nitrite-N after 5 and 10 weeks of feeding to determine the effect of dietary NaCl supplementation on resistance to nitrite toxicity. Fish were sampled before (baseline, pre-exposure) and after 24 h nitrite exposure to determine the effects of dietary NaCl on mortality, hematology (hematocrit, hemoglobin, and methemoglobin), and plasma electrolyte dynamics (nitrite, chloride, sodium, and potassium). After 10 weeks of feeding, tilapia were also challenged with Streptococcus iniae to determine the effect of sodium chloride on immunity. Tilapia fed with the NaCl-supplemented diet had significantly higher weight gain compared with the control group, which was associated with a significant increase in feed intake in the NaCl group. Mortality from nitrite exposure was lower in tilapia fed with the NaClsupplemented diet compared with the control group at 5 and 10 weeks, but the differences were not significant. However, dietary NaCl supplementation caused a significant decrease in plasma nitrite levels after nitrite exposure. The dietary reduction in nitrite may be related to the increase in plasma chloride in the 6% NaCl-supplemented fish. A direct link between the effects of dietary NaCl supplementation on methemoglobin (MetHb) could not be established. Tilapia in this study were subjected to acute nitrite toxicity. Dietary sodium chloride may be more effective in protecting against nitrite toxicity at lower levels of nitrite, but the conditions at which it proves to be effective may be limited and requires further investigation. Feeding NaCl to tilapia did not affect susceptibility to S. iniae or immune function, but nitrite exposure cause a stress-related reduction in non-specific immune function. This is the first study to examine the effects of dietary salt on nitrite toxicity in tilapia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with dietary sodium chloride to nitrite toxicity

et al. 2011

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“…The NO2 − -N concentrations that are reported to cause methemoglobin increases in tilapia are in the range of 0.50 and 1.38 mg/L [23]. These are higher values than those reported in the present work.…”

Section: Fish and Plant Productioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Evaluation of Biomass Yield and Water Treatment in Two Aquaponic Systems Using the Dynamic Root Floating Technique (DRF)

et al. 2015

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were measured in fish culture and hydroponic culture once a week at two times, morning (9:00 a.m.) and afternoon (3:00 p.m.). The fish biomass production was not different in any treatment (p > 0.05) and the total plant yield was greater (p < 0.05) in PAK than in COR. For the hydroponic culture in the a.m., the PO4 in PAK than in COR. The PAK treatment demonstrated higher food production and water treatment efficiency than the other two treatments.

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“…MetHb reduces the total oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood [16]. Nitrite exposure resulted in a reduction in haemoglobin and haematocrit in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with mild methaemoglobinaemia following exposure to 0.50 and 1.38 mg·L −1 NO 2 − -N for 48-h static tests [17]. Nitrite exposure in the range of 0.50 and 1.38 mg·L −1 NO 2 − -N caused an increase in methaemoglobin levels.…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Welfare in Aquaponic Systems: Its Relation to Water Quality with an Emphasis on Feed and Faeces—A Review

Yıldız

Robaina

Pirhonen

et al. 2017

Water

164

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Abstract:Aquaponics is the combination of aquaculture (fish) and hydroponic cultivation of plants. This review examines fish welfare in relation to rearing water quality, fish feed and fish waste and faeces to develop a sustainable aquaponic system where the co-cultured organisms, fish, bacteria in biofilters and plants, should be considered holistically in all aquaponics operations. Water quality parameters are the primary environmental consideration for optimizing aquaponic production and for directly impacting fish welfare/health issues and plant needs. In aquaponic systems, the uptake of nutrients should be maximised for the healthy production of the plant biomass but without neglecting the best welfare conditions for the fish in terms of water quality. Measures to reduce the risks of the introduction or spread of diseases or infection and to increase biosecurity in aquaponics are also important. In addition, the possible impacts of allelochemicals, i.e., chemicals released by the plants, should be taken into account. Moreover, the effect of diet digestibility, faeces particle size and settling ratio on water quality should be carefully considered. As available information is very limited, research should be undertaken to better elucidate the relationship between appropriate levels of minerals needed by plants, and fish metabolism, health and welfare. It remains to be investigated whether and to what extent the concentrations of suspended solids that can be found in aquaponic systems can compromise the health of fish. Water quality, which directly affects fish health and well-being, is the key factor to be considered in all aquaponic systems.

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Nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Susceptibility of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with dietary sodium chloride to nitrite toxicity

Susceptibility of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with dietary sodium chloride to nitrite toxicity

Evaluation of Biomass Yield and Water Treatment in Two Aquaponic Systems Using the Dynamic Root Floating Technique (DRF)

Fish Welfare in Aquaponic Systems: Its Relation to Water Quality with an Emphasis on Feed and Faeces—A Review

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