Nitrite in exhaled breath condensate as a marker of nitrossative stress in the airways of patients with asthma, COPD, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Řihák, Vladimír; Zatloukal, Petr; Chládková, Jiřina; Zimulová, Alena; Havlínová, Zuzana; Chládek, Jaroslav

doi:10.1002/jcla.20408

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…EBC nitrate reflects the severity of asthma better than nitrite or exhaled nitric oxide 56 . Our observed nitrite and nitrate concentrations in EBC were comparable to those found in healthy humans 23,54,57 , suggesting healthy lung conditions during our study period. An insufficient time or intensity of the mechanical insult may explain the absence of significant changes in EBC nitrite or nitrate in our study patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Early Effect of Tidal Volume on Lung Injury Biomarkers in Surgical Patients With Healthy Lungs

Fernandez-Bustamante

Klawitter

Repine

et al. 2015

Survey of Anesthesiology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Early Effect of Tidal Volume on Lung Injury Biomarkers in Surgical Patients With Healthy Lungs

Fernandez-Bustamante

Klawitter

Repine

et al. 2015

Survey of Anesthesiology

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“…Nitrate constitutes the most oxidized NO metabolite ( Figure 1) and while nitrite can be reduced to NO by different cell types, human cells cannot reduce nitrate to nitrite [31]. Both nitrite and nitrate have been measured before in EBC samples from spontaneously breathing patients, and our results are similar to reported levels from healthy adults [35][36][37]. The decreased NO production and nitrosative stress in EBC of obese patients without respiratory disease has not been previously reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Exhaled Breath Condensate Nitrate Levels are Inversely Associated with the Body Mass Index of Patients without Respiratory Disease

Fern

ezBustamante²,

Seres³

et al. 2015

J Pulm Respir Med

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“…ROS can react with lipids to form stable compounds, such as 8-isoprotane. Increased EBC concentrations of nitrite and nitrate and 8-isoprostane have been associated with exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis (45)(46)(47)(48)(49). However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no published studies reporting EBC nitrite and nitrate changes in relation to air pollution exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses of Healthy Young Adults to Changes in Air Quality during the Beijing Olympics

Huang

Wang²,

Lu³

et al. 2012

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

217

172

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Rationale: Unprecedented pollution control actions during the Beijing Olympics provided a quasi-experimental opportunity to examine biologic responses to drastic changes in air pollution levels. Objectives: To determine whether changes in levels of biomarkers reflecting pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary and systemic oxidative stress were associated with changes in air pollution levels in healthy young adults. Methods: We measured fractional exhaled nitric oxide, a number of exhaled breath condensate markers (H 1 , nitrite, nitrate, and 8-isoprostane), and urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in 125 participants twice in each of the pre-(high pollution), during-(low pollution), and post-Olympic (high pollution) periods. We measured concentrations of air pollutants near where the participants lived and worked. We used mixed-effects models to estimate changes in biomarker levels across the three periods and to examine whether changes in biomarker levels were associated with changes in pollutant concentrations, adjusting for meteorologic parameters. Measurements and Main Results: From the pre-to the during-Olympic period, we observed significant and often large decreases (ranging from 24.5% to 272.5%) in levels of all the biomarkers. From the during-Olympic to the post-Olympic period, we observed significant and larger increases (48-360%) in levels of these same biomarkers. Moreover, increased pollutant concentrations were consistently associated with statistically significant increases in biomarker levels. Conclusions: These findings support the important role of oxidative stress and that of pulmonary inflammation in mediating air pollution health effects. The findings demonstrate the utility of novel and noninvasive biomarkers in the general population consisting largely of healthy individuals.Keywords: air pollution; inflammation; oxidative stress; respiratory health; the Beijing Olympics Increased air pollution concentrations have previously been associated with increased cardiorespiratory mortality and morbidity (1-5). However, observational and experimental studies in humans or animals have generated limited and somewhat inconsistent data supporting several postulated pathophysiologic pathways (6-10). One of these is the hypothesis that inhaled pollutants can react rapidly with extracelluar macromolecules or cell constituents in the airway epithelium to generate reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (e.g., free radicals and peroxides), inducing local and systemic oxidative or nitrosative stress and subsequent inflammation (11).Pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress responses to air pollution have been examined in human studies using several noninvasive biomarkers in exhaled breath and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) (7,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Increased air pollution levels have been associated with increased levels of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO ), reflecting pulmonary inflammation, in children and the elderly (12)(13)(14)(15)(19)(20)(21)(22). Traffic pollution exposure has been associated...

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Nitrite in exhaled breath condensate as a marker of nitrossative stress in the airways of patients with asthma, COPD, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Abstract: EBC nitrite is a suitable marker of nitrossative stress in adult patients with lung diseases but cannot differentiate controlled and exacerbated asthma. Further improvements to the methods of EBC collection and sample handling are warranted.

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Early Effect of Tidal Volume on Lung Injury Biomarkers in Surgical Patients With Healthy Lungs

Early Effect of Tidal Volume on Lung Injury Biomarkers in Surgical Patients With Healthy Lungs

Exhaled Breath Condensate Nitrate Levels are Inversely Associated with the Body Mass Index of Patients without Respiratory Disease

Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses of Healthy Young Adults to Changes in Air Quality during the Beijing Olympics

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