Nitrite and nitrate synthesis from pyruvic-oxime by anAlcaligenes sp.

Effects of Organic Acids on Heterotrophic Nitrification byAlcaligenes faecalisOKK17

“…This is consistent with the results of other studies. 9,13) Resting cells of Alcaligenes sp. have a high activity of heterotrophic nitrification provided that acetate or pyruvate is added as the carbon source.…”

“…have a high activity of heterotrophic nitrification provided that acetate or pyruvate is added as the carbon source. 13) The metabolism of acetate increases nitrification in Arthrobacter sp. without appreciable growth of the organism.…”

Heterotrophic nitrification by a thermophilicBacillusspecies as influenced by different culture conditions

“…First, numerous organic and inorganic substances can be used as N-sources for heterotrophic nitrification (Focht and Verstraete 1977), and an organic carbon source is necessary not only for growth of the organisms, but also for nitrification of at least inorganic N-sources (Hylin and Matsumoto 1960;Verstraete and Alexander 1972b). Concerning the products of heterotrophic nitrification, hydroxylamine is often the intermediate product, and hydroxamates can be the main product (Verstraete 1974); but the final product of heterotrophic nitrification generally is nitrite (Obaton et al 1968;Verstraete andAlexander 1972a, 1972b;Castignetti and Hollocher 1984), although sometimes some nitrate formation was observed in bacterial cultures (Gunner 1963;Verstraete and Alexander 1972a;Castignetti and Gunner 1981;Papen et al 1989), and most fungi mainly excrete nitrate (Eylar and Schmidt 1959;Marshall and Alexander 1962). In addition, contrary to autotrophic nitrifiers, some heterotrophic microorganisms can carry out dual activity.…”

“…Moreover, during the last decade, Robertson and co-workers' studies have revealed that the low activity was attributed to the simultaneous occurrence of two processes, heterotrophic nitrification leading to the formation of nitrite from ammonia, and aerobic denitrification, reducing the nitrite to dinitrogen gas (Robertson and Kuenen 1990). Yet, relatively high nitrite production has been observed, and the influence of culture conditions has been demonstrated (Castignetti and Gunner 1981;Castignetti and Hollocher 1984;Kuenen and Robertson 1987).…”

Heterotrophic nitrification among denitrifiers

“…The most active heterotrophic nitrifier as yet reported is an Alcaligenes sp. isolated from soil (5,6,8,9). This bacterium can oxidize pyruvic oxime (PO) but is inactive, or nearly so, toward some other simple oximes (8,9).…”