Nitrifier dominance of Arctic soil nitrous oxide emissions arises due to fungal competition with denitrifiers for nitrate

Siciliano, Steven D.; K., Wai; Ferguson, Susan H.; Farrell, Richard E.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.02.024

Cited by 58 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The bacterial and archaeal amoA gene abundance is similar to what previously seen in arctic (10 5 to 10 7 and 10 6 to 10 8 copies g of dry soil Ϫ1 , respectively), agricultural (10 6 and 10 7 copies g of dry soil Ϫ1 , respectively), and pristine (10 7 and 10 8 copies g of dry soil Ϫ1 , respectively) soils (31,34,36,63,64). The high abundance of bacterial and archaeal ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria may indicate the existence of microhabitat partitioning and distinct ecological niches in arctic soils (61).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…1). The Truelove Lowland site (75°40=N, 84°35=W) has already been extensively described (6,37,64). The average July soil temperature in the upper 5 cm in 2008 was 13°C, with a maximum value of 24°C and a minimum of 6°C (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This coastal lowland is situated on the northeastern coast of Devon Island, and it covers an area of 43 km 2 of Devon Island's 55,000-km 2 area. The topography of Truelove Lowland is distinguished by a series of raised beach crest ridge, lower foresope, and wet sedge meadow with regosolic static cryosols, brunisolic eutric turbic cryosols, and gleysolic turbic cryosols, respectively (64). The mean annual air temperature is approximately Ϫ16°C, with the highest recorded daily temperature of 21°C in July and Ϫ45°C as the lowest monthly temperatures (6,37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Banerjee

Siciliano

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Ammonia oxidation is a major process in nitrogen cycling, and it plays a key role in nitrogen limited soil ecosystems such as those in the arctic. Although mm-scale spatial dependency of ammonia oxidizers has been investigated, little is known about the field-scale spatial dependency of aerobic ammonia oxidation processes and ammonia-oxidizing archaeal and bacterial communities, particularly in arctic soils. The purpose of this study was to explore the drivers of ammonia oxidation at the field scale in cryosols (soils with permafrost within 1 m of the surface). We measured aerobic ammonia oxidation potential (both autotrophic and heterotrophic) and functional gene abundance (bacterial amoA and archaeal amoA) in 279 soil samples collected from three arctic ecosystems. The variability associated with quantifying genes was substantially less than the spatial variability observed in these soils, suggesting that molecular methods can be used reliably evaluate spatial dependency in arctic ecosystems. Ammoniaoxidizing archaeal and bacterial communities and aerobic ammonia oxidation were spatially autocorrelated. Gene abundances were spatially structured within 4 m, whereas biochemical processes were structured within 40 m. Ammonia oxidation was driven at small scales (<1m) by moisture and total organic carbon, whereas gene abundance and other edaphic factors drove ammonia oxidation at medium (1 to 10 m) and large (10 to 100 m) scales. In these arctic soils heterotrophs contributed between 29 and 47% of total ammonia oxidation potential. The spatial scale for aerobic ammonia oxidation genes differed from potential ammonia oxidation, suggesting that in arctic ecosystems edaphic, rather than genetic, factors are an important control on ammonia oxidation.A pproximately 13% of world's total land area is underlain by permafrost and in Canada permafrost-affected soils comprise 3.7 million km 2 or ca. 40% of the land mass (67). These soil ecosystems differ from others due to their low annual mean temperatures, long winters, short growing seasons, frequent cryoturbation (soil movement because of frost action), and gelifluction (slow downslope movement of waterlogged soil over permafrost layer and formation of lobe-shaped features). A key feature of these arctic ecosystems compared to temperate ecosystems is that substantial ammonia (as much as 14 mg m Ϫ2 NH 4 ϩ -N) is produced over the winter period and the fate of this ammonia is crucial to the productivity of the above ground ecosystems (8). Climate change will impact snow cover and mean annual temperatures, and this is going to significantly increase the over-winter nitrogen mineralization (8), yet we know very little about fieldscale ammonia oxidation processes in arctic ecosystems. The oxidation of ammonia to nitrite is the first and rate-limiting step of nitrification. In soil, ammonia oxidation is regulated by a combination of the ammonia-oxidizing communities (59) and soil physicochemical properties (7). The purpose of this investigation was to characterize how the biol...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Banerjee

Siciliano

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Large nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions were recently observed in PC (Repo et al, 2009). The discovery of these high N 2 O fluxes in tundra was surprising since rates of denitrification, the main source of N 2 O, are generally low in Arctic soils due to low nutrient status and high competition for N between plants and microbes (Ludwig et al, 2006;Siciliano et al, 2009). In PC lacking plant cover, however, a sufficient amount of mineral N is readily available for N 2 O production (Repo et al, 2009;Marushchak et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in N₂Fixation in Subarctic Tundra in Relation to Landscape Position and Nitrogen Pools and Fluxes

Diáková

Biasi

Čapek

et al. 2016

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…Ammonia oxidation is the rate-limiting step of nitrification (Klotz and Stein 2011). Ammonia oxidation produces nitrous oxide (N 2 O) as a by-product (Prosser 1990), and ammonia oxidizers in Arctic ecosystems contribute to N 2 O production (e.g., Ma et al 2007;Siciliano et al 2009). N 2 O is a potent greenhouse gas and is currently a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance (Myhre et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ammonia oxidation potentials and ammonia oxidizers in mineral soil under Salix polaris–moss vegetation in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Hayashi

Shimomura²,

Morimoto

et al. 2015

Polar Biol

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Although nitrification is a unique and important process in the nitrogen cycle with respect to ammonium consumption and nitrate production, limited information on this process is available for high-Arctic soils. We elucidated the ammonia oxidation potentials (AOPs) and characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in mineral soils under climax vegetation, i.e., Salix polaris (polar willow)-moss vegetation, on a coastal hill in Ny-Å lesund, Svalbard. AOPs at 10°C were determined by incubation with sufficient substrate (2 mM ammonium). The ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) genes of AOB and AOA were analyzed by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. AOPs ranged from 1.1 to 14.1 ng N g -1 dry soil h -1 -relatively low but of a similar order to the gross nitrification rates reported in another Svalbard study. AOP was positively correlated with thickness of the moss layer (P \ 0.01), soil water content, and ammonium nitrogen content (P \ 0.05). The population sizes of both AOB and AOA were not significantly related to AOP or edaphic factors. For AOB-amoA, six major operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified, all of which were classified into the Nitrosospira Mount Everest cluster. For AOAamoA, six major OTUs were also identified, five of which were grouped with sequences from cold environments within clade A of the Nitrososphaera cluster, i.e., species known to have low, or no, AOP. It is, therefore, possible that the AOPs measured at the study site were driven mainly by psychrotolerant AOB.

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Nitrifier dominance of Arctic soil nitrous oxide emissions arises due to fungal competition with denitrifiers for nitrate

Cited by 58 publications

References 47 publications

Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Variation in N₂Fixation in Subarctic Tundra in Relation to Landscape Position and Nitrogen Pools and Fluxes

Characteristics of ammonia oxidation potentials and ammonia oxidizers in mineral soil under Salix polaris–moss vegetation in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

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Nitrifier dominance of Arctic soil nitrous oxide emissions arises due to fungal competition with denitrifiers for nitrate

Cited by 58 publications

References 47 publications

Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Factors Driving Potential Ammonia Oxidation in Canadian Arctic Ecosystems: Does Spatial Scale Matter?

Variation in N2Fixation in Subarctic Tundra in Relation to Landscape Position and Nitrogen Pools and Fluxes

Characteristics of ammonia oxidation potentials and ammonia oxidizers in mineral soil under Salix polaris–moss vegetation in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

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Product

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Variation in N₂Fixation in Subarctic Tundra in Relation to Landscape Position and Nitrogen Pools and Fluxes