Nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase activity in a subpopulation of intrinsic neurones of the guinea-pig heart

Hassall, C. J. S.; Saffrey, M. Jill; Belai, Abebech; Hoyle, Charles H.V.; Moules, E. W.; Moss, Jonathan; Schmidt, Harald; Murad, Ferid; Förstermann, Ulrich; Burnstock, Geoffrey

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90234-x

Cited by 107 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…NADPH-d, involved in the reduction of tetrazolium salts to insoluble formazans, and NOS, which catalyzes the protein-kinase modulated conversion of arginine to NO and citrulline are thought to constitute properties of the same molecule. Both enzymes were correlated histochemically by comparable regional distributions in most areas of the PNS and CNS Dawson et al, 1991;Hope et al, 1991;Belai et al, 1992;Hassall et al, 1992). Our incubation times were comparable to those found previously to label the fraction of NADPH-d associated with the brain NOS isoenzyme.…”

Section: Nadphdsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Our incubation times were comparable to those found previously to label the fraction of NADPH-d associated with the brain NOS isoenzyme. These parameters were critical since prolonged histochemical reaction times have produced, in some regions, widespread staining of cells in which NADPH-d may be associated with enzymes other than NOS (Hope et al, 1991;Hassall et al, 1992). Because NADPH-d is thought not to necessarily confer NOS-enzyme activity, also critical to our interpretation is evidence that fixation may destroy the non-NOS fraction.…”

Section: Nadphdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation

Otake

Ruggiero

1995

J. Neurosci.

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The neurochemical identities of afferents to the midline thalamus were investigated in chloral hydrate-anesthetized adult Sprague-Dawley rats. The retrograde tracers, FluoroGold or cholera toxin B subunit, were centered on the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (n.Pvt), a periventricular member of the diffuse thalamocortical projection system that is reciprocally linked with visceral areas of cerebral cortex and implicated in food intake and addictive behavior. Tissues were processed with antisera raised against 5-HT, the catecholamine- synthesizing enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase or phenylethanolamine N- methyltransferase or the cholinergic anabolic enzyme, ChAT. Serotonergic afferents principally derive from dorsal and median constituents of the mesopontine raphe. Previously unrecognized sources of catecholaminergic afferents were detected. Adrenergic afferents were traced to neurons in the C1 and C3 areas of rostral medullary reticular formation and periventricular gray, respectively, and the C2 area corresponding to the dorsal general viscerosensory field of nucleus tractus solitarii. Noradrenergic afferents arise principally from neurons in the locus ceruleus and A5 area. Dopaminergic projections to the n.Pvt derive from the A14, A13 and A11 cell groups in diencephalon. Afferents presumed to generate nitric oxide (NO) as a diffusible membrane-permeant transcellular signal were detected by processing retrogradely labeled tissues histochemically for NADPH-diaphorase, a molecule associated with nitric oxide synthase. NO in the n.Pvt is generated predominantly by noncholinergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area and mesopontine tegmentum. In striking contrast, extensive interactions were predicted between NO and ACh in the central medial and other loci in the nondiscriminative thalamus. We conclude that the n.Pvt is a site of interaction of NO and monoaminergic afferents derived from nuclei implicated in sensory gating, regulation of electrocortical neural activity and behavior. Taken collectively, our data predict that the labile transcellular messenger NO may enable structurally differentiated subnuclei of the diffuse thalamocortical projection system to act in concert as a functionally unified unit.

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Section: Nadphdsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Nadphdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation

Otake

Ruggiero

1995

J. Neurosci.

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“…The neurochemical makeup of the intrinsic cardiac ganglia is heterogeneous and includes a variety of neurochemical markers (see 41,42). For example, subpopulations of atrial intrinsic neurons from newborn guinea pigs immunostain for NPY, 5-HT, heme oxygenase-2, and NOS, and these neurons probably also utilize ACh and ATP.…”

Section: Postjunctional Neuromodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Neurotransmission: 60 Years Since Sir Henry Dale

Burnstock

2009

Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.

109

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In the early twentieth century, Sir Henry Dale and others described brilliant studies of autonomic neurotransmission utilizing acetylcholine and noradrenaline. However, within the past 60 years, new discoveries have changed our understanding of the organization of the autonomic nervous system, including the structure and function of the nonsynaptic autonomic neuroeffector junction, the multiplicity of neurotransmitters, cotransmission, neuromodulation, dual control of vascular tone by perivascular nerves and endothelial cells, the molecular biology of receptors, and trophic signaling. Further, it is now recognized that an outstanding feature of autonomic neurotransmission is the inherent plasticity afforded by its structural and neurochemical organization and the interaction between expression of neural mediators and environmental factors. In this way, autonomic neurotransmission is matched to ongoing changes in demands and can sometimes be compensatory in pathophysiological situations.

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“…NOS in neurons was localized using specific antisera (6761-9 and 6763-5) raised against NOS purified from the rat cerebellum (courtesy of U. FORSTERMANN). Other studies in our laboratory have shown that these antisera give specific labelling for NOS in other autonomic ganglia HASSALL et al, 1992;SAFFREY et al, 1992). For double labelling, NADPH-diaphorase staining was carried out prior to immunolabelling.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

NADPH-diaphorase is Colocalized with Nitric Oxide Synthase and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in Rat Pancreatic Neurons in Culture.

Tay

Moules

1994

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Summary. NADPH-diaphorase activity together with nitric oxide synthase-and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactivities were examined in the neurons of the rat pancreas in culture. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactivities were localized in a subpopulation of neurons which were also NADPH-diaphorase positive. All neurons expressing colocalized activities for NOS/ VIP and NADPH-diaphorase were solitary cells in culture. Each of these double-labelled neurons was characterized by a round or oval cell body, with short and long processes emanating from it. Some of these processes traversed several micrometres before terminating on the exocrine acinar and endocrine cells. The present study provides evidence that nitric oxide may act as a regulatory agent in the inhibitory neural control of the secretory functions in the pancreas, thereby maintaining the milieu interieur of the organism.

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Nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase activity in a subpopulation of intrinsic neurones of the guinea-pig heart

Cited by 107 publications

References 15 publications

Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation

Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation

Autonomic Neurotransmission: 60 Years Since Sir Henry Dale

NADPH-diaphorase is Colocalized with Nitric Oxide Synthase and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in Rat Pancreatic Neurons in Culture.

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