Nitric Oxide Photoreleasers with Fluorescent Reporting

Fraix, Aurore; Parisi, Cristina; Seggio, Mimimorena; Sortino, Salvatore

doi:10.1002/chem.202101662

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Therefore, NO donors with precise spatiotemporal control of NO release are highly desirable to realize the full potential of NO [ 27 , 28 ]. To this end, light-activatable NO donors, namely NO photodonors (NOPD), are very appealing due to the superb spatiotemporal control light trigger offers [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Only in recent years the combination of NOPD with conventional chemotherapeutics has been reported [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], highlighting the double role of photo-released NO as a cytotoxic agent [ 34 ] and inhibitor of the cellular efflux pumps [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Sorafenib through Its Combination with a Nitric Oxide Photodelivering β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

et al. 2022

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In this contribution, we report a strategy to enhance the therapeutic action of the chemotherapeutic Sorafenib (SRB) through its combination with a multifunctional β-cyclodextrin-based polymer able to deliver nitric oxide (NO) and emit green fluorescence upon visible light excitation (PolyCDNO). The basically water-insoluble SRB is effectively encapsulated in the polymeric host (1 mg mL−1) up to a concentration of 18 μg mL−1. The resulting host-guest supramolecular complex is able to release SRB in sink conditions and to preserve very well the photophysical and photochemical properties of the free PolyCDNO, as demonstrated by the similar values of the NO release and fluorescence emission quantum efficiencies found. The complex PolyCDNO/SRB internalizes in HEP-G2 hepatocarcinoma, MCF-7 breast cancer and ACHN kidney adenocarcinoma cells, localizing in all cases mainly at the cytoplasmic level. Biological experiments have been performed at SRB concentrations below the IC50 and with light doses producing NO at nontoxic concentrations. The results demonstrate exceptional mortality levels for PolyCDNO/SRB upon visible light irradiation in all the different cell lines tested, indicating a clear synergistic action between the chemotherapeutic drug and the NO. These findings can open up exciting avenues to potentiate the anticancer action of SRB and, in principle, to reduce its side effects through its use at low dosages when in combination with the photo-regulated release of NO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Sorafenib through Its Combination with a Nitric Oxide Photodelivering β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

et al. 2022

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“…Studies ( 20 – 22 ) have shown that vascular endothelial function is closely related to the dynamic levels of NO and ET-1, where ET-1 acts on ETA receptors in smooth muscle cells to promote calcium ion release and enhance extracellular calcium ion inward flow, resulting in strong vasoconstriction, which leads to an increase in SVR. NO is an important vasodilator with the opposite effect of ET-1, which is widely distributed in the body and can modulate vascular tone, inhibit platelet monthly endothelial adhesion and thrombosis to prevent vascular endothelial disorders and atherosclerosis ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of NO and ET-1 Levels with Blood Pressure Changes in Hemodialysis Patients after Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery

Sun

2022

Front. Surg.

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Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and can significantly reduce mortality and improve the quality of life of patients. The occurrence of intradialytic hypotension and intradialytic hypertension are important risk factors for death and disability during dialysis in patients with ESRD, yet their etiology remains unclear, and some studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) may play an important role in these hemodynamic alterations. For this purpose we examined the changes in NO and ET-1 levels during hemodialysis in 30 patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) after arteriovenous fistula surgery. Thirty dialysis patients were divided into group I (stable blood pressure during dialysis), group II (Intradialytic hypotension) and group III (Intradialytic hypertension) according to the change of blood pressure (BP) during hemodialysis, with 10 cases in each group. BP of MHD patients were measured Pre-dialysis (Pre-D), at 1 h of dialysis (1h-D), at 2 h of dialysis (Mid-D, 2h-D), at 3 h of dialysis (3h-D), and at the end of dialysis (Post-D); and blood samples were taken from the arterial end at Pre-D, Mid-D, and Post-D to measure NO and ET-1 levels. The results of the analysis showed that as dialysis proceeded and ended, the NO levels in the three groups gradually decreased, with significant differences compared with those before dialysis (p < 0.05); the ET-1 levels in group III gradually increased, with significant differences compared with those before dialysis (p < 0.05), while the increasing trend of ET-1 levels in group I and group II was not significant. The increasing trend of MAP in group I was not significant (p > 0.05); MAP in group II showed a gradual decrease and MAP in group III showed an increasing trend, and the difference between MAP after dialysis and before dialysis was significant (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between ET-1 levels and MAP in Group III at Mid-D (r = 0.847, p = 0.002). This shows that serum ET-1 and NO levels are significantly higher than normal in MHD patients after arteriovenous endovascular fistula surgery, and both ET-1 and NO levels are changing during dialysis, and there may be a link between their changes and blood pressure changes. It is suggested that the blood pressure fluctuations that occur during dialysis in MHD patients may be related to endothelial cell dysfunction.

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“…Since the 1970s, a considerable effort has been dedicated both to the development of novel photoactivatable chemical probes and their applications in various experimental studies. Regarding the scope of PPG applications, the caged substrate could be as Encyclopedia 2022, 2 1227 simple as a proton or an inorganic species or ion (e.g., Ca 2+ [15], Zn 2+ [16], CO [17], NO [18], H 2 S [19]), it could be a small molecule (e.g., second messenger (such as inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP 3 ) [20]), neurotransmitter (notably GABA and glutamate [21,22]), nucleotide [23], peptide [24], drug molecule [25] (such as antibiotics [26], analgesics [27] or anticancer agents [28]) or a more complex biomolecule (e.g., enzymes [29], RNA [30] or DNA [31]) (Figure 3).…”

Section: The Substrate Scope Of Ppgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1970s, a considerable effort has been dedicated both to the development of novel photoactivatable chemical probes and their applications in various experimental studies. Regarding the scope of PPG applications, the caged substrate could be as simple as a proton or an inorganic species or ion (e.g., Ca 2+ [15], Zn 2+ [16], CO [17], NO [18], H2S [19]), it could be a small molecule (e.g., second messenger (such as inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) [20]), neurotransmitter (notably GABA and glutamate [21,22]), nucleotide [23], peptide [24], drug molecule [25] (such as antibiotics [26], analgesics [27] or anticancer agents [28]) or a more complex biomolecule (e.g., enzymes [29], RNA [30] or DNA [31]) (Figure 3). Examples of PPG applications for small molecules/inorganic species: (A) calcium caging with photoactivatable EGTA [32], (B) neurotransmitter glutamate caging with MNI [21], (C) caging the anticancer agent vemurafenib with a nitrobenzyl PPG [33], (D) a coumarin PPG-caged antibiotic agent [34], (E) a coumarin PPG-caged analgesic [27].…”

Section: The Substrate Scope Of Ppgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoremovable Protecting Groups

Dunkel

2022

Encyclopedia

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Photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) (also often called photocages in the literature) are used for temporary inactivation of biologically active substrates. By photoirradiation the PPG could be cleaved off and the biological activity could be restored on-demand, with a high spatiotemporal precision. The on-site liberation of the biologically active substrate could be exploited for studying dynamic biological processes or for designing targeted pharmacological interventions in vitro or in vivo. Several chemical scaffolds have been described and tested as PPGs, operating at different wavelengths. The scope of potential substrates is very broad, spanning from small molecules to proteins. In a wider context, PPGs could be used for the design of various light-responsive materials as well, for diverse applications.

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Nitric Oxide Photoreleasers with Fluorescent Reporting

Abstract: Scheme 1. Some of the beneficial and detrimental effects of NO depending on its concentration.

Cited by 23 publications

References 79 publications

Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Sorafenib through Its Combination with a Nitric Oxide Photodelivering β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Sorafenib through Its Combination with a Nitric Oxide Photodelivering β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

Correlation of NO and ET-1 Levels with Blood Pressure Changes in Hemodialysis Patients after Arteriovenous Fistula Surgery

Photoremovable Protecting Groups

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