Nitric oxide metabolites status in calves with acute and chronic diarrhea

Kojouri, Gholam Ali; Hassanpour, Hossein; Taghavi, Noushin; Taghadosi, Camellia

doi:10.1007/s00580-011-1275-7

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported a range of 190 ± 70‐1970 ± 221 μmol/L plasma CIT levels and 60 ± 20‐5140 ± 3140 μmol/L plasma ARG levels in healthy calves, which differ from our findings of healthy calves (Table ). Median (range) plasma NO concentrations measured in healthy control calves (Table ) were higher than 2.50 ± 0.30 μmol/L but lower than the nitrate + nitrite concentrations reflecting NO production of 22.20 ± 4.90 μmol/L reported previously by other studies . The reason(s) for these differences are not evident.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In this study, 50 of 60 diarrheic calves were evaluated as infectious. Similar to previous studies in humans and calves with acute diarrhea, higher plasma NO concentration in diarrheic calves (Table ) can be related with an increased local NO production in the intestine or by enteropathogens such as rotavirus, Cryptosporidium and Giardia . Additionally, because diarrheic calves had decreased renal perfusion related to hypovolemia as estimated by serum creatinine, decreased urinary excretion of nitrate might have contributed to increased plasma NO concentration of the diarrheic calves in the present study (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea

Gültekin

Voyvoda

Ural

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Plasma citrulline (CIT) concentration is considered to be a reliable marker of functional enterocyte mass, primarily in humans. However, information about CIT levels along with related metabolites, arginine (ARG), nitric oxide (NO), and ammonia in neonatal calves are lacking. Objectives To compare plasma CIT, ARG, NO, and whole blood ammonia concentrations in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea with those in healthy calves and to assess their possible relationships with diarrhea‐related criteria. Animals Seventy neonatal calves (60 with acute diarrhea and 10 healthy). Methods Observational case‐control study. Diarrheic calves were classified into subgroups on the basis of etiology, severity of diarrhea, degree of dehydration, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) status. Plasma CIT and ARG concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Results Plasma CIT (median [range]: 67.5 [61.9‐75.4] vs 30.1 [15.0‐56.1] μmol/L) and ARG (170.7 [148.5‐219.5] vs 106.1 [54.4‐190.7] μmol/L) were lower and plasma NO (4.42 [3.29‐5.58] vs 6.78 [5.29‐8.92] μM) and blood ammonia concentrations (28.7 [26.1‐36.9] vs 59.8 [34.6‐99.5] μmol/L) were higher in the neonatal calves with diarrhea (P < .001). Plasma CIT (β = −0.29, P = .02), ARG (β = −0.33, P = .01), NO (β = 0.55, P < .001), and blood ammonia (β = 0.63, P <.001) were affected by SIRS status. Except for ammonia (0.52), the effects sizes for severity of diarrhea and degree of dehydration were small (ηp2 ≤ 0.45) for CIT, ARG, and NO. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The changes in these variables might have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value in diarrheic neonatal calves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea

Gültekin

Voyvoda

Ural

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In the present study, there is a significant increase in NO in febrile diarrheic groups (G4 and G5) in comparison with both control and non-febrile diarrheic groups. It was recorded that NO concentration was significantly higher in calves with acute diarrhea (Kojouri et al, 2012;Gultekin et al, 2019). It was suggested that acute infectious gastroenteritis characterizes by inflamed mucosa with an increasing number of activated macrophages that responsible for the release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation Of Immunological Status Of Calves Suffered From Diarrhea Under Field Condition

El-sissi

Hafez

El-Gedawy

2020

Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences

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The objective of the present work was to evaluate some innate immune responses associated with neonatal calves' diarrhoea before and after treatment either with antibiotics or antibiotics plus fluid therapy. The experiment carried out on sixty diarrheic and 15 non-diarrheic healthy calves (from15 up to 45 days of age). According to fever, the diarrheic calves divided into two main groups, febrile and non-febrile diarrheic calves. Then according to the type of receiving therapy, each main group is subdivided into two subgroups, receiving antibiotic or antibiotic plus Digeston © for five days. The most common pathogens isolated from both groups of febrile diarrheic calves were E. coli (93.3%) and Campylobacter spp.(26.7%). The results showed that febrile diarrheic calves had a significant increase (p<0.05) in phagocytic activity; lysozyme; nitric oxide (NO); haptoglobin (HP); total protein (TP) and albumin as well as a significant decrease in immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to control group. While in non-febrile diarrheic calves, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in HP; TP and albumin. By treatment, both therapies modulate the innate immune response to approach control value. It was clear that the antibiotic plus digeston © have much better results. It can be concluded that the lysozyme assay serves as a confirmatory test to differentiate between infectious and non-infectious diarrhoea of neonatal calves. Using IgG assay as a screening test may be essential to ensure that calves receive adequate colostrum early in life. .

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“…The complex pathogen and urgent course of calf diarrhea constitutes a huge challenge for pathogen identification and studies on pathogenic mechanism in calves with diarrhea. Metabolomics can quickly, sensitively, and comprehensively detect changes in the metabolites of the organism under physiological or pathological conditions, which contributes to the identification of diagnostic markers and investigation of the pathogenic mechanism in calves with diarrhea [25,26]. In the present study, in order to avoid the effects of parity, age, gender, and other factors on the metabolites of the organism, 18 calves were enrolled in the project, according to the strict enrollment criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Metabolomics Revealed the Differential Metabolic Pathway in Calves with Severe Clinical Diarrhea Symptoms

Huang

Cui

et al. 2020

Animals

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The complex etiology, higher morbidity and mortality, poor prognosis, and expensive cost of calf diarrhea have made it a catastrophic disease in the dairy industry. This study aims to assess the biomarkers in calves with diarrhea and to predict the biomarkers related to the pathway. As subjects, nine calves with diarrhea and nine healthy calves were enrolled, according to strict enrollment criteria. The serum metabolites were detected by a liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and then analyzed by online multivariate statistical analysis software to further screen the biomarkers. In addition, the biomarkers involved in the metabolic pathways of calves with diarrhea and healthy calves were analyzed. In the serum of calves with diarrhea, nine biomarkers were found to which several biomarkers exhibited a certain relation. Moreover, these biomarkers were involved in important metabolic pathways, including protein digestion and absorption, ABC transporters, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, mineral absorption, and fatty acid biosynthesis. All these findings suggested that the imbalance of these markers was closely related to the occurrence and development of calf diarrhea. The targeted regulation of metabolic pathways involved in these biomarkers may facilitate the diagnosis, treatment, and discussion of the mechanism of calf diarrhea.

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Nitric oxide metabolites status in calves with acute and chronic diarrhea

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea

Plasma citrulline, arginine, nitric oxide, and blood ammonia levels in neonatal calves with acute diarrhea

Evaluation Of Immunological Status Of Calves Suffered From Diarrhea Under Field Condition

Serum Metabolomics Revealed the Differential Metabolic Pathway in Calves with Severe Clinical Diarrhea Symptoms

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