Nitric oxide is involved in hydrogen gas-induced cell cycle activation during adventitious root formation in cucumber

Abstract

BackgroundAdventitious root development is a complex process regulated through a variety of signaling molecules. Hydrogen gas (H2) and nitric oxide (NO), two new signaling molecules are both involved in plant development and stress tolerance.ResultsTo investigate the mechanism of adventitious root development induced by hydrogen-rich water (HRW), a combination of fluorescence microscopy and molecular approaches was used to study cell cycle activation and cell cycle-related gene expression in cucumber (Cucumis sativus ‘Xinchun 4’) explants. The results revealed that the effect of HRW on adventitious root development was dose-dependent, with maximal biological responses at 50 % HRW. HRW treatment increased NO content in a time-dependent fashion. The results also indicated that HRW and NO promoted the G1-to-S transition and up-regulated cell cycle-related genes: CycA (A-type cyclin), CycB (B-type cyclin), CDKA (cyclin-dependent kinase A) and CDKB (cyclin-dependent kinase B) expression. Additionally, target genes related to adventitious rooting were up-regulated by HRW and NO in cucumber explants. While, the responses of HRW-induced adventitious root development and increase of NO content were partially blocked by a specific NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt, NO synthase (NOS)-like enzyme inhibitor NG –nitro-L-arginine methylester hydrochloride, or nitrate reductase inhibitors tungstate and NaN3. These chemicals also partially reversed the effect of HRW on cell cycle activation and the transcripts of cell cycle regulatory genes and target genes related adventitious root formation.ConclusionsTogether, NO may emerge as a downstream signaling molecule in H2-induced adventitious root organogenesis. Additionally, H2 mediated cell cycle activation via NO pathway during adventitious root formation.

Nitric oxide is involved in methane‐induced adventitious root formation in cucumber

“…Previous results confirmed that one DnaJ‐like gene ( CsDNAJ‐1 ), two CDPK genes ( CsCDPK1 and CsCDPK5 ), cell division‐related gene ( CsCDC6 ) and two auxin signalling genes ( CsAux22D‐like and CsAux22B‐like ), are the early target genes responsible for cucumber adventitious rooting triggered by auxin, carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, and some effects were mediated by NO signalling (Lanteri et al , Xuan et al , Bai et al , Cui et al , Zhu et al ). Further molecular evidence revealed that similar to NONOate, CH 4 ‐triggered higher expression of above mentioned target genes was impaired by cPTIO (12 h; Fig.…”

Calcium and Calmodulin Are Involved in Nitric Oxide-Induced Adventitious Rooting of Cucumber under Simulated Osmotic Stress

“…Therefore, Ca 2+ might be as downstream of NO in the development of adventitious root under osmotic stress. In previous studies, hydrogen gas (H 2 ) ( Zhu et al, 2016 ), carbon monoxide (CO) ( Chen et al, 2017 ) and H 2 O 2 ( Xuan et al, 2008 ; Yang et al, 2013 ) were also suggested to be involved in plants adventitious rooting. These signaling molecules may mediate each other through activation of receptors or targeted protein to affect the process of adventitious rooting in plants.…”

Transcriptome analysis reveals insight into molecular hydrogen-induced cadmium tolerance in alfalfa: the prominent role of sulfur and (homo)glutathione metabolism

“…Abbreviations: APS, adenosine-phosphosulfate; γ-EC, γ-glutamylcysteine; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; PCs, phytochelatins; hGSH, reduced homoglutathione; hGSSGh, oxidized homoglutathione; hPCs, homophytochelatins; OAS, O-acetyl serine; SAM, S-adenosyl-methionine. [1], high affinity sulfate transporter type 1 (Mtr_3g073780 homologue); [2], ATP sulfurylase (Mtr_1g102550 homologue); [3], 5′-adenylylsulfate reductase (Mtr_2g023540 homologue); [4], sulfite reductase [ferredoxin] protein (Mtr_4g077190 homologue); [5], O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase (Mtr_5g006340 homologue); [6], glutamate-cysteine ligase B (Mtr_8g098350 homologue); [7], glutathione synthetase (Mtr_7g113890 homologue); [8], phytochelatin synthase (Mtr_7g097190 homologue); [9], homoglutathione synthetase (Mtr_7g113880 homologue); [10], glutathione S-transferase (Mtr_2g070070 homologue); [11], glutathione reductase (Mtr_6g033515 homologue); [12], NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (Mtr_2g062840 homologue); [13], decarboxylating-like 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Mtr_7g017900 homologue); [14], glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (Mtr_7g111760 homologue); [15],serine acetyltransferase (Mtr_3g058410 homologue); [16], cystathionine γ-synthase (Mtr_7g011230 homologue); [17], cystathionine beta-lyase (Mtr_1g064320 homologue); [18], homocysteine S-methyltransferase (Mtr_1g103290 homologue); [19], S-adenosylmethionine synthase (Mtr_2g046710 homologue); [20], nicotianamine synthase (Mtr_1g084050 homologue) were decreased by Cd, but this reduction was determined to alleviated both in RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR data in Cd plus HRW treatment (by 8.3 and 42.5% compared to Cd alone treatment, respectively). The transcripts of glutathione S-transferase (GST) were increased by HRW pretreatment under Cd stress.…”

“…Similar to known gasotransmitters, the endogenous functions of H 2 can be mimicked by the exogenous application of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) (also in animals by hydrogen-rich saline; [3][4][5][6][7]). In plants, H 2 was found to play roles in root formation by interacting with the nitric oxide and haem oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide pathways [8,9]. Interestingly, accumulating reports have shown that H 2 production is elevated in many plant species under abiotic stresses, such as paraquat, NaCl, high light, UV-A, UV-B, and heavy metal stresses, and H 2 can further act as a regulator in plants coping with abiotic stresses [5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”