Nitric oxide increases tolerance responses to moderate water deficit in leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna unguiculata bean species

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the most intensively studied and widespread constraints, and nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule involved in the mediation of abiotic stresses in plants. We demonstrated that a sprayed solution of NO from donor sodium nitroprusside increased drought stress tolerance responses in both sensitive (Phaseolus vulgaris) and tolerant (Vigna unguiculata) beans. In intact plants subjected to halting irrigation, NO increased the leaf relative water content and stomatal conductance in both species. After cutting leaf discs and washing them, NO induced increased electrolyte leakage, which was more evident in the tolerant species. These leaf discs were then subjected to different water deficits, simulating moderate and severe drought stress conditions through polyethylene glycol solutions. NO supplied at moderate drought stress revealed a reduced membrane injury index in sensitive species. In hydrated discs and at this level of water deficit, NO increased the electron transport rate in both species, and a reduction of these rates was observed at severe stress levels. Taken together, it can be shown that NO has an effective role in ameliorating drought stress effects, activating tolerance responses at moderate water deficit levels and in both bean species which present differential drought tolerance.

NO to drought-multifunctional role of nitric oxide in plant drought: Do we have all the answers?

“…Subsequently, several studies suggested the generation of NO in guard cells in response to drought and ABA [30,34,54]. The accumulation of NO has often been visualized in guard cells in response to water deficit by using a NO-sensitive fluorescent dye DAF-2DA [10,15,16,23,40].…”

“…[18,25,35]. An antioxidant function was often attributed to NO due to its ability to protect plants from stress-induced oxidative damage [2,14,34]. NO alleviated the ROS-mediated cytotoxic processes in Solanum tuberosum leaves and inhibited cell death, ion leakage, and DNA fragmentation [35].…”

Seed priming with sodium nitroprusside attenuates the effects of water deficit on soybean seedlings

“…It is possible that the attenuation of the harmful effects of water deficit on the growth of seedlings from seeds pretreated with SNP could occur due to changes in gas exchange since numerous studies have shown that NO plays an important role in the regulation of stomatal movement under stress conditions (Zimmer-Prados et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015). μmol.L -1 SNP increased the carotenoid content in the leaves in both conditions compared to that in NT ( Figure 2B).…”

Insights Into the Nitric Oxide Mediated Stress Tolerance in Plants

“…Although initial discoveries in plants recognized NO as an atmospheric toxic pollutant for plant foliage, it was eventually considered as a modulator of plant defense during pathogen attacks. The increasing number of reports demonstrated the role of NO in a plethora of plant development processes including seed germination (Arc et al, 2013), root formation, different stages of the seed development, gravitropism, stomatal movements, photosynthesis, mitochondrial functionality, senescence, plant maturation (Sun et al, 2017;Patel et al, 2017;Hasanuzzaman et al, 2018;Locato et al, 2016;Mostofa et al, 2015;Asgher et al, 2017), multiple abiotic (Fancy et al, 2017;Santisree et al, 2015;Parankusam et al, 2017;Adimulam et al, 2017;Tossi et al, 2012;Sehrawat et al, 2013;Ziogas et al, 2013) and biotic stress responses in plants (Vaishnav et al, 2018). In addition, a number of studies focused on describing the crucial role of NO in moderating various plant hormone-mediated development and stress responses (Asgher et al, 2017).…”

“…The application of Diethylenetriamine-NONOate (DETA/NO) ameliorated long term salinity effects in Glycene max via the induction of antioxidant enzymes (Egbichi et al, 2014). Studies have provided evidence that NO mediated detoxification is partly by its ability to regulate ascorbateÀglutathione cycle through S-nitrosylation (Camejo et al, 2013;Ziogas et al, 2013). It is evident from the studies that salt stress induces an increase in total S-nitrosylation especially S-nitrosylation of the glycine dehydrogenase P subunit, F1 ATPase β subunit, and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) implying the role of NO-mediated posttranslational modifications in controlling respiratory/ photorespiratory pathways (Fares et al, 2011;Camejo et al, 2013;Abat and Deswal, 2009;Begara-Morales et al, 2015).…”