Nitric Oxide Crosstalk With Phytohormone Is Involved in Enhancing Photosynthesis of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum for Photovoltaic Adaptation

Abstract

Photovoltaic agriculture is a newly emerging ecological planting pattern. In view of the adverse effect on production, a better understanding of photovoltaic adaptation responses is essential for the development of the innovative agriculture mode in sustainable crop production. Here, we investigated the impact of photovoltaic condition on endogenous hormone composition and transcriptome profile of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. A total of 16 differentially accumulated phytohormones and 12,615 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Photovoltaic adaptation significantly decreased the contents of phytohormones especially salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). DEGs were the most relevant to photosynthesis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway especially the key genes encoding proteins involved in photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) reaction center. Nitric oxide (NO), JA, and SA treatment alone significantly enhanced the photosynthetic efficiency which was decreased by exposure to photovoltaic condition, but the combined treatment of “NO + SA” could weaken the enhancement effect by regulating the expression level of psaL, CHIL, petF1, psbQ, and psaE genes. Exogenous phytohormones and NO treatment mitigated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and potentiated antioxidant capacity, which would be weakened by the combined treatment of “NO + SA.” SA and JA significantly decreased endogenous NO burst triggered by photovoltaic adaptation. SA might be a potent scavenger of NO and counter the restoration effect of NO on growth and photosynthetic potential in T. hemsleyanum. The results could provide reference for the application of phytohormones/other signaling molecules in photovoltaic agriculture.

Transcriptome and Metabonomics Combined Analysis Revealed the Defense Mechanism Involved in Hydrogen-Rich Water-Regulated Cold Stress Response of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

“…The levels of all the photosynthetic parameters, including Pn, Cond, and Tr, of Oryza sativa seedlings were decreased by salinity stress when compared to those observed under normal growth conditions (Sheteiwy et al, 2019). Xie et al (2022) also reported a significant reduction in Pn, Cond, and Tr values, and a significant increase in Ci level in T. hemsleyanum under photovoltaic adaptation. The findings of our study were similar to those reported by these previous studies, that is, Pn, Cond, and Tr were reduced, Ci was provoked, and the photosynthetic sustainability of T. hemsleyanum was disrupted when exposed to cold stress conditions.…”

Identification of AP2/ERF transcription factors in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum revealed the specific roles of ERF46 under cold stress

“…Transcriptome data were obtained in our previous study (accession number: PRJNA797653 ) ( Xie et al, 2022 ). AP2/ERF TF family proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana were compared with the T. hemsleyanum transcriptome data, and the T. hemsleyanum transcriptome was searched using the HMMER software domain.…”

“…These samples were autoclaved at 120°C for 20 min and cooled down to room temperature to detect the C−max using a conductivity meter (YSI Model 32, Yellow Spring, OH, United States) ( Blum and Ebercon, 1981 ). Evans blue was used to detect the activity of leaf cells in different treatments according to our previous study ( Xie et al, 2022 ). In brief, the leaves were immersed in an aqueous solution of 1 mg⋅ml –1 Evans blue and incubated for 12 h in the dark.…”