Nitric Oxide Balance in Health and Diseases: Implications for New Treatment Strategies

Akanji, Musbau Adewumi; Adeyanju, Anne A.; Rotimi, Damilare; Adeyemi, Oluyomi Stephen

doi:10.2174/1874091x02014010025

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…S-nitrosylation, as well as S-glutathionylation, serves as a reversible post-translational modification of thiol groups of proteins [ 15 , 66 , 67 ]. In mammals, nitric oxide (NO) is mainly synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), for which three isoforms are known: Two constitutive—NOS1 (neuronal, nNOS) and NOS3 (endothelial eNOS)—as well as inducible NOS2 (iNOS), which have approximately 50% homology [ 68 , 69 , 70 ]. The activities of constitutive NOS1 and NOS3 are mainly regulated by phosphorylation, S-nitrosylation, protein–protein interactions, and changes in calcium levels, due to which steady-state NO concentrations are largely maintained [ 71 ].…”

Section: Protein S-nitrosylation and Denitrosylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione in Protein Redox Modulation through S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation

Калинина

Novichkova

2021

Molecules

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S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are reversible post-translational modifications on the cysteine thiol groups of proteins, which occur in cells under physiological conditions and oxidative/nitrosative stress both spontaneously and enzymatically. They are important for the regulation of the functional activity of proteins and intracellular processes. Connecting link and “switch” functions between S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation may be performed by GSNO, the generation of which depends on the GSH content, the GSH/GSSG ratio, and the cellular redox state. An important role in the regulation of these processes is played by Trx family enzymes (Trx, Grx, PDI), the activity of which is determined by the cellular redox status and depends on the GSH/GSSG ratio. In this review, we analyze data concerning the role of GSH/GSSG in the modulation of S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation and their relationship for the maintenance of cell viability.

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Section: Protein S-nitrosylation and Denitrosylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione in Protein Redox Modulation through S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation

Калинина

Novichkova

2021

Molecules

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“…In normal conditions, it gives an anti-inflammatory effect, but the overproduction of NO is considered as a pro-inflammatory mediator of inflammation ( Bian and Murad, 2003 ). The overproduction of nitric oxide happens in abnormal situations such as inflammatory bowel diseases, arthritis, osteoporosis, and other inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system ( Akanji et al, 2020 ). Consequently, subjugating NO overproduction has become an influential target in treating inflammatory disorders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate juice fermented by tannin acyl hydrolase and Lactobacillus vespulae DCY75 enhance estrogen receptor expression and anti-inflammatory effect

et al. 2022

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Phenolics are phytochemicals in plants, fruits, and vegetables have potential health-promoting efficacies. However, mostly available as a complex form. So, to increase the contents and nutritional value of the phenolic compounds, fermentation is most readily used in the food industry. Especially, the hydrolyzable tannins present in the pomegranate that can be liberated into monomolecular substances, which enhances biological activity. Thus, this study aims to convert hydrolyzable tannins to ellagic acid by fermentation using Tannin acyl hydrolase (TAH) and a novel bacteria strain Lactobacillus vespulae DCY75, respectively to investigate its effect on Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) mRNA expression along with inflammation inhibition. As a result, the fermentation enhanced the ellagic acid content up to 70% by the synergetic effect of TAH and DCY75. Furthermore, fermented pomegranate (PG-F) increased cellular proliferation as well as upregulated the gene expression of estrogen regulators such as ERα, ERβ, and pS2 in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), which commonly used to evaluate estrogenic activity. Moreover, to study the inflammation associated with low estrogen in menopause, we have analyzed the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW 264.7 cells. The PG-F juice did not exert any cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells and inhibited NO production along with the downregulation of a major pro-inflammatory cytokine iNOS which indicates the anti-inflammatory potential of it. To sum it up, the fermented commercial pomegranate juice using a novel bacteria strain increased the amount of ellagic acid that the value added bioactive of pomegranate and it has significantly increased the estrogenic activity via upregulating estrogen related biomarkers expression and reduced the risk of related inflammation via NO/iNOS inhibition. This study could be a preliminary study to use fermented pomegranate as a potential health functional food after further evaluation.

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“…[ 53 ] Increased levels of TNF‐α could stimulate NO production by upregulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). [ 54 ] Nitric oxide (NO) functions at low intracellular concentrations as a signaling molecule in the endocrine system and pituitary secretion. However, an increased level of NO could lead to nitrosative stress, causing damage to cellular biomolecules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an increased level of NO could lead to nitrosative stress, causing damage to cellular biomolecules. [ 54 ] Therefore, it is plausible that atrazine might have caused nitrosative stress and inflammation in the rat brain, testis, and epididymis. More so, atrazine elevated the levels of MPO, NO, and TNF‐α.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine exposure caused oxidative stress in male rats and inhibited brain‐pituitary‐testicular functions

Rotimi,

Ojo,

Adeyemi

2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Exposure to the herbicide atrazine has been shown to have deleterious effects on human and animal reproduction. To determine whether atrazine influences the brain‐pituitary‐testicular axis directly or indirectly, the present study examined the toxic effects of atrazine on fertility potential by assessing gonadal hormones, testicular function indices, sperm quality, and oxido‐inflammatory markers in rats. Twelve animals were grouped into two groups; control and atrazine. The control group received oral administration of olive oil (2 mL/kg), while the atrazine group received 120 mg/kg of atrazine. Treatments were daily and lasted for 7 days. Upon treatment cessation, rats were necropsied for biochemical and histopathological analyses. The biochemical function indices in the rat brain, testis, and epididymis decreased significantly in the atrazine group. Atrazine exposure led to decreases in gonadal hormonal concentrations, semen quality parameters, and testicular function indices compared with the control. Furthermore, there was a marked increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers as well as degeneration of the histo‐architecture in atrazine‐treated rats. Overall, atrazine exposure impaired sperm quality, led to increased inflammation and oxidative stress, and decreased the activity of the brain‐pituitary‐testicular axis via endocrine disruption.

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Nitric Oxide Balance in Health and Diseases: Implications for New Treatment Strategies

Cited by 9 publications

References 73 publications

Glutathione in Protein Redox Modulation through S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation

Glutathione in Protein Redox Modulation through S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation

Pomegranate juice fermented by tannin acyl hydrolase and Lactobacillus vespulae DCY75 enhance estrogen receptor expression and anti-inflammatory effect

Atrazine exposure caused oxidative stress in male rats and inhibited brain‐pituitary‐testicular functions

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