Nitric oxide as a secondary messenger during stomatal closure as a part of plant immunity response against pathogens

Agurla, Srinivas; Gayatri, G.; Raghavendra, Agepati S.

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2014.07.004

Cited by 47 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Biotic and abiotic stressors, such as pathogen attack, high CO concentrations, drought, and ABA-associated stomata closure, induce NO synthesis (Durner et al, 1998;Bright et al, 2006;Guo et al, 2008;Agurla et al, 2014). Ca 2+ has a pivotal role in NO-promoted stomatal closure.…”

Section: No and Ion-channel Crosstalk: From Localization To Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide: A Multitasked Signaling Gas in Plants

et al. 2015

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous reactive oxygen species (ROS) that has evolved as a signaling hormone in many physiological processes in animals. In plants it has been demonstrated to be a crucial regulator of development, acting as a signaling molecule present at each step of the plant life cycle. NO has also been implicated as a signal in biotic and abiotic responses of plants to the environment. Remarkably, despite this plethora of effects and functional relationships, the fundamental knowledge of NO production, sensing, and transduction in plants remains largely unknown or inadequately characterized. In this review we cover the current understanding of NO production, perception, and action in different physiological scenarios. We especially address the issues of enzymatic and chemical generation of NO in plants, NO sensing and downstream signaling, namely the putative cGMP and Ca(2+) pathways, ion-channel activity modulation, gene expression regulation, and the interface with other ROS, which can have a profound effect on both NO accumulation and function. We also focus on the importance of NO in cell-cell communication during developmental processes and sexual reproduction, namely in pollen tube guidance and embryo sac fertilization, pathogen defense, and responses to abiotic stress.

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Section: No and Ion-channel Crosstalk: From Localization To Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide: A Multitasked Signaling Gas in Plants

et al. 2015

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“…Regulation of this stomatal movement is complex, involving hormones (ABA and salicylic acid) and signaling molecules such as H 2 O 2 and NO Li et al 2009;Zhang et al 2009;Hao et al 2010;Song et al 2011;Wang et al 2014) and, more recently, phospholipase D (Uraji et al 2012). For example, NO induces stomatal closure as part of a mechanism of response to water deficit Lamattina 2001, 2002;Neill et al 2002) and also to restrict the entry of pathogenic microorganisms and helps in plant innate immunity (Agurla et al 2014). Similarly, H 2 O 2 is also involved in elicitor-, dark-, ABA-, and salicylic acid-induced stomatal closure (Lee et al 1999;Allen et al 2000;Pei et al 2000;Zhang et al 2001;Desikan et al 2004;Bright et al 2006).…”

Section: Peroxisomal Nadp-icdh Is Necessary For Stomatal Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxisomal NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase is required for Arabidopsis stomatal movement

et al. 2015

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Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles characterized by a simple morphological structure but have a complex biochemical machinery involved in signaling processes through molecules such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is an essential component in cell redox homeostasis, and its regeneration is critical for reductive biosynthesis and detoxification pathways. Plants have several NADPH-generating dehydrogenases, with NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) being one of these enzymes. Arabidopsis contains three genes that encode for cytosolic, mitochondrial/chloroplastic, and peroxisomal NADP-ICDH isozymes although the specific function of each of these remains largely unknown. Using two T-DNA insertion lines of the peroxisomal NADP-ICDH designated as picdh-1 and picdh-2, the data show that the peroxisomal NADP-ICDH is involved in stomatal movements, suggesting that peroxisomes are a new element in the signaling network of guard cells.

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“…Plant hormones (such as abscisic acid, ABA, methyl jasmonate, MJ) and polyamines (PAs) induce stomatal closure. Elicitors such as salicylic acid (SA), chitosan, and Flg22 also cause stomatal closure (Alcázar et al, 2010; Jing et al, 2012; Gayatri et al, 2013; Ye et al, 2013; Agurla et al, 2014). Stomata open when guard cells are turgid and close when the guard cells are flaccid (Blatt, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ABA induced stomatal closure is mediated by many signaling components like cytoplasmic pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (nitric oxide, NO), cytosolic free Ca 2+ , G-proteins, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, phospholipids, phospholipases, and sphingolipids (Wang and Song, 2008; Raghavendra et al, 2010; Umezawa et al, 2010; García-Mata and Lamattina, 2013; Song et al, 2014). The diverse spectrum of signaling components during stomatal closure have been reviewed frequently (Kim et al, 2010; Joshi-Saha et al, 2011; Gayatri et al, 2013; Agurla et al, 2014; Kollist et al, 2014; Song et al, 2014; Murata et al, 2015; Lee et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For e.g., plant hormones (such as ABA or MJ) and microbial elicitors invariably cause an increase in the levels of ROS or NO in guard cells, leading to rise in free Ca 2+ within the guard cells (Table 1). There are excellent reviews, emphasizing the role of ROS (Kollist et al, 2014; Song et al, 2014; Murata et al, 2015), NO (Hancock et al, 2011; García-Mata and Lamattina, 2013; Gayatri et al, 2013; Agurla et al, 2014), and cytosolic free Ca 2+ in guard cells (Kim et al, 2010; Roelfsema and Hedrich, 2010). Hormones and elicitors interact with different receptor entities, but the subsequent steps converge to activate NADPH oxidase, increase ROS, NO, and Ca 2+ in guard cells (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convergence and Divergence of Signaling Events in Guard Cells during Stomatal Closure by Plant Hormones or Microbial Elicitors

Raghavendra

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Dynamic regulation of stomatal aperture is essential for plants to optimize water use and CO2 uptake. Stomatal opening or closure is accompanied by the modulation of guard cell turgor. Among the events leading to stomatal closure by plant hormones or microbial elicitors, three signaling components stand out as the major converging points. These are reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytosolic free Ca2+, and ion channels. Once formed, the ROS and free Ca2+ of guard cells regulate both downstream and upstream events. A major influence of ROS is to increase the levels of NO and cytosolic free Ca2+ in guard cells. Although the rise in NO is an important event during stomatal closure, the available evidences do not support the description of NO as the point of convergence. The rise in ROS and NO would cause an increase of free Ca2+ and modulate ion channels, through a network of events, in such a way that the guard cells lose K+/Cl−/anions. The efflux of these ions decreases the turgor of guard cells and leads to stomatal closure. Thus, ROS, NO, and cytosolic free Ca2+ act as points of divergence. The other guard cell components, which are modulated during stomatal closure are G-proteins, cytosolic pH, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. However, the current information on the role of these components is not convincing so as to assign them as the points of convergence or divergence. The interrelationships and interactions of ROS, NO, cytosolic pH, and free Ca2+ are quite complex and need further detailed examination. Our review is an attempt to critically assess the current status of information on guard cells, while emphasizing the convergence and divergence of signaling components during stomatal closure. The existing gaps in our knowledge are identified to stimulate further research.

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Nitric oxide as a secondary messenger during stomatal closure as a part of plant immunity response against pathogens

Cited by 47 publications

References 115 publications

Nitric Oxide: A Multitasked Signaling Gas in Plants

Nitric Oxide: A Multitasked Signaling Gas in Plants

Peroxisomal NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase is required for Arabidopsis stomatal movement

Convergence and Divergence of Signaling Events in Guard Cells during Stomatal Closure by Plant Hormones or Microbial Elicitors

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