Nitric Oxide as a Neurotransmitter in Peripheral Nerves: Nature of Transmitter and Mechanism of Transmission

Rand, M. J.; Li, Chun Guang

doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.003303

Cited by 293 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…Drugs: Apamin, VIP fragment VIP [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and N G -nitro-Larginine (N 5 -nitro-amidino-L-2,5-diamino-pentanoic acid: L-NOARG) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., ST. Louis, U.S.A. VIP, charybdotoxin, PACAP and its fragment PACAP were purchased from The Peptide Institute, Osaka, Japan. Gaseous nitric oxide was dissolved in Tyrode solution just before experiments, as described by Gillespie and Sheng [4], and added to the organ bath in volumes of 0.3-300 µl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Okishio¹,

Niioka²,

Yamaji³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Participation of nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation of longitudinal muscle of various intestinal regions in Sprague Dawley rats (8-weekold) was studied in vitro. Nitric oxide was suggested to participate in NANC relaxation of every intestinal region studied. But the participation was partial and its extent varied among the regions: significant in the proximal colon and rectum, and moderate in the jejunum, ileum and distal colon. Participation of PACAP in NANC relaxation was suggested only in the distal colon, while that of VIP was not detected in any of regions. Results obtained in the present study indicate that extent of participation of nitric oxide in NANC relaxation in Sprague Dawley rat intestine is more significant than those of other strains, Wistar and Wistar-ST.KEY WORDS: NANC (nonadrenergic noncholinergic) relaxation, nitric oxide, PACAP, rat intestine, VIP.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62(8): 821-828, 2000 Nitric oxide has been suggested to mediate nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation in many regions of the gastrointestinal tract [22,23]. However, accumulated evidence suggests that the role of nitric oxide in NANC relaxation is not uniform throughout the gastrointestine, but quite variable in region to region. Wistar-ST rat intestine is a case in point. That is, an essential role of nitric oxide in the relaxation was suggested in circular [11] and longitudinal [24,26] muscles of the proximal colon, and in circular muscle of the rectum [27], while only minor or no role was suggested in longitudinal muscle of the jejunum [19] or the distal colon [16,24], respectively. In addition to regional difference, we recently found a strain difference in the mediator of NANC relaxation of the distal colon of rats between the Sprague Dawley and Wistar-ST strains: nitric oxide was suggested to partially mediate NANC relaxation of the Sprague Dawley but not Wistar-ST strain [21].In addition to nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is another candidate for the mediator of NANC relaxation in several gastrointestinal regions: lower oesophageal sphincter of opossums [5] and rabbits [2], stomach of dogs [1], guinea pigs [6, 10] and rats [13], taenia coli of guinea pigs [7,10], and colon of rats [9,24]. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) was also suggested to mediate NANC relaxation in some regions: lower oesophageal sphincter of cats and humans [20], stomach of guinea pigs [14], and colon of guinea pigs [12] and rats [8,15]. We suggested that VIP and PACAP mediate NANC relaxation of longitudinal muscle of the distal colon of Wistar-ST rats via opening of charybdotoxin-and apamin-sensitive K + channels, respectively [15,25]. However, participation of the peptides as well as nitric oxide in NANC relaxation does not seem to be uniform throughout the gastrointestine. For example, neither role of VIP in longitudinal muscle of the proximal and mid colon [24], a...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sci. 62(8): 821-828, 2000 Nitric oxide has been suggested to mediate nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation in many regions of the gastrointestinal tract [22,23]. However, accumulated evidence suggests that the role of nitric oxide in NANC relaxation is not uniform throughout the gastrointestine, but quite variable in region to region.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Okishio¹,

Niioka²,

Yamaji³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The interaction of nitric oxide (NO) with proteins is known to play a critical role in several different physiological systems extending from blood pressure regulation to neurotransmission [1][2][3]. In addition, NO produced in infected and inflamed tissue could contribute to the process of carcinogenesis [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of S‐nitrosohaemoglobin by mass spectrometry

Ferranti¹,

Malorni²,

Mamone³

et al. 1997

FEBS Letters

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Recent studies have demonstrated the biological importance of the interaction of S-nitrosothiols, which can be considered as nitric oxide (NO) protein donors, especially haemoglobin, at the level of Cys residues. It was recently proposed that S-nitrosohaemoglobin is formed within red blood cells and serves as a regulatory function. In human haemoglobin the ccrsubunit contains one Cys residue and the ß-subunit contains two Cys residues, one of which (ß-Cys 93 ) is highly reactive and conserved among species, although its function has remained unknown. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to monitor the results of exposure of haemolysates to Snitrosocysteine under different conditions and thus addressed some aspects of NO-haemoglobin interaction. When an equimolar ratio of S-nitrosothiol was added to haemoglobin, only a single NO molecule was added. Peptide mapping by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry located the nitrosyl group at the level of ß-Cys 93 demonstrating that this was the preferred site of formation of S-nitrosohaemoglobin. The present data also suggest that electrospray mass spectrometry can allow quantification and characterisation of S-nitrosoproteins in blood.

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“…29 sentaz (NOS) denilen bir izoenzim ailesi tarafından sentez edilir ve vücutta birçok fizyolojik ve patolojik proseslerde rol oynar. 30,31 NO, guanilil siklaz enzimini aktive etmek suretiyle siklik GMP seviyesini artırır ve böylece kasta gevşeme cevabı meydana gelir. 30,31 İzole fare gastrik fundus striplerinde 164 mM etanol ile indüklenen gevşeme cevapları N ω -nitro-L-arginin tarafından konsantrasyona bağımlı ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde inhibe edildi.…”

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“…30,31 NO, guanilil siklaz enzimini aktive etmek suretiyle siklik GMP seviyesini artırır ve böylece kasta gevşeme cevabı meydana gelir. 30,31 İzole fare gastrik fundus striplerinde 164 mM etanol ile indüklenen gevşeme cevapları N ω -nitro-L-arginin tarafından konsantrasyona bağımlı ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde inhibe edildi. Bu deneysel sonuç, etanol ile indüklenen gevşeme yanıtlarında nitrerjik sistemin rolünü telkin etmektedir.…”

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Effects of Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase and Nitric Oxide on Ethanol Induced Relaxations

Kaya¹,

Döndaş²

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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Ö ÖZ ZE ET T AAm ma aç ç: : Alkol (etanol) dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılmakta olup gastrointestinal (GI) rahatsız-lıklara neden olabilmektedir. Etanolün GI sistemde oluşturduğu etkilerin moleküler mekanizmasını aydınlatmak alkole bağlı GI sistem rahatsızlıklarının tedavi yaklaşımlarına katkı sağlayabilir. Bundan dolayı şimdiki çalışmada, GI sistem düz kas dokusu olan izole fare gastrik fundusunda etanolün oluş-turduğu etkilerin moleküler mekanizmasını araştırmayı amaçladık. Bu amaçla, ilgili dokuda etanol ile indüklenen gevşeme cevapları üzerinde nitrik oksid ve sodyum-potasyum değiştirici ATPaz'ın rolünü araştırdık. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Bu çalışmada her iki cinsten beyaz fare (Swiss albino) kullanıldı. Fareler servikal dislokasyon ile öldürüldükten sonra gastrik funduslar izole edildi. İzole edilen gastrik fundus dokuları longitudinal olarak kesilmek suretiyle gastrik fundus şeritleri hazırlandı ve içinde Tyrode solüsyonu bulunan organ banyosuna 0.5 g tansiyon altında asıldı. Banyo ortamı 37°C'de sabit tutuldu ve %95 O 2 ve %5 CO 2 ile gazlandırıldı. Deneysel veriler izometrik transduser vasıtasıyla kaydedildi. Bir saatlik dengelenme periyodundan sonra, izole fare gastrik fundus şeridinin bazal tonusu 5 dakika boyunca kaydedildi ve etanol organ banyosuna uygulandı (etanolun organ banyosu ortamındaki nihai konsantrasyonu 164 mM idi). B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Etanol (164 mM) izole fare mide fundus şeritlerinde tekrarlanabilir gevşemelere neden oldu. Bu gevşemeler NO sentaz enziminin potent ve spesifik inhibitörü olan Nω-nitro-L-arginin (L-NOARG; 10 -5 -5x10 -4 M) tarafından konsantrasyona bağımlı bir şekilde inhibe edildi. Bu inhibisyon istatistiksel olarak anlamlı idi. Buna karşılık, sodyum-potasyum değiştirici ATPaz'ın potent ve spesifik inhibitörü olan uvabain (10 -5 -10 -4 M), izole fare gastrik fundus şeritlerinde etanol (164 mM) ile indüklenen gevşemeleri etkilemedi. S So on nu uç ç: : Deneysel sonuçlar, izole fare gastrik fundus düz kasında etanol ile indüklenen gevşemelerde nitrik oksidin rolünün olabileceğini göster-mektedir. Deneysel çalışma sonuçları aynı zamanda, ilgili dokuda etanol ile indüklenen gevşeme yanıtlarında sodyum-potasyum değiştirici ATPaz'ın rolünün olmadığını telkin etmektedir.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Etanol; nitrik oksid; sodyum-potasyum değiştirici ATPaz; kas gevşemesi A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T OOb bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Alcohol is widely used in the world and can cause gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of alcohol in the GI tract may contribute to the therapeutic approaches on GI diseases caused by alcohol. So in the present study we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of ethanol on isolated mouse gastric fundus. We investigated the role of nitric oxide and sodium-potassium-exchanging ATPase on relaxations induced by ethanol in the related tissue. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Mice (Swiss albino) of either sex were used in this study. After...

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Nitric Oxide as a Neurotransmitter in Peripheral Nerves: Nature of Transmitter and Mechanism of Transmission

Cited by 293 publications

References 11 publications

Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Characterisation of S‐nitrosohaemoglobin by mass spectrometry

Effects of Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase and Nitric Oxide on Ethanol Induced Relaxations

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