Nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide concentrations during in vitro high-frequency oscillatory ventilation

Tracing the path of inhaled nitric oxide: Biological consequences of protein nitrosylation

“…Nitrogen dioxide ( • NO 2 ), the reactive NO derivative more directly toxic to the lung, can reach a concentration of 5 ppm within 3 min during treatment with 80 ppm iNO, and within 12 min at 20 ppm iNO in 100% O 2 ; while in 21% O 2 at 20 ppm iNO, the same accrual of • NO 2 takes more than 1 h 98 . The use of continuous‐flow ventilation circuits has largely eliminated toxic • NO 2 accumulation within the airways during iNO treatment, though there has been some concern about gas stasis in distal airways during use of high‐frequency modes 99 …”

“…91 within the airways during iNO treatment, though there has been some concern about gas stasis in distal airways during use of highfrequency modes. 99 The interaction between the oxidative environment and iNO determines the nature of its downstream nitrosative chemistry (Figure 1). Alone, oxygen toxicity is known to manifest as protein tyrosine nitration, largely due to the action of ONOO − .…”