Nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds in the atmospheric environment: A review

Yan, Juping; Wang, Xiaoping; Gong, Ping; Wang, Chuanfei

doi:10.1080/10643389.2020.1748486

“…Studies performed by Alif et al (1991) in the liquid phase have shown that the photolysis of nitrophenols might be relevant for the atmosphere [37]. Later, additional studies support these findings [14,22,38]. Nitrophenols, absorbing light and reducing the actinic flux, could be considered to decrease the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and slow down photochemical reactions [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Further photooxidation of aromatic compounds is well known to produce semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC), low (LVOC) and extremely low volatile organic compounds (ELVOC) [9,10]. Photolysis has been found to be an important removal process for a few classes of aromatic compounds under atmospheric conditions: nitrophenols [11,12], nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, and nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Nitrophenols Photolysis under Atmospheric Conditions

Bejan

¹

,

Olariu

²

,

Wiesen

³

2020

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Nitrophenols are important products of the aromatic compounds photooxidation and play a considerable role in urban chemistry. Nitrophenols are important components of agricultural biomass burning that could influence the climate. The formation of secondary organic aerosol from the direct photolysis of nitrophenols was investigated for the first time in a quartz glass simulation chamber under simulated solar radiation. The results from these experiments indicate rapid SOA formation. The proposed mechanism for the gas-phase degradation of nitrophenols through photolysis shows the formation of biradicals that could react further in the presence of oxygen to form low volatile highly oxygenated compounds responsible for secondary organic aerosol formation. The inhibiting effect of NOx and the presence of an OH radical scavenger on the aerosol formation were also studied. For 2-nitrophenol, significant aerosol formation yields were observed in the absence of an OH radical scavenger and NOx, varying in the range of 18%–24%. A gas-phase/aerosol partitioning model was applied assuming the presence of only one compound in both phases. A degradation mechanism is proposed to explain the aerosol formation observed in the photolysis of nitrophenols. The atmospheric impact of nitrophenol photolysis is discussed and the importance for atmospheric chemical models is assessed.

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“…In addition, NPAHs contain strong chromophore of -NO 2 group are the principal constituents of brown carbon (BrC) with strong light absorption capacity, which can absorb sunlight and reduce visibility. It is the culprit of haze pollution and has gradually become the driving factor of regional climate change (Laskin et al 2015; Bandowe and Meusel 2017; Yan et al 2021). The research on the formation mechanism and optical properties of NPAHs has become the hot spot in atmospheric chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OH or NO 3 radicals are added to aromatic ring of PAHs to yield hydroxycyclohexadienyl or nitrooxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which reacted with NO 2 or O 2 to form NPAHs. These gaseous products can engender secondary organic aerosol (SOA) through self-condensation and gas/particle partitioning process (Keyte et al 2013;Jariyaposit et al 2014;Yan et al 2021). NPAHs have strong stimulating effect, can cause mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, which seriously endanger human health (Besis et al 2022;Sun et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in secondary organic aerosol derived from photooxidation of naphthalene in the presence of NO2

Zhu

¹

,

Huang

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

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Nitrated Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) widely exist in atmospheric aerosol particles are important constituents of brown carbon. Naphthalene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are vital precursors of NPAHs. The NPAHs components of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated by the photooxidation of naphthalene under different concentrations of NO2 in chamber are on-line measured using synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol mass spectrometer (VUV-PIMS) and verified off-line with optical spectrometry in this study. The results demonstrate that NO2 can promote the generation of NPAHs and formation of SOA. Using VUV-PIMS on-line detection, and combined with off-line UV-Vis and infrared spectroscopy verification, it is determined that carboxyls and naphthols are main components of naphthalene SOA particles without NO2, and nitro-naphthalene, dinitro-naphthalene, nitro-naphthol and dinitro-naphthol via the nitration of OH-naphthalene adduct and naphthol products of naphthalene are identified as principal constituents of SOA with NO2. The increase of strong chromophore of N = O of nitro group in NPAHs strengthens the absorbing ability of naphthalene SOA particles. The averaged mass absorption coefficient (< MAC>) over 200–600 nm of naphthalene SOA particles is increases gradually with the increasing concentration of NO2. The < MAC > of naphthalene SOA particles with 1000 ppb NO2 is 688 cm2/g, which is close to to that of biomass burning organic aerosol particles. These results offer the reference for exploring the formation mechanism and optical properties of NPAHs under the background of high concentration of NOx in urban atmosphere.

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“…OH or NO 3 radicals are added to aromatic ring of PAHs to yield hydroxycyclohexadienyl or nitrooxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which reacted with NO 2 or O 2 to form NPAHs. These gaseous products can engender secondary organic aerosol (SOA) through self-condensation and gas/particle partitioning process (Keyte et al 2013;Jariyaposit et al 2014;Yan et al 2021). NPAHs have strong stimulating effect, can cause mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, which seriously endanger human health (Besis et al 2022;Sun et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in secondary organic aerosol derived from photooxidation of naphthalene in the presence of NO2

Zhu

¹

,

Huang

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrated Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) widely exist in atmospheric aerosol particles are important constituents of brown carbon. Naphthalene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are vital precursors of NPAHs. The NPAHs components of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated by the photooxidation of naphthalene under different concentrations of NO2 in chamber are on-line measured using synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol mass spectrometer (VUV-PIMS) and verified off-line with optical spectrometry in this study. The results demonstrate that NO2 can promote the generation of NPAHs and formation of SOA. Using VUV-PIMS on-line detection, and combined with off-line UV-Vis and infrared spectroscopy verification, it is determined that carboxyls and naphthols are main components of naphthalene SOA particles without NO2, and nitro-naphthalene, dinitro-naphthalene, nitro-naphthol and dinitro-naphthol via the nitration of OH-naphthalene adduct and naphthol products of naphthalene are identified as principal constituents of SOA with NO2. The increase of strong chromophore of N = O of nitro group in NPAHs strengthens the absorbing ability of naphthalene SOA particles. The averaged mass absorption coefficient (< MAC>) over 200–600 nm of naphthalene SOA particles is increases gradually with the increasing concentration of NO2. The < MAC > of naphthalene SOA particles with 1000 ppb NO2 is 688 cm2/g, which is close to to that of biomass burning organic aerosol particles. These results offer the reference for exploring the formation mechanism and optical properties of NPAHs under the background of high concentration of NOx in urban atmosphere.

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Nitrated polycyclic aromatic compounds in the atmospheric environment: A review

Cited by 21 publications

References 101 publications

Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Nitrophenols Photolysis under Atmospheric Conditions

Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Nitrophenols Photolysis under Atmospheric Conditions

Characterization of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in secondary organic aerosol derived from photooxidation of naphthalene in the presence of NO2

Characterization of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in secondary organic aerosol derived from photooxidation of naphthalene in the presence of NO2

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