Nitrate removal from water using alum and ferric chloride: A comparative study of alum and ferric chloride efficiency

Aghapour, Ali Ahmad; Nemati, Sepideh; Mohammadi, Amir; Nourmoradi, Heshmatollah; Karimzadeh, Sima

doi:10.15171/ehem.2016.03

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our results show that a lower current does not provide enough iron ion to completely destabilize the suspended oxide particles (35). Based on Faraday's law, an increase in the current density and reaction time increases the amount of iron hydroxides, resulting in higher removal efficiency of COD and turbidity via co-precipitation and sweep coagulation (36,37). Similar to the COD removal mechanism, increasing the current density and reaction time can increase phosphate removal efficiency by adsorption into the iron hydroxide, as well as precipitation of metal phosphate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Optimizing electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton process for treating car wash wastewater

Mirshahghassemi

Aminzadeh

Torabian

et al. 2016

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: Car wash wastewater contains several contaminants such as organic matter, oil, grease, detergents and phosphates, all of which are harmful for the environment. In this study, the application of electrocoagulation (EC) to treat car wash wastewater has been studied, and the operating parameters optimized. The electro-Fenton (EF) for further contaminant removal was also investigated. Methods: In EC process, the effect of pH, current density, and the reaction time of the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate, and turbidity were investigated using the response surface methodology (RSM). The electrochemical cell consisted of four iron electrodes that were connected to a power supply using a monopolar arrangement. In the EF process, the effect of pH, reaction time, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on COD removal efficiency were probed. Results: The optimum pH, current density, and the reaction time for the EC process were 7.3, 4.2 mA cm-2 and 20.3 minutes, respectively. Under these conditions, the COD, phosphate, and turbidity removal percentages were 80.8%, 94.9% and 85.5%, respectively, and the specific energy consumption was 1.5 kWh m-3. For the EF process, the optimum pH, reaction time, current and hydrogen peroxide dosage were 3, 10 minutes, 2 A and 500 mg L-1 , respectively. The EF showed higher COD removal efficiency (85.6%) with a lower specific energy consumption (0.5 kWh m-3) and reaction time compared to the EC. Conclusion: This study shows that both EC and EF can effectively treat car wash wastewater with high removal efficiency within a short reaction time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Optimizing electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton process for treating car wash wastewater

Mirshahghassemi

Aminzadeh

Torabian

et al. 2016

Environ Health Eng Manag

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“…It has been reported that iron coagulants has a higher performance efficiency than magnesium coagulants in the removal efficiency of arsenic (III) and (V) from aqueous arsenic spiked sample, and it was observed that background ionic species such as Cland NO3has no effective on the removal efficiency of arsenic while SO4 2has a pronounce lowering effect on the removal efficiency of arsenic [19][20][21]. Both Fe2(SO4)3 and Al2(SO4)3 have be confirmed to have a high efficiency in the removal of total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and turbidity but ferric chloride has a higher efficiency than aluminum sulfate in the removal of both nitrate and total organic carbon from wastewater [21][22][23].…”

Section: Chemical Treatment Methods -Coagulation/ Flocculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical coagulation and biological techniques for wastewater treatment

Akinnawo

Ayadi

Oluwalope

2023

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry

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This paper reports the effectiveness of chemical coagulation and biological techniques for the treatment of wastewater from industrial and agricultural operations. Agricultural husbandry has been reported to produce wastewater that has high content of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity as well as organic and inorganic pollutants. A comparison on the use of organic and inorganic based coagulants as well as the optimum conditions required for high percentage removal efficiency of pollutants from wastewater has been reviewed. At optimum experimental condition, ferric chloride coagulants were reported to yield 98, 95, 93 and 50 % removal of color, turbidity, iron and manganese. Moreover, chemical coagulation, electrocoagulation and biological methods have been reported to display a close range in their capacities for removing pollutants from wastewater. However, biological method was observed to be highly effective in the removal of pollutants from wastewater but requires more time and produces lesser volume of sludge, when compared to chemical method in the treatment of wastewater.

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“…Coagulation is useful to remove removes colloids and suspended solids from the water [2]. After that during flocculation, the particles are attracted together by van der Waal's forces, forming floc [1] [16]. Aluminium sulfate and Ferric chloride were tested as conventional coagulants [11].…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Chitosan, Ferric Chloride and Aluminium Sulphate in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Coastal, Estuarine and Industrial Wastewater

S¹,

Darsana²,

Satheeshan³

et al. 2022

IJSEM

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Water quality in water bodies is subjected to the natural degradation process of eutrophication and has adverse effect on social development. Most of the water bodies in Kochi, Alappuzha and Kottayam shrunk considerably due to the aggressive rapid urbanization process and overpowering invasion. This study aims at assessing the physic-chemical parameters of coastal, estuarine and industrial wastewater samples and application of chitosan in removal of heavy metals. A study was conducted to determine the physico-chemical parameters of water of 5 different water bodies and 2 industries in Ernakulam, Kottayam and Alappuzha named Periyar River, Fort Kochi beach, Poonithura Canal, Vembanadu Lake, Vettikattumukku pond in Kottayam, and two seafood industries in Cochin from March to May, 2021. The selected parameters were water temperature, color, salinity, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), concentration of nutrients (Nitrite, Phosphate and Silicate) and concentration of alkali metals (Sodium, Potassium and Calcium). This analytical study would improve the socio eco features of these water bodies by employing utility-based restoration plans. Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements, which are found throughout the earth’s crust, most environmental contamination and human exposure and majority of them are carcinogenic. We removed the heavy metals for reducing the toxicity of wastewater in eco-friendly and cheaper way using chitosan, aluminium sulphate and ferric chloride. Under different pH conditions, adsorption of chromium and copper ions by chitosan was investigated. Amount of chromium and copper absorbed or the efficiency of heavy metal removal by chitosan, alum and ferric chloride were determined using ICP-AES. Among Chromium and Copper, Cu can be efficiently removed from the water using chitosan at higher pH. Ferric chloride is more efficient in removing heavy metals than Aluminium sulfate at the same pH.

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Nitrate removal from water using alum and ferric chloride: A comparative study of alum and ferric chloride efficiency

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Optimizing electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton process for treating car wash wastewater

Optimizing electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton process for treating car wash wastewater

Chemical coagulation and biological techniques for wastewater treatment

Application of Chitosan, Ferric Chloride and Aluminium Sulphate in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Coastal, Estuarine and Industrial Wastewater

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