Nitrate Reductase Activity of Grain Sorghum Leaves as Related to Yields of Grain, Dry Matter, and Nitrogen<sup>1</sup>

Eck, H. V.; Wilson, GL; Martinez, Tito

doi:10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183x001500040032x

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In eukaryotes, reduction of nitrate to nitrite is catalyzed by the molybdenum-containing NR. NR is described as the rate-limiting step of the nitrate assimilation pathway, which eventually influences the growth and organic N status of plants [27,28]. Our data suggested that NO 3 − -N and NH 4 + -N contents and NR activity were decreased by Mn deficiency (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Gong

Liu

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Manganese is one of the essential microelements for plant growth, and cerium is a beneficial element for plant growth. However, whether manganese deficiency affects nitrogen metabolism of plants and cerium improves the nitrogen metabolism of plants by exposure to manganese-deficient media are still unclear. The main aim of the study was to determine the effects of manganese deficiency in nitrogen metabolism and the roles of cerium in the improvement of manganese-deficient effects in maize seedlings. Maize seedlings were cultivated in manganese present Meider's nutrient solution. They were subjected to manganese deficiency and to cerium chloride administered in the manganese-present and manganese-deficient media. Maize seedlings grown in the various media were measured for key enzyme activities involved in nitrogen metabolism, such as nitrate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamic-oxaloace transaminase. We found that manganese deficiency restricted uptake and transport of NO(3)(-), inhibited activities of nitrogen-metabolism-related enzymes, such as nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamic-oxaloace transaminase, thus decreasing the synthesis of chlorophyll and soluble protein, and inhibited the growth of maize seedlings. Manganese deficiency promoted the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase and reduced the toxicity of excess ammonia to the plant, while added cerium relieved the damage to nitrogen metabolism caused by manganese deficiency in maize seedlings. However, cerium addition exerted positively to relieve the damage of nitrogen metabolism process in maize seedlings caused by exposure to manganese-deficient media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Gong

Liu

et al. 2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…However, nitrate reductase activity was positively correlated with N accumulation in other studies with wheat (Eilrich and Hageman 1973;Dalling et al 1975;Vouillot et al 1996), in corn (Deckard et al 1973;Feil et al 1993) and in sorghum (Eeck et al 1975). This lack of consensus on the role of nitrate reductase activity, expressed per unit of fresh tissue, in N uptake appears to preclude the use of this assay to predict the capacity of wheat genotypes to accumulate N. Once plant size was taken into account, the NRA of entire shoot of Vigour 18 was higher than those of Janz for a given NO 3 -treatment and specific plant stage, and total NRA was correlated with root NO 3 -specific absorption rate and plant N uptake.…”

Section: Differences In Physiological Processes and Nitrate Uptakementioning

confidence: 64%

Early vigorous growth is a major factor influencing nitrogen uptake in wheat

Liao

Fillery

Palta

2004

Functional Plant Biol.

176

106

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A field trial, a lysimeter system study and a nutrient solution experiment were conducted to determine the genotypic differences in nitrogen (N) uptake among wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes differing in vigour of early growth. Plant growth and N uptake of Vigour 18, a breeding line with early vigour, and the commercial cultivars Westonia, Tincurrin, Camm and Janz were compared. Shoot biomass of Vigour 18 was higher than that of the other genotypes, except for Westonia at booting when 50 kg N ha -1 was applied 3 d after wheat emergence. Vigour 18 had significantly higher efficiency of fertiliser-N uptake than the other four cultivars at tillering when 50 kg N ha -1 was applied. Fertiliser-N uptake efficiency at booting was similar in Vigour 18 and Westonia, but significantly higher than in three other commercial cultivars. Vigour 18 had higher root dry matter, root-length density and root surface area than Janz when examined in columns of soil. The greater root growth of Vigour 18 occurred across all soil layers to a depth of 0.6 m. Differences in total N uptake between Vigour 18 and Janz were apparent from tillering (Z14,22) to booting (Z19,24,49). Vigour 18 also had significantly higher shoot biomass and N uptake than Janz when grown in nutrient culture. Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) expressed on a whole-plant basis was higher for Vigour 18 than for Janz, and was related to total N uptake. However, NRA expressed on a perunit-fresh-weight basis was not significantly different across the cultivars tested. It is concluded that vigorous early root and shoot growth in Vigour 18 was the main driving force for higher N uptake.

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“…It is affected by factors such as plant development stages [28] as well as environmental conditions [29]. We observed that deprivation of Mg 2+ inhibited NR and NiR activities in spinach significantly, which either is due to reduced carbon fixation or low nitrate translocation and subsequently low nitrate availability in spinach or reduced uptake of nitrate by roots or limitations in reducing power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cerium Relieves the Inhibition of Nitrogen Metabolism of Spinach Caused by Magnesium Deficiency

Yin

Liu

et al. 2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Magnesium is one of the essential elements for plant growth and cerium is a beneficial element for plant growth. However, the effects of the fact that cerium improves the nitrogen metabolism of plants under magnesium deficiency is poorly understood. The main aim of the study was to determine the role of cerium in the amelioration of magnesium-deficiency effects in spinach plants. Spinach plants were cultivated in Hoagland's solution. They were subjected to magnesium deficiency and to cerium chloride administered in the magnesium-present media and magnesium-deficient media. Spinach plants grown in the magnesium-present media and magnesium-deficient media were measured for key enzyme activities involved in nitrogen metabolism such as nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase, urease, glutamic–pyruvic transaminase, and glutamic–oxaloace protease transaminase. As the nitrogen metabolism in spinach was significantly inhibited by magnesium deficiency, it caused a significant reduction of spinach plant weight, leaf turning chlorosis. However, cerium treatment grown in magnesium-deficiency media significantly promoted the activities of the key enzymes as well as the contents of the free amino acids, chlorophyll, soluble protein, and spinach growth. It implied that Ce3+ could partly substitute for magnesium to facilitate the transformation from inorganic nitrogen to organic nitrogen, leading to the improvement of spinach growth, although the metabolism needs to be investigated further.

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Nitrate Reductase Activity of Grain Sorghum Leaves as Related to Yields of Grain, Dry Matter, and Nitrogen¹

Cited by 17 publications

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Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Early vigorous growth is a major factor influencing nitrogen uptake in wheat

Cerium Relieves the Inhibition of Nitrogen Metabolism of Spinach Caused by Magnesium Deficiency

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Nitrate Reductase Activity of Grain Sorghum Leaves as Related to Yields of Grain, Dry Matter, and Nitrogen1

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Effects of Manganese Deficiency and Added Cerium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Maize

Early vigorous growth is a major factor influencing nitrogen uptake in wheat

Cerium Relieves the Inhibition of Nitrogen Metabolism of Spinach Caused by Magnesium Deficiency

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Nitrate Reductase Activity of Grain Sorghum Leaves as Related to Yields of Grain, Dry Matter, and Nitrogen¹