Nitrate in fruits and vegetables

Colla, G.; Kim, Hye-Ji; Kyriacou, Marios C.; Rouphael, Youssef

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.016

Cited by 230 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Dou et al 29 performed experiments with basil plants and evaluated the effects of DLI from 9.3 to 17.8 mol m −2 per day, corresponding to lighting intensities from 160 to 310 μmol m −2 s −1 30 and lower photochemical energy inhibits nitrate assimilation into amino acids. 18 The results obtained support that the limiting step might be not the direct nitrate conversion to ammonium and primary amino acids, but further metabolic steps of free amino acids, as their contents in leaves were relatively high under 100 μmol m −2 s −1 PPFD. The increase in growth parameters and nitrate assimilation indices at PPFDs ≥ 300 μmol m −2 s −1 is not significant enough to apply this intensity level for commercial applications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…They demonstrated that under an indoor controlled environment, basil plants grown under higher DLIs had increased photosynthetic capacities per unit leaf area, chlorophyll concentrations, leaf dry weight per plant, and higher chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratios, as well as higher contents of total anthocyanins, phenolics and flavonoids . At deficient lighting intensities < 200 μmol m −2 s −1 , the shortage of photoassimilate supply due to inefficient photosynthesis and lower photochemical energy inhibits nitrate assimilation into amino acids . The results obtained support that the limiting step might be not the direct nitrate conversion to ammonium and primary amino acids, but further metabolic steps of free amino acids, as their contents in leaves were relatively high under 100 μmol m −2 s −1 PPFD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By adoption of good agricultural practices, it is possible to reduce nitrate accumulation. Nitrate contents in leaves depend upon many factors such as plant genotype, agronomic factors and prevailing environmental conditions during plant growth . However, in plant factories and glasshouses during low natural lighting period, the main factor, limiting nitrate contents and assimilation is accomplished by changing the quantity of artificial lighting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lighting intensity and photoperiod serves tailoring nitrate assimilation indices in red and green baby leaf lettuce

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND Understanding plant responses to light quantity in indoor horticultural systems is important for optimising lettuce growth and metabolism as well as energy utilisation efficiency. Light intensity and photoperiod sufficient for normal plant growth parameters might be not efficient for nitrate assimilation. Therefore, this study explored and compared the effects of different light intensities (100–500 μmol m−2 s−1) and photoperiods (12–24 h) on the growth and nitrate assimilation in red and green leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). RESULTS For efficient nitrate assimilation, 300–400 μmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and 16–18 h photoperiod is necessary for red and green lettuces. The insufficient light quantity resulted in reduced growth and remarkable increase in nitrate and nitrite contents in both cultivars. Short photoperiods, similarly to low PPFD, growth parameters, chlorophyll indices and nitrate assimilation indices showed the shortage of photosynthetic products for normal plant physiological processes. Short photoperiods had the least pronounced effect on nitrate and nitrite contents in lettuce leaves. CONCLUSION Light intensity was superior compared to photoperiods for efficient nitrate assimilation in both lettuce cultivars. Under short photoperiods, similarly to low intensity, growth parameters, chlorophyll index and nitrate assimilation indices showed a shortage of photosynthetic products for normal physiological processes. The free amino acid concentration increased, but it was not efficiently incorporated in proteins, as their level in lettuce was lower compared to those for moderate photoperiods. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lighting intensity and photoperiod serves tailoring nitrate assimilation indices in red and green baby leaf lettuce

et al. 2019

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“…Our findings indicated that the increased 'nutrient acquisition response' (higher K and Mg) may be associated to several modes of action like: (i) the presence of signaling molecules in the PH product, such as free amino acids and soluble peptides [2,16]; (ii) the greater uptake, translocation and accumulation of nutrients effecting stimulation of the root system architecture [18,28]; and (iii) the expression of genes encoding for macronutrients transporters in cell membranes [37,47]. From a botanical point of view, spinach, which belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family, is normally considered a nitrate-accumulating leafy vegetable species [48]. Nitrate content was significantly (p < 0.01) influenced by biostimulant applications with the highest values recorded in both SWE and VO + SWE treatments (3227 and 3485 mg kg −1 fw, respectively; Figure 2).…”

Section: Implications Of Pbs Application On Protein Mineral Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant- and Seaweed-Based Extracts Increase Yield but Differentially Modulate Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Spinach through Biostimulant Action

et al. 2018

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Plant biostimulants (PBs) such as protein hydrolysates and seaweed extracts are attracting the increasing interest of scientists and vegetable growers for their potential toenhance yield and nutritional quality. The current study assessed crop productivity, leaf colorimetry, mineral profile and bioactive compounds of greenhouse spinach in response to the foliar application of three PBs: legume-derived protein hydrolysate [PH], extract of seaweed Ecklonia maxima or mixture of vegetal oils, herbal and seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum extracts. Plants were PB-treated at a rate of 3 mL L −1 four times during their growth cycle at weekly intervals. Foliar PB applications enhanced fresh yield, dry biomass and leaf area of spinach in comparison with untreated plants. Improved yield performance with PB applications was associated with improved chlorophyll biosynthesis (higher SPAD index). The three PB treatments elicited an increase in bioactive compounds (total phenols and ascorbic acid), thus raised the functional quality of spinach. The application of PH enhanced K and Mg concentrations and did not result in increased nitrate accumulation as observed with the other two PB treatments. Our findings can assist vegetable farmers and the agro-food industry in adopting innovative and sustainable tools such as PB for complementing a high yield with premium quality.

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“…In general, as the plant reaches maturity, the nitrate content in the storage organ (roots or rhizomas) decreases. In addition, nitrate accumulation in the leaves depends on the age of the plant tissue; however, in this case, the reverse situation was observed, where the younger the plants, the less amount of nitrate they accumulated (Colla et al ., ). Andrzejewska et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytochemical profile of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. and Graminis rhizoma and its influence on the bioactivity and shelf life of industrially produced pâté

Ferysiuk

Wójciak

Materska

2019

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Summary The impact of the use of Silybum marianum and G. rhizoma plant powders on the nutritional value of cooked pâté was explored. Three concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%) for S. marianum and two (5% and 10%) for G. rhizoma were added. The phytochemical profile of plant extracts was analysed using HPLC. The pH value, water activity, TBARS, oxidation–reduction potential, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, instrumental colour and microbiology of cooked pâtés were determined after 1 and 21 days of storage. Basic chemical composition, dietary fibre, elemental and nitrites/nitrates content were determined, and sensory analysis was performed after product preparation. Phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of fortified patties strongly correlated with the lower level of ORP and TBARS values. The obtained results indicate that the addition of S. marianum at a concentration of 10% is most beneficial for sensory attributes, colour stabilisation and antioxidant capacity.

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Nitrate in fruits and vegetables

Cited by 230 publications

References 140 publications

Lighting intensity and photoperiod serves tailoring nitrate assimilation indices in red and green baby leaf lettuce

Lighting intensity and photoperiod serves tailoring nitrate assimilation indices in red and green baby leaf lettuce

Plant- and Seaweed-Based Extracts Increase Yield but Differentially Modulate Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Spinach through Biostimulant Action

Phytochemical profile of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. and Graminis rhizoma and its influence on the bioactivity and shelf life of industrially produced pâté

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