Nitrate in drinking water and risk of colorectal cancer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Fathmawati, Fathmawati; Fachiroh, Jajah; Gravitiani, Evi; Sarto, Sarto; Husodo, Adi Heru

doi:10.1080/15287394.2016.1260508

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There were no interactions with red meat, vitamins C and E, and fiber except for a borderline interaction ( p -interaction = 0.07) for rectum cancer with fiber intake. A small hospital-based case-control study in Indonesia found that drinking water nitrate levels above the WHO standard (>11.3 mg/L as NO 3 -N) was associated with colorectal cancer [ 136 ]. A national registry-based cohort study in Denmark [ 32 ] evaluated average nitrate concentrations in PWS and private wells in relation to colorectal cancer incidence among those whose 35th birthday occurred during 1978–2011.…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review

Ward

Jones

Brender

et al. 2018

IJERPH

907

487

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Nitrate levels in our water resources have increased in many areas of the world largely due to applications of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure in agricultural areas. The regulatory limit for nitrate in public drinking water supplies was set to protect against infant methemoglobinemia, but other health effects were not considered. Risk of specific cancers and birth defects may be increased when nitrate is ingested under conditions that increase formation of N-nitroso compounds. We previously reviewed epidemiologic studies before 2005 of nitrate intake from drinking water and cancer, adverse reproductive outcomes and other health effects. Since that review, more than 30 epidemiologic studies have evaluated drinking water nitrate and these outcomes. The most common endpoints studied were colorectal cancer, bladder, and breast cancer (three studies each), and thyroid disease (four studies). Considering all studies, the strongest evidence for a relationship between drinking water nitrate ingestion and adverse health outcomes (besides methemoglobinemia) is for colorectal cancer, thyroid disease, and neural tube defects. Many studies observed increased risk with ingestion of water nitrate levels that were below regulatory limits. Future studies of these and other health outcomes should include improved exposure assessment and accurate characterization of individual factors that affect endogenous nitrosation.

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Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review

Ward

Jones

Brender

et al. 2018

IJERPH

907

487

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, a significant number of studies have found an association between exposure to a relatively high nitrate concentration and the risk of developing cancer. Examples of such studies include case-con- research conducted by Fathmawati et al (2017) in Indonesia. The findings demonstrated (after adjusting for smoking history, age, and family history of cancer) an association between prolonged exposure (more than 10 years) to nitrate concentration in drinking water above 11.29 mg/L of nitrate as N, with an increased risk of colorectal cancer occurrence (OR = 4.31; 95% CI: 1.32-14.09).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial Distribution of Age‐Adjusted Incidence of the Three Major Types of Pediatric Cancers and Waterborne Agrichemicals in Nebraska

et al. 2022

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Nebraska is primarily an agricultural state, with 92% of the total land area used for farming and ranching (Nebraska Department of Agriculture and USDA NASS, Nebraska Field Office, 2020). The widespread use of agrichemicals such as atrazine and nitrate is common across many Midwestern states, including Nebraska. Atrazine, a triazine herbicide, is the second most used pesticide in Nebraska for leafy weed control (Wieben, 2019), and in 2017, more than 3,357 tons of atrazine were applied to Nebraska cornfields (Wieben, 2019). Nitrate is used as a fertilizer to enhance crop growth. In 2018, about 742,000 tons of nitrogen-containing fertilizers were applied to Nebraska cornfields (Nebraska Department of Agriculture, N.D.; USDA ERS, 2019).These agrichemicals can contaminate surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW), the latter being an essential drinking water source for more than 85% of all Nebraskans (Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality, 2020). Indeed, in Nebraska, surface and groundwater concentrations of nitrate and atrazine have been found in some locations to exceed the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contaminant

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“…De acuerdo con el valor del IRCApp promedio anual, los 29 acueductos restantes se distribuyeron, según nivel de riesgo, de la siguiente manera: seis [6] en nivel de riesgo bajo, doce [12] en nivel de riesgo Medio y once [11] en nivel de riesgo Alto, lo que, según la norma Colombiana, significa que suministraron agua no apta para consumo humano.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

La calidad del agua de los acueductos de las áreas urbanas del Departamento del Meta, Colombia

Camberos¹,

Girón²,

Pérez-Gutiérrez³

2018

rev. investig. andin.

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El agua de buena calidad es esencial para la vida y la salud humana. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar los resultados del análisis de calidad de agua de los acueductos de los municipios del departamento del Meta. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo de los registros sobre la evaluación de calidad del agua para consumo humano, provenientes de acueductos del Meta entre el 2008 y el 2014. Se realizaron 3326 análisis, físico-químicos y microbiológicos, que evidenciaron que solo el 15% de los registros se encontraban dentro del nivel libre de riesgo, es decir, que se consideran potables o aptos para el consumo humano. El 85% de los registros restantes se ubicaron en niveles de riesgo que oscilan entre bajo y sanitariamente inviable, lo que significa que el agua no es apta para consumo humano, porque genera riesgo para la salud. Los análisis de calidad del agua de los acueductos adscritos a municipios del departamento del Meta demuestran un bajo cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad para alcanzar las condiciones óptimas para el consumo humano.

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Nitrate in drinking water and risk of colorectal cancer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review

Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review

Geospatial Distribution of Age‐Adjusted Incidence of the Three Major Types of Pediatric Cancers and Waterborne Agrichemicals in Nebraska

La calidad del agua de los acueductos de las áreas urbanas del Departamento del Meta, Colombia

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