NIRS: Forage analysis and livestock feeding

Corson, David C.; Waghorn, G. C.; Ulyatt, M. J.; Lee, J.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1999.61.2340

Cited by 196 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The nutritive value of the samples was determined by FeedTECH, AgResearch, Palmerston North. Samples were analysed using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as described by Corson et al (1999) to determine the acid detergent fibre (ADF), ash and total crude protein content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral composition and nutritive value of some common pasture weeds

Harrington

Thatcher²

2006

NZPP

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Organic dairy farmers often introduce alternative pasture species such as chicory (Cichorium intybus) and narrowleaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata) to their swards because of their higher mineral contents yet they are concerned about the presence of weed species such as docks (Rumex spp) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) The mineral content and nutritive value of both desired and less desired pasture components from an organic dairy farm were analysed and compared Minerals such as magnesium manganese copper zinc boron cobalt and selenium were often significantly higher in species such as chicory narrowleaved plantain dandelion broadleaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius) Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense) and hairy buttercup (Ranunculus sardous) than the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) components of the sward Likewise the crude protein levels of these species plus Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus) were significantly higher than for perennial ryegrass Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of animal nutrition and health

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral composition and nutritive value of some common pasture weeds

Harrington

Thatcher²

2006

NZPP

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“…Duplicate samples of all feeds were dried at either 100°C for DM analysis, or at 60°C for analysis of nutrient composition. All samples dried at 60°C were dried for 72 h, ground to pass through a 1.0-mm sieve (Christy Lab Mill, Suffolk, UK) and analyzed for CP, NDF, ADF, NSC, lipid, and ash by near infrared spectroscopy (Corson et al, 1999). The ME content was derived directly from predicted OM digestibility on the basis of an in vitro cellulase digestibility assay, which had been calibrated against in vivo standards (Corson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stocking Rate on Pasture Production, Milk Production, and Reproduction of Dairy Cows in Pasture-Based Systems

Macdonald

Penno²,

Lancaster

et al. 2008

Journal of Dairy Science

211

297

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Ninety-four cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 stocking rates (2.2, 2.7, 3.1, 3.7, and 4.3 cows/ha) in a completely randomized design for 3 years. Herds were seasonal calving, with only minor differences in grazing management to optimize the profitability of each stocking rate (SR). Pasture production and quality data, milk and milk component data, and reproduction data were collected, averaged for SR treatment, and linear and quadratic contrasts on SR were evaluated. In addition, the Wilmink exponential model (y(t) = a + b x e((-0.05t) )+ c x t) was fitted to milk yield within lactation, and the parameters were averaged by SR treatment and analyzed as above. The median variation explained by the function for individual lactations was 84%. The amount of pasture grown tended to increase, and the quality of the pasture on offer increased linearly with increasing SR, reducing some of the negative impact of SR on the availability of pasture per cow. Milk production per cow declined linearly with increasing SR, although there was a tendency for most production variables to decline quadratically, with the negative effect of SR declining with increasing SR. The effect on milk production per cow was primarily because of a lower peak milk yield and a greater post-peak decline (less persistent milk profile), although a decline in lactation length with increasing SR was responsible for 24% of the effect of SR on milk yield. Milk production per hectare increased linearly with increasing SR, and there was only a small difference (approximately 3%/cow per ha) in the efficiency of converting feed dry matter into milk energy. Stocking rate did not affect reproductive success. The data are consistent with the need for a more robust measure of SR than cows per hectare because farms will differ in the genetic merit of their cows and in the potential to produce pasture. We introduce the concept of a comparative SR, whereby the carrying capacity of the farm is defined by the BW of the cows, the potential of the land to produce pasture, and the amount of supplement purchased (kg of BW/t of feed dry matter). The adoption of such a measure would facilitate the extrapolation and transfer of research findings among systems.

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“…The latter samples were then ground to pass through a 1.0-mm sieve (Christy Lab Mill, Suffolk, UK) and analyzed for CP, NDF, ADF, WSC, fat, ash, and OM digestibility by near-infrared spectroscopy Table 2. Number of records, transformed mean 1 (and SD), backtransformed mean, and CV (%) for plasma ghrelin (pg/mL), growth hormone (GH; ng/mL), NEFA (mmol/L), and glucose (mmol/L) concentrations pre-and postfeeding, and the postprandial change in plasma ghrelin concentration (Δ-ghrelin) in dairy cows 75 and 79 (±19.7) DIM (Corson et al, 1999). The ME was derived directly from predicted OM digestibility, on the basis of an in vitro cellulase digestibility assay that had been calibrated against in vivo standards (Corson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrate Supplementation Reduces Postprandial Plasma Ghrelin in Grazing Dairy Cows: A Possible Neuroendocrine Basis for Reduced Pasture Intake in Supplemented Cows

Roche

Sheahan²,

Chagas³

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, and a potent orexigenic agent in human and rodent studies. We hypothesized that ghrelin may play a role in the reduced grazing time in dairy cows receiving supplementary feeds. Fifty-eight Holstein-Friesian (HF) dairy cows of New Zealand (NZ; n = 28) and North American (NA; n = 30) ancestry were provided with unrestricted access to pasture and randomly allocated at calving to either 0, 3, or 6 kg of dry matter concentrates in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Concentrates were offered in equal amounts at each milking. In peak lactation (75 and 79 +/- 19.7 d in milk), blood was sampled from all cows prior to the a.m. milking (i.e., baseline) and following 2 h of unrestricted access to fresh pasture after the a.m. milking on 2 consecutive weeks. Daily milk yield and fat, protein, and lactose concentrations were measured on the day of blood sampling. North American cows produced more milk and consumed numerically more pasture than did NZ cows, and NA cows had elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations pre- and postfeeding. A negative association between dry matter intake and postprandial ghrelin concentrations indicated that other controlling factors may be involved. Circulating ghrelin concentrations before feeding were not affected by concentrate supplementation, but increasing supplementation was associated with a linear decline in pasture intake and postprandial ghrelin concentrations. This negative association between concentrate supplementation and plasma ghrelin concentrations offers a potential neuroendocrine basis for the reduced pasture intake when supplements are offered to cows in grazing systems.

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NIRS: Forage analysis and livestock feeding

Cited by 196 publications

References 12 publications

Mineral composition and nutritive value of some common pasture weeds

Mineral composition and nutritive value of some common pasture weeds

Effect of Stocking Rate on Pasture Production, Milk Production, and Reproduction of Dairy Cows in Pasture-Based Systems

Concentrate Supplementation Reduces Postprandial Plasma Ghrelin in Grazing Dairy Cows: A Possible Neuroendocrine Basis for Reduced Pasture Intake in Supplemented Cows

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